• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.597-603
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• 2021

The current Sudanese preschool system depends on limited methods of education, children's education needs to be equipped to keep pace with technological development, also, the large gap that exists between the families and the Kindergartens, where many parents have no idea on how their child progresses in the KG context. The aim of this research is to integrate ICT in the preschool education to enhance and improve the preschool education, by building an Integrated Educational Application (Computerized Application for Preschool Education CAPE) which will help to improve the learning outcomes. The researchers used the Experimental Research Methodology, the characteristic of CAPE application is; suitable for children's age, the application style is more attractive to the children and contains a different way to help children get learning. Alawaeel and the Smart Child Kindergartens in Republic of Sudan were selected as a sample of the study, with sample size specifically, 50 children's. Also, the Central Bank of Sudan Kindergarten was selected as one of the institutional Kindergartens for easy communication with parents of children with a sample size 21 children. The study found that; using CAPE application in KG enables children to increase general learning effects and developing child's cognitive skills. Also, the children who were allowed to use CAPE by their parents are performed better in the overall evaluation of KG lessons. Also, using the CAPE in the Pre-School education helps the parents following their children's progress better and more reliable. The researcher recommends that to apply the computerized application and includes the second level. Also, converting the computerized program into an application to be used by children by their self, without the intervention of parents.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.433-448
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• 2020

In this study, the tasks of thermal equilibrium and heat insulation concept were divided into scientific and everyday contexts to analyzed the level of familiarity, feeling of knowing, state curiosity, and state anxiety that students feel in task contexts and their relationship. The subjects of this study were One hundred nine students in sixth grade of elementary schools located in metropolitan cities. The results of this study were as follows. First, there was no difference in the level of feeling of knowing, state curiosity, and state anxiety in the task of scientific and everyday contexts. In the case of familiarity, there was no consistent tendency in the concept of thermal equilibrium and heat insulation. And the group who recognized the task context familiarly had higher feeling of knowing and lower state anxiety than the group who recognized the task context unfamiliarly. Second, familiarity and feeling of knowing showed high positive correlation, state anxiety and familiarity showed negative correlation, and state anxiety and feeling of knowing had also negative correlation. In addition, familiarity had a negative effect on state anxiety, and FOK had a positive effect on state curiosity and a negative effect on state anxiety. There was no significant moderating effect of the task context. Third, in case of state curiosity, the group perceived the knowledge gap was very small had the highest state curiosity, and the group perceived the knowledge gap was very large had the lowest state curiosity. In case of state anxiety, the less the knowledge gap was perceived, the lower the anxiety was triggered. This study broadens our understanding of the learning process and provides implications for effective instruction strategies for students' cognitive and emotional states.

• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.289-314
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• 2013

Achievement profile by attribute in Korean students' mathematics was analyzed by applying cognitive diagnostic model, which is the newest measurement theory, to 2011 NAEA(National Assessment of Educational Assessment) results. The results are as follows. As the level of school is higher from 6th grade, 9th grade to 11th grade, the percentage of students mastering cognitive attribute 9(expressions using picture, table, graph, formula, symbol, writing, etc) drastically declined from 78%, 35% to 26%. It is necessary to have learning strategies to reinforce their abilities of expressing table, graph, etc. that higher graders in mathematics are more vulnerable to. Next, the property of mastering cognitive attributes according to gender, multi-cultural family was analyzed. In terms of mathematics, the percentage of girls mastering most of the attribute generally is higher than that of boys from 6th grade to 9th grade, however, boys show higher mastery in almost attributes than girls in the 11th grade. Compared to boys, the part where girls have the most trouble is attribute 9 in mathematics(expressions using picture, table, graph, formula, symbol, writing, etc). As international marriage, influx of foreign workers, etc. increase, the number of students from Korea's multi-cultural families is expected to be higher, therefore, identifying the characteristics of their educational achievement is significant in reinforcing Korea's basic achievement. In mathematics, gap of mastery level of attributes between multi-cultural group and ordinary group is more severe in higher grade and the type of multi-cultural group that needs supports for improving achievement most urgently changed in 6th grade, 9th grade and 11th grade respectively. In the 6th and 11th grade, migrant students from North Korea show the lowest level of mastering attributes, however, in the 9th grade, the mastery rate of immigrant students is lowest. Therefore, there is an implication that supporting plans for improving achievement of students from multi-cultural family should establish other strategies based on the characteristics of school level.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.49-59
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• 2024

In this paper, we examine the impact of XAI explanations on user satisfaction and cognitive load according to the risk levels defined in the EU AI Act. XAI aims to make the internal processes of complex AI models understandable to humans and is widely used in both academia and industry. The importance and value of XAI are continuously rising; however, there has been little research determining the necessary level of explanation according to AI system risk levels. To address this gap, we designed an experiment with 120 participants, divided into 8 groups, each exposed to one of four levels of explainability(XAI) within low-risk and high-risk financial AI systems. A quantitative approach was used to measure cognitive load, user satisfaction, mental effort, and the clarity of the material design across the different AI system interfaces. The results indicate that the amount of information in explanations significantly affects cognitive load and user satisfaction, depending on the risk level. However, the impact of the level of explanation on user satisfaction was mediated by the material design, which determined how easily the information was understood. This research provides practical, regulatory, and academic contributions by offering guidelines for determining the necessary level of explanation based on AI system risk levels.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.205-222
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• 2013

One of the recent important issues in IT fields is the convergence. It had been simply focused on functional convergence of technologyies. However the convergence in terms of businesses or services also has been made in recent years. The convergence between broadcasting and telecommunication industries can be possible because the e-transformation of broadcasting industry based on digital technology such as multimedia and multi-channel, can be combined with the high speed telecommunication network. It is giving a birth of various convergence services such as IPTV. IPTV is a kind of new service that is combined with the convergence of network, contents, and device. Nevertheless the controversy about the scope and the value of this new convergence service has constantly been raised; for example, what is the difference between IPTV and Internet TV? or what are the benefits that customers can have? This study measured the expectation level and the cognitive level of users before and after using the service and analyzed the gap between the importance and the satisfaction of the service. From this study, we proposed the priority of each function by analysing Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) method to suggest required functions of IPTV service based on N-Screen technology. This study will identify the gap of awareness level between service providers and end users for the functions of broadcasting and telecommunications convergence service and suggest a solution enhancing user satisfaction.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.421-426
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• 2007

This study considered the most crucial elements in websites as web usability and web accessibility. The web usability signified the empirical satisfaction of ordinary users on websites and how much they used the relevant websites conveniently and accurately, while the web accessibility signified the technical support that could have an easy access to web contents and the principles of cognitive aspects, by considering the users such as those who have been alienated from information. Even if the people were given lots of beneficial information, the websites would be useless if their usability and accessibility were not considered. It would be necessary to reduce the information gap by letting any users (the physically challenged, the elderly, etc.) give an access to every information without any professional abilities and to provide the efficient websites corresponding to the embodiment goal of e-government through rapidity and accuracy of contents and the feedback for systematic structure and people's demand.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.45-51
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• 2014

Computer science and computing technologies are applied into mathematical, science, medical, engineering and educational applications. The models are used to solve the issues in all the domains. Educational systems are used top down, bottom up, Gap Analysis model in the educational learning system. Educational learning process integrated with Lerner, content and the methodology. The Learners and content are same in the educational system or similar courses but the teaching methodologies are differing one with another. The determinations of teaching methodologies are based on the factors related to that particular model or subject. The learning model influencing determinations are made by the surveys, analysis and observation of data to maximize the learning outcome. This paper attempted to evaluate the SNE learners cognitive using NASA Scaling.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.397-414
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• 2022

This study tried to explore and understand the meaning, and the properties of noticing. The result of this study were first, the difference in mathematical noticing is distinguished in either the object which is paid attention is different or the object is same but differently interpreted or react. The cause of each difference could be described as mathematical objects such as conceptual objects and perceptual features. Second, teachers' teaching strategies, which narrow the gap in attention and play a key role in the formation of mathematical meaning, appeared in various places. This teaching strategy was implemented to distract students' attention. This study confirmed that the mathematical attention of teachers and students in math classes will differ depending on the object to which they pay attention, and that difference will be narrowed through teacher's discourse practice and teaching strategies through communication strategies.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

Cause-related Marketing (CrM) has become an increasingly popular marketing approach over the past two decades. However, neither researchers nor organizations fully understand the determinants of a successful CrM partnership. This research fills this gap. Specifically, we employ the schema theory to explore circumstances in which the CrM alliance cannot achieve a success. We use a theoretical modeling approach to report that, when consumers' typicality-based cognitive process is assumed, the CrM activity with the partners' more-discrepant attribute profile cannot be evaluated favorably, but the attribute-level uncertainty about the CrM alliance is less likely to feedback to the two partners. Furthermore, we argue that, under the schema-plus-tag model, consumers may not like the CrM program with a similar attribute profile. Therefore, this CrM approach may fail. To our knowledge, we are the first to apply the schema theory to explain how a CrM alliance can achieve a success.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.19-44
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• 2017

Researchers do not fully understand consumers' responses to negative co-branding events; thus, they report inconsistent evidence regarding the negative impact on the partnering brands. Our research bridges a gap in this research stream, and answers an important question: When a service failure occurs, could the two different models of consumers' brand schema change affect their negative perception of each brand partner? By using a theoretical and mathematical modeling approach, we offer two propositions. The first proposition shows that, under consumers' book-keeping cognitive process, the negative spillover effect occurs for both brands. The second proposition argues that, when the sub-typing model is assumed, it is possible that one brand suffers while the other escapes the blame for the failure. To our knowledge, this is one of the first few studies to identify circumstances in which a negative spillover effect may or may not occur to brand partners in co-branding service failures.