• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.351-359
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• 2014

For identifying the plasmid DNA coding cry gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai KB098 with high insecticidal activity against Spodoptera exigua, mutant isolates with no crystal protein were produced by $42^{\circ}C$ incubation condition and then mutant plasmid DNA band patterns were compared with those of KB098. KB098 isolates had 4 cry genes, cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C, cry1D, and also had been found seven plasmid DNA. Though the SDS-PAGE experiment, it was confirmed that mutant didn't produce 130~145kDa protein band involved in bipyramidal shape crystal. Also, five mutant isolates had no cry genes coding plasmid DNA in PCR. In result of comparison the plasmid DNA of KB098 and 5 mutant isolates, only 1 plasmid DNA band was left out in mutant plasmid DNA pattern, so that the missing band was extracted from the gel. The missing(disappeared) plasmid DNA was the largest molecular size among the 7 plasmid DNA of KB098 and it was also confirmed this plasmid DNA had all 4 cry genes through PCR.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.42-49
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• 1989

A new integrated coding method is proposed in this study for embedding the text information including Hangul into an image. A monochrome analog image may be quantized to a few leveled digital image and be displayed on bi-leveled output devices by using halftone processing techniques. Text data are embedded on each micro pattern. Based on this concept, the encoding and the decoding algorithm are implemented and experiments are performed. As a result, the average amount of the embedded text information is more than 8 bpp (bits per pixer) in this halftone processed image converted form a $64{\times}64$ image, i.e, corresponding to 2000 characters in Hangul, or 4000 characters in alphanumeral. using this algorithm, the integrated personal record management system is implemented.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.106-111
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• 2011

This paper presents an ASIP (Application-specific Instruction Processor) for motion estimation that employs specific IME instructions and its programmable and reconfigurable hardware architecture for various video codecs, such as H.264/AVC, MPEG4, etc. With the proposed specific instructions and hardware accelerator, it can handle the real-time processing requirement of High Definition (HD) video. With the parallel operations and SAD unit control using pattern information, the proposed IME instruction supports not only full search algorithm but also other fast search algorithms. The hardware size is 77K gates for each Processing Element Group (PEG) which has 256 SAD PEs. The proposed ASIP runs at 160MHz with sixteen PEGs and it can handle 1080p@30 frame in real time.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.197-209
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• 2002

If we reduce the number of vertexes to decrease bit rate in polygon-based shape coding, the distortion of approximated contour increases rapidly. On the other hand, if we reduce the distortion, the number of vertexes increases rapidly and many bits are required to encode the vertexes. To improve this problem, in this paper we propose the approximation vertex search method. The encoder in the proposed method searches the type of distortion patterns that is the most similar to the shape which polygon edge and contour segment form and then encodes it. And then, the decoder mathematically finds the approximated vertexes from decoded distortion pattern information. Therefore, the proposed algorithm results in encoding many vertexes at a low bit rate and having the smoother shape than conventional method. As shown in computer simulation, the proposed method has less distortion than conventional method. It costs less bit rate by $10{\sim}20%$ than conventional algorithm in same distortion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.597-599
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• 2010

In this paper, by considering the real UWA channel environments, the measured channel data is used to generate the UWA channel model and calculate the relative parameters for underwater OFDM systems. Practical least square (LS) based channel estimation with linear interpolation are adopted to obtain the channel state information (CSI) at receiver side. As multi-input multi-output (MIMO) processing techniques, Alamouti code is implemented and evaluated to perform for space time block coding (STBC) and space frequency block coding (SFBC) for UWA OFDM systems with the MIMO configuration of $2{\times}1$, at the same time, $1{\times}2$ maximum ratio combining (MRC) is performed for the purpose of comparison. The simulation results show that, with perfect channel estimation, SFBC failed to work duo to the serious frequency selectivity of UWA channel environments. When the practical channel estimation is applied, in the case of STBC, the proposed 4-column pilot pattern gives better performance about 7dB than SISO system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.12
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• pp.10-19
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• 1999

Cellular Automata Neural Systems(CANS) are neural networks based on biological development and evolution. Each neuron of CANS has local connection and acts as a form of pulse according to the dynamics of the chaotic neuron. CANS are generated from initial cells according to the CA rule. In the previous study, to obtain the useful ability of CANS, we make the pattern of initial cells evolve. However, it is impossible to represent all solution space, so we propose an evolving method of CA rule to overcome this defect in this paper. DNA coding has the redundancy and overlapping of gene and is apt for the representation of the rule. In this paper, we show the general expression of CA rule and propose translation method from DNA code to CA rule. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme was verified by applying it to the navigation problem of autonomous mobile robot.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2011

In this paper, we first analyze the differences of underwater acoustic (UWA) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems and conventional terrestrial OFDM system, and give a simple introduction of the backgrounds. By considering the real UWA channel environments, the measured channel data is used to generate the UWA channel model and calculate the relative parameters for underwater OFDM systems. Practical least square (LS) based channel estimation with linear interpolation are adopted to obtain the channel state information (CSI) at receiver side. As multi-input multi-output (MIMO) processing techniques, Alamouti code is implemented and evaluated to perform for space time block coding (STBC) and space frequency block coding (SFBC) for UWA OFDM systems with the MIMO configuration of $2{\times}1$, at the same time, $1{\times}2$ maximum ratio combining (MRC) is performed for the purpose of comparison. The simulation results show that, with perfect channel estimation, SFBC failed to work duo to the serious frequency selectivity of UWA channel environments. When the practical channel estimation is applied, in the case of STBC, the proposed 4-column pilot pattern gives better performance about 7dB than SISO system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.58-65
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• 2011

This paper presents an ASIP (Application-specific Instruction Processor) for motion estimation that employs specific IME instructions and its programmable and reconfigurable hardware architecture for various video codecs, such as H.264/AVC, MPEG4, etc. With the proposed specific instructions and variable point 2D SAD hardware accelerator, it can handle the real-time processing requirement of High Definition (HD) video. With the SAD unit and its parallel operations using pattern information, the proposed IME instructions support not only full search algorithms but also other fast search algorithms. The hardware size is 25.5K gates for each Processing Element Group (PEG) which has 128 SAD Processor Elements (PEs). The proposed ASIP has been verified by the Synopsys Processor Designer and implemented by the Design Compiler using the IBM 90nm process technology. The hardware size is 453K gates for the IME unit and the operating frequency is 188MHz for 1080p@30 frame in real time. The proposed ASIP can reduce the hardware size about 26% and the number of operation cycles about 18%.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38A no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2013

The use of an error-correcting code is essential in communication systems where the channel is noisy. When channel coding parameters are unknown at a receiver side, decoding becomes difficult. To perform decoding without the channel coding information, we should estimate the parameters. In this paper, we introduce a method to reconstruct the generator polynomial of BCH(Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem) codes based on the idea that the generator polynomial is compose of minimal polynomials and BCH code is cyclic code. We present a probability compensation method to improve the reconstruction performance. This is based on the concept that a random data pattern can also be divisible by a minimal polynomial of the generator polynomial. And we confirm the performance improvement through an intensive computer simulation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

Motion Estimation(ME) has been developed to reduce the redundant data in digital video signal. ME is an important part of video encoding system, However, it requires huge computational complexity of the encoder part, and fast motion search methods have been proposed to reduce huge complexity. Multi- view video is obtained by capturing on a three-dimensional scene with many cameras at different positions and its complexity increases in proportion to the number of cameras. In this paper, we proposed an efficient motion method which chooses a search pattern adaptively by using the temporal-spatial correlation of the block and the characteristics of the block. Experiment results show that the computational complexity reduction of the proposed method over TZ search method and FS method can be up to 70~75% and 99% respectively while keeping similar image quality and bit rates.