• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.185-195
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• 2020

The study investigates the impact of globalization on coal consumption in Vietnam. This study employs an autoregressed distributed lag approach on time series data for the period of 1990 to 2017. The study tests the stationary, cointegration of time series data and utilizes autoregressed distributed lag modeling technique to determine the short-run and long-run relationship among coal consumption, globalization, income, population, and CO₂ emissions. The results show that globalization increases coal consumption in Vietnam in the long run. The results also show that rapid economic growth promotes more coal consumption in the short run as well as in the long run. Moreover, higher population reduces coal consumption, and CO₂ emissions decrease coal consumption both in the short run and the long run. The findings of the study suggest that globalization increases coal consumption in Vietnam in the long run. This result suggests that the increase in globalization level in Vietnam increases coal consumption. An interesting finding is that higher population reduces coal consumption, and population is an important factor towards the lessening in coal consumption. The findings confirm that environmental pollution decreases coal consumption in the short run and the long run. This implies that coal consumption may be green consumption in Vietnam.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1996

Coal consumption in Asia is projected to increase by about 1.3 billion tons over the 1993-2010 period. The expansion in coal consumption for electricity generation is the dominant factor in the large increase in coal consumption. Without effective control measures, the projected increase in coal consumption will have a serious impact on environmental effects of increased coal use in Asia. Thus, the introduction of appropriate CCTs is considered essential to achieving the twin goals of expanded use of coal decreased environmental impacts.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.127-142
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• 2017

After individual consumption tax on bituminous coal has been imposed by Korean government after 2014 Jul, we analyse the influence of tax and conclude that the consumption of high calorie coal has been increased and that of low/middle calorie coal has been decreased. And also, the average calorie of coal consumption has been increased and the more fuel cost happens on account of the average calorie increase. Those effects have been caused by the current tax imposition system which does not reflect the bituminous coal trait. The motivation of oversea resource development and the effort of coal blending skill have been decreased because of the current tax policy. We suggest 2 ways of the tax policy improvement system[1. tax imposition system in proportion to 5,000kcal/kg, 2. 15 stages(1 stage : 200kcal/kg) segmentation tax imposition system equal to the tax/(5,000kcal/kg)] to increase the current tax amount, to prevent the coal consumption distortion and to remove the further fuel cost.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.513-520
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• 2016

Korea's energy consumption has been constantly increasing. Final energy consumption was increased by an annual average of 2.9% compared to 2010. The consumption of all energy sources except for its oil was increased during the same time. While electric demand has increased coal consumption increased rapidly. Therefore, calorfic value and carbon emission factor development can improve the quality of Korea's greenhouse gas inventory. Calorific value is the amount of heat generated while burning coal. Caloric value is one of the most important factors in the development of carbon emission factors. Calorific value is used as the basis for the analysis of the various energy statistics. This study has calculated the other bituminous coal and coking coal's calorfic value by the data received from domestic coal-fired power plants and steel manufacturer. Calorofic value's trend analysis period is the year of 2010~2014. Through analyzing the carbon content it was calculated the carbon emission factor. The bituminous coal and coking coal's uncertainty analysis was performed using a Monte Carlo simulation.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2017

Korea's energy consumption has been constantly increasing. Final energy consumption was increased by anannual average of 2.9% compared to 2010. The consumption of all energy sources except for its oil was increased during the same time. While electric demand has increased coal consumption increased rapidly. Therefore, calorfic value and carbon emission factor development can improve the quality of Korea's greenhouse gas inventory. Calorific value is the amount of heat generated while burning coal. Caloric value is one of the most important factors in the development of carbon emission factors. Calorific value is used as the basis for the analysis of the various energy statistics. This study has calculated the sub-bituminous coal's calorfic value by the data received from domestic coal-fired power plants. Calorofic value's trend analysis period is the year of 2011~2015. Through analyzing the carbon content it was calculated the carbon emission factor. The sub-bituminous coal's uncertainty analysis was performed using a Monte Carlo simulation.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.409-419
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• 2016

As a major energy consumption province, the issue about the carbon emissions in Hebei Province, China has been concerned by the government. The carbon emissions can be effectively reduced due to a more rational energy consumption structure. Thus, in this paper the constraint of low carbon emissions is considered as a foundation and four energies--coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity including wind power, nuclear power and hydro-power etc are selected as the main analysis objects of the adjustment of energy structure. This paper takes energy cost minimum and carbon trading cost minimum as the objective functions based on the economic growth, energy saving and emission reduction targets and constructs an optimization model of energy consumption structure. And empirical research about energy consumption structure optimization in 2015 and 2020 is carried out based on the energy consumption data in Hebei Province, China during the period 1995-2013, which indicates that the energy consumption in Hebei dominated by coal cannot be replaced in the next seven years, from 2014 to 2020, when the coal consumption proportion is still up to 85.93%. Finally, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward, according to the results of the energy structure optimization in Hebei Province.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.295-303
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• 2022

This study investigates the impact of globalization, coal consumption, and economic growth on CO₂ emissions in Malaysia by applying the Kuznets Environmental Curve model. The study employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag modeling technique on time series data over the period of 1970-2018 to determine the short and long-run relationship between CO₂ emissions and a number of variables, including globalization, coal consumption, and economic growth. The results show that globalization increase CO₂ emissions in both the short and long run in Malaysia. Furthermore, the results reveal that economic growth and coal consumption degrade the environmental quality by accelerating the CO₂ emissions in the short-run and long run. As a result, the findings validate the Kuznets Environmental Curve hypothesis of an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO₂ emissions in the long run for Malaysia. The findings of this study suggest that higher globalization levels and usage of coal consumption degrade the environmental quality in Malaysia. The findings also indicate the effect of economic growth on environmental degradation is positive at the initial stage but improves after the economy achieves a threshold level of income per capita in the economic development process with an inverted U-shaped pattern in the long run.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.137.2-137.2
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• 2010

With current real economic growth of more than 10% per year, the Chinese energy consumption is rapidly increasing. Coal supply consists of the vast majority of China's total energy consumption requirements in 2008. China, the largest energy consumer, is expected to be heavily dependent on coal for future power generation, too (IEA,2009). A growing concern on global warming, on the other hand, drives Chinese government to declare her commitment to the reduction of CO2 emission by 2020. In this paper, China's energy market is examined for the current and future primary energy mix. Coal is found to be the biggest part accounting for 68.7% of total primary energy consumption while coal-fired power accounts for over 80% of the total power generation. The importance of Clean Coal Technology is being discussed based on the findings of the importance of coal in China's economy and its sustainable development. Among the technologies involved, a brief investigation of IGCC(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) technology with a review on current IGCC projects in China are provided from the perspective of environmental benefits. Studies on regional Chinese power market is also conducted. It is found that the regulated power tariff in electricity system makes the power suppliers suffer from financial loss and changes in the electricity price system is under serious consideration by Chinese government. Even though Chinese power market system causes difficulties of commercialization for IGCC technology, the potential benefits will be high due to China's huge requirements of power generating capacity and its heavy reliance on coal if the electricity price system can be changed smoothly.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.100-105
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• 2005

Two species of fish and five species of marine invertebrate showed different tolerances to the toxicity of composite slag and bituminaus coal. Especially, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus and young Haliotis discus hannai displayed marked differences in tolerance from. H. pulcherrimus and young H. discus hannai showed lethal effects at higher concentrations than those concentrations of the composite slag in the 1.0 and $0.4\%$ range, respectively. H. pulcherrimus showed no lethal effects at a lower concentration of $1.0\%$ composite slag and some differences in the rate of oxygen consumption with this concentration of composite slag. The lethal effects of bituminous coal on marine and fisheries organisms, even with higher concentrations, were not observed. At a higher concentration than that of 500 mg/L (ppm) of bituminous coal, decrease effects appeared in the rate of oxygen consumption of the experimental organisms. Taking into consideration that the experimental concentration of composite slag and bituminous coal were impracticable in the ocean, the results of this experiment suggest that composite slag and bituminous coal pose no real threat to marine or fisheries organisms.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.282-292
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• 2006

Various kinds of coals are supplied for coal fired power plants as the coal market situations are fluctuated with the high prices of oil and coals over the world. The quality of coal is decreasing as coal consumption increased and some specifications of coals are out of boiler design criteria. It could make combustion troubles such as coal clogging, spontaneous combustion, coal firing in the coal handling equipments, ash slag and clinker issues, etc. This paper covers combustion troubles, issues and countermeasures in the biggest coal fired power plant in Korea.