• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.90 no.4
• /
• pp.558-564
• /
• 2001

For the study of morphological variation in winter buds of Q. variabilis $B_L$. natural populations in Korea, 16 populations were selected through the country in consideration of latitude, longitude, altitude, and geographical characters. Thirty trees were randomly selected from each population and 30 terminal and 30 lateral buds were sampled below 1/3 crown length of each tree. Four morphological characters including length and width of terminal and lateral buds were measured. 1. Length and width of terminal and lateral buds were in the ranges 6.9~11.3cm, 3.0~3.7cm, 6.1~8.9cm, and 2.5~3.1cm, respectively. The coefficient of variation were in about 20% in all the characters investigated. 2. All the characters were significantly different among populations as well as among individuals within populations. The degree of contribution of variance among individuals within populations was higher than that among populations. 3. Length of terminal bud showed positive correlation with length and width of lateral bud; and width of lateral bud with width of terminal bud and length of lateral bud. Also, positive correlations were observed between longitude and width of terminal bud, between latitude and length of terminal and lateral bud. 4. Cluster analysis using complete linkage method for winter bud characters showed two groups to Euclidean distance 3.4. They were group I of population 8 and group II of populations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. However, group II was divided into two at Euclidean distance 1.5 that are a group including populations 1, 2, 7, 9, and 11(groupII-1) and the other group including populations 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16(groupII-2).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.211-226
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this paper was to ensure the basis for effective management of Tricholoma matsutake mountain province, to perform biotope mapping of Pinus densiflora based on growth environment of Tricholoma matsutake, target a cluster of Yangyang-gun, Kang Won-do. Study Methods were to review on growth and environmental characteristics of Tricholoma matsutake through internal and external documents and to identify vegetational structure and soil characteristics. This paper studied growth structure and soil environment of Pinus densiflora forest where a farm of production area for Tricholoma matsutake of in order to set the standard of Pinus densiflora biotope. Mapping standards were derived by separating of landform conditions, soil conditions, vegetation conditions. Biotope types were divided into possible production area for Tricholoma matsutake and potential production area for Tricholoma matsutake, possible production area for Tricholoma matsutake were Pinus densiflora biotope in landform and soil structure that enables Tricholoma matsutake production and Single-layered Pinus densiflora biotope of less than 30cm(DBH)-Tree species that other shrub is dominant in shrub layer, Multi-layered Pinus densiflora biotope that Pinus densiflora forest was predominant in understrory layer. Potential production area for Tricholoma matsutake were single-layered Pinus densiflora biotope of more than 30cm(DBH) in landform that enables Tricholoma matsutake production, Pinus densiflora biotope with Quercus predominant in the understrory layer, single-layered Pinus densiflora biotope with Quercus predominant in shrub layer, inappropriate vegetation structure area that the induction of production of Tricholoma matsutake was possible through future vegetation management. According to the research results, Pinus densiflora forest were divided into 16 types; 6 types of possible Tricholoma matsutake production areas, 9 potential Tricholoma matsutake production areas and 16 types of areas where Tricholoma matsutake production was impossible. Possible production areas account for 15.48%, or $9.8km^2$ out of the total Pinus densiflora forest while potential production areas take up 32.42%, or $20.52km^2$, and areas where Tricholoma matsutake production was impossible was 52.10%, or $32.97km^2$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.65 no.3
• /
• pp.231-240
• /
• 2020

This research was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical properties, antioxidant components, and their activities for more taking advantage of small redbean cultivars. Seed size, 100 seeds weight, and hardness on the 8 cultivars were measured. The free sugar and crude protein contents were evaluated using HPLC and protein analyzer, respectively. Amylose content, antioxidant components, and activities were analyzed by spectrophotometer. The range of 100 seeds weight and hardness were 12.55-18.81 g and 9,527.38-14,341.25 gf, respectively. Total free sugar, amylose, and crude protein were showed 22.49-31.07 mg/g, 13.53-15.67%, and 21.27-23.30%, respectively. The cultivar 'Hongeon' was higher antioxidant component and activity more than others. In clustering the cultivars based on the results, the tree showed four major clades. The 'Huinnarae' group was high in total free sugar and amylose content. The 'Hongeon' group were high in 100 seeds weight, antioxidant component. and activity, while amylose content was lower than that in the other groups. The results of the cultivars can be utilized for research of functional materials. The findings of this study will provide valuable information for expansion of functional food industry related on small redbean.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2000

The flora, vegetation structure and physico-chemical characteristics of surface sediment were investigated in Paksil-nup wetland of Hapcheon-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea in 1990~1998. Ranges of the surface sediment characteristics such as pH, conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable K, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg, and exchangeable Na were 4.36~4.34, $19.0{\sim}1260.0\;{\mu}mho\;cm^{-1}$, 0.01~6.35%, 0.001~0.14%, 0.01~0.31 mg/l00g, 1.01~13.98 ppm, 16.75~143.80 ppm, 0.93~14.85 ppm and 0.21~3.86 ppm, respectively. Percentages of the particle size such as sand, silt, and clay were 13.0~93.3%, 5.4~71.7%, and 0.5~37.5%, respectively. The flora of the study area was composed of 72 families, 182 genera, 223 species, 36 varieties and 2 form or total 261 kinds, and those were 45 kinds of vascular hydrophytes and 216 kinds of vascular hygrophytes. The life form of vascular hydrophytes was classified as 27 kinds (60%) of emergent plants, 8 kinds (18%) of submerged plants, 6 kinds (13%) of free-floating plants and 4 kinds (9%) of floating-leaved plants, respectively. The importance value of Salix nipponica was highest as 123.78 in the shrub and tree layers, and that of Trapa japonica was highest as 16.69 in the herb layer. The vegetation type was divided into two groups according to the association analysis. The vegetation of the littoral zone was classified into 7 associations according to the cluster analysis based on the coverage data. These results showed significant differences with those of stand ordination by correspondence analysis based on the species composition and by PCA based on the sediment properties. Factors affecting the distribution of the vascular hydrophytes and hygrophytes were the gradient of particle size, altitude, and water depth.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.22 no.11
• /
• pp.1493-1499
• /
• 2012

The level of genetic variation and relationships in three native Korean goat populations (Dangjin, Jangsu, and Tongyeong) as well as the populations of a farm were analyzed, based on 30 microsatellite markers. A total of 277 distinct alleles were observed across the four goat populations, and 102 (36.8%) of these alleles were unique to only one population. The mean observed heterozygosity and polymorphism information content were calculated as 0.461~0.651 and 0.462~0.679, respectively. In the NJ tree constructed based on Nei's $D_A$ genetic distance, the four populations represented four distinct groups. However, the genetic distances between each Korean native goat population and the farm population were two times those among the three native Korean breeds. The genetic structure within the three Korean native goat populations was also investigated. Cluster analysis, using the STRUCTURE software, suggested three clusters. The molecular information of genetic diversity and relationships in this study will be useful for the evaluation, conservation, and utilization of native Korean goat breeds as genetic resources.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2010

Lentinus lepideus, known as train wrecker fungus, has been used for nutritional and medicinal purposes. Recently, commercial cultivation technique and a new cultivar of the mushroom were developed. To investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship for identifying the mushroom strains and cultivar, one commercial and 13 strains of Lentinus lepideus from different geographical regions of Korea were analyzed by ITS regions of rDNA and RAPD of genomic DNA. Three strains of Lentinus edodes were also used for the analysis. The size of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of rDNA from the different strains varied from 173 to 179 bp and 203 to 205 bp, respectively. The sequence of ITS1 was more variable than that of ITS2, while the 5.8S sequences were identical with 156 base pairs. A phylogenetic tree based on the ITS region sequences indicated that selected strains could be classified into four clusters, while 3 strains of L. edodes was divided into a new cluster. Ten primers out of 20 arbitrary primers used in the RAPD-PCR efficiently amplified the genomic DNA. The numbers of amplified DNA bands varied with the primers and strains, with polymorphic DNA fragments in the range from 0.2 to 2.6 kb. The results showed that phylogenetic relationship among Korean strains of Lentnus lepideus is high, but genetic diversity is low.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.384-395
• /
• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the environment factors including community structure and soil characteristics in the wild habitats of Cephalotaxus koreana, and offers the basic information for habitats conservation and restoration. Most of the wild habitats were located at altitudes between 148~835 m with inclinations ranged as $12{\sim}32^{\circ}$. The average soil pH was 4.7~5.9, soil organic matter was 5.72~15.99%, cation exchange capacity was $14.1{\sim}19.9cmolc/kg^{-1}$ and exchangeable $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$ was 0.25~0.48 cmolc/kg, 0.79~6.68 cmolc/kg, 0.31~1.73 cmolc/kg, respectively. The dominant species of tree layer were found to be dominated by Quercus dentata in Jekbo-san (C1), Acer pictum in Bogae-san (C2), Acer pseudosieboldianum in Geumwon-san (C3), Q. serrata in Jiri-san (C4), Zelkova serrata in Baegun-san (C5), and Q. acutissima in Duryun-san (C6). The Species diversity (H') was 0.854~1.234, evenness (J') was 0.654~0.993, and dominance (D) was found to be 0.067~0.346. Correlation coefficients analysis based on environmental factors, community structure and value of species diversity shows that growth of Cephalotaxus koreana is correlated with species diversity and evenness. This result show that Cephalotaxus koreana habitats located in mature stands.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.106-114
• /
• 2009

In maize, knowledge of genetic diversity and genetic relationships among elite inbred lines is an significant impact on the selection of parental lines for hybrid varieties. Genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 11 parental inbred lines of Korean waxy and normal corn varieties were analyzed using 50 SSR markers distributed over the whole genome. A total of 171 allele bands were detected with an average of 3.4 alleles per locus. Number of allele bands per locus ranged from two to six and gene diversity varied from 0.165 to 0.900 with an average of 0.596 depending on the SSR loci. The cluster tree recognized three major groups with 61.6% genetic similarity. Group I includes 7 inbred lines (KL103, HW1, HW4, HW6, HW7, HW8, HW9), with similarity coefficients of between 0.616 and 0.730. Group II includes 2 inbred lines (HF1, HF2), with similarity coefficients of 0.959. Group III includes 2 inbred lines (HW3, HW5), with similarity coefficients of 0.713. The present study indicates that the SSR markers chosen for this analysis are effective for the assessment of genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 11 parental inbred lines.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.430-441
• /
• 2011

Maize is divided into two types based on the starch composition of the endosperm in the seed, normal maize(or non-waxy maize) and waxy maize. In this study, genetic diversity and population structure were investigated among 80 waxy maize and normal inbred lines(40 waxy maize inbred lines and 40 normal maize inbred lines) using 50 SSR markers. A total of 242 alleles were identified at all the loci with an average of 4.84 and a range between 2 and 9 alleles per locus. The gene diversity values varied from 0.420 to 0.854 with an average of 0.654. The PIC values varied from 0.332 to 0.838 with an average of 0.602. To evaluate the population structure, STRUCTURE 2.2 program was employed to confirm genetic structure. The 80 waxy and normal maize inbred lines were separated with based on the membership probability threshold 0.8, and divided into groups I, II and admixed group. The 13 waxy maize inbred lines were assigned to group I. The 45 maize inbred lines including 7 waxy maize inbred lines and 38 normal maize inbred lines were assigned to group II. The 22 maize inbred lines with 20 waxy maize inbred lines and 2 normal maize inbred lines were contained in the admixed group. The cluster tree generated using the described SSR markers recognized three major groups at 31.7% genetic similarity. Group I included 40 waxy maize inbred lines and 11 normal maize inbred lines, and Group II included 27 normal maize inbred lines. Group III consist of only 2 normal maize inbred lines. The present study has demonstrated the utility of SSR analysis for the study of genetic diversity and the population structure among waxy and normal maize inbred lines. The information obtained from the present studies would be very useful for designing efficient maize breeding programs in Maize Experiment Station, Kangwon Agricultural Research and Extension Services.