• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2009

For the successful guided bone regeneration(GBR) of maxillary bony defect, proper soft tissue coverage is one of the most important things. Soft tissue dehiscence can be most common reason of osseous reconstruction failure. If a vascular supply to the graft should not develop from the host tissue, then the graft may also foil. Both of these prerequisites can be aided by judicious use of the buccal fat pad(BFP). Many methods for adequate soft tissue coverage have been proposed and the use of the BFP is one of them. BFP is useful in posterior maxillary area, can cover larger area and have higher blood flow than other methods. so the use of the BFP may offer protection and early blood supply to maxillary bone graft. This report describes the history, anatomy, blood flow, and clinical usefulness with two clinical cases.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2021

As glucocorticoids are well-known as important regulators of stress and the immune system, their function and clinical use have elicited substantial interest in the field of reproduction. In particular, the effect of glucocorticoid therapy on endometrial receptivity during assisted reproduction, including in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, has led to a great deal of interest and controversy. However, previous studies have not been able to provide consistent and reliable evidence due to their small, non-controlled designs and use of different criteria. Considering the potential risk of exposure to glucocorticoids for mothers and fetuses in early pregnancy, the use of glucocorticoids in IVF cycles should be carefully evaluated, including the balance between risk and benefit. To date, there is no conclusive evidence that the use of glucocorticoids improves the pregnancy rate in IVF cycles with unselected subjects, and a further investigation should be considered with a proper study design.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2005

Present article reviews about clinical pharmacology of mycophenolic acid (MPA), the active form of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), as widely used component of immunosuppressive regimens in the organ transplantation field. MMF, used alone or concomitantly with cyclosporine or tacrolimus, has approved in reducing the incidence of acute rejection and has gained widespread use in solid organ such as kidney, heart and liver transplantation. The application of MPA and development of MMF has shown a considerable impact on immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplantation as a new immunosuppressive agent with different mechanism of action from other drugs after early 1990s. In particular aspect, use of MMF, a morpholinoethyl ester of MPA, represented a significant advance in the prevention of organ allograft rejection as well as allograft and patient survival. In considering MMF clinical data, it is important to note that there is a strong correlation between high MPA area under curve(AUC) values and a low probability of acute allograft rejection. Individual trials have shown that MMF is generally well tolerated and revealed that MMF decreased the relative risk of developing chronic allograft rejection compared with azathioprine. Recent clinical investigations suggested that improved effectiveness and tolerability will results from the incorporation of MPA therapeutic drug monitoring into routine clinical practice, providing effective MMF dose individualization in renal and heart transplant patients. Therefore, MMF has a selective immunosuppressive effect with minimal toxicity and has shown to be more effective that other agents as next step of immunosuppressive agents and regimens that deliver effective graft protection and immunosuppression along with a more favorable side effect.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2022

The use of earphones has recently been widely used around the world. In currently, students wear earphones a lot in a daily life. The types of earphones are open-earphones, Canalphones, and headphones. Many students don't periodically to sterilization their earphones. Therefore, it can be an incubator that can induced ear infections. The objective of this study was to detect the pathogenic bacteria from the earphones used by the students. A total of 3 type earphones swabs were collected by sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were inoculated onto BHI agar and incubated aerobically 48 hour at 37℃. 16s rRNA PCR, electrophoresis and sequencing were performed to confirm the identification of all the bacterial isolates. As a result, 24 pathogens were identified in sequencing. Three types of earphones were sterilized in three ways: ultraviolet (UV), 70% ethyl alcohol, and antibacterial wet tissue. If you use earphones for a long time without disinfecting them for a long time, it causes various diseases such as external ear infections. The findings of this study the users periodically to sterilization their respective earphones.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2011

Purpose: This study examines the effects of integrating Evidence Based Practice (EBP) into a critical care clinical practicum on nursing students' access and use of information resources and EBP competency. Methods: A one-group pretest-posttest design was used. Fifty senior nursing school students from a university participated. A critical care clinical practicum combined with EBP consisted of six full days of clinical practicum in intensive care units with EBP education. Group and individual training in EBP skills, lectures, small group discussion and conferences were provided. Data were analyzed using paired t tests for 50 participants. Results: The scores of evidence based practice competency increased significantly (p<.001) showing significant improvement in searching and classifying the evidence. Nursing students' access and use of research evidence improved (p=.004). Conclusion: This study showed that the integration of EBP into a clinical practicum was effective in improving accessibility and usefulness in research evidence such as guidelines and research articles, and increasing EBP competency in undergraduate students.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.246-256
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• 2011

Purpose: With the decrease in available clinical sites, a decrease in adequately prepared clinical faculty, and demand to prepare health care students to begin work, we need alternative methods to teach clinical skills for health care professionals. The use of simulation as an educational process that can replicate clinical practices is becoming popular in nursing. Therefore, this study was conducted to review directions of simulation-based learning in nursing education. Methods: A systematic review of quantitative studies was undertaken using Medline, KERIS, and KISS. The primary search terms were simulation and nursing. Reference lists from relevant papers and the websites of relevant nursing organizations were also searched. Nine studies met inclusion criteria and were analyzed in detail. Results: All studies reported simulation as a valid teaching/learning strategy. Six of the studies (66.7%) showed that simulation technology was a practical and successful model to use in teaching a variety of clinical skills for nursing students and nurses. Conclusion: Simulation may have some advantages over other teaching methods, depending on the scenario, context, topic, and method. Further study is needed to determine the effect of team size on learning and to develop a universal method of outcome measurement.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.67-82
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• 2022

The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 led to inconsistent public health policies that resulted in COVID-19 containment failure. These factors resulted in increased hospitalization and death. To prevent viral spread and achieve herd immunity, the only safe and effective measure is to provide to vaccinates. Ever since the release of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleotide sequence in January of 2020, research centers and pharmaceutical companies from many countries have developed different types of vaccines including mRNA, recombinant protein, and viral vector vaccines. Prior to initiating vaccinations, phase 3 clinical trials are necessary. However, no vaccine has yet to complete a phase 3 clinical trial. Many products obtained "emergency use authorization" from governmental agencies such as WHO, FDA etc. The Korean government authorized the use of five different vaccines. The viral vector vaccine of Oxford/AstraZeneca and the Janssen showed effectiveness of 76% and 66.9%, respectively. The mRNA vaccine of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna showed effectiveness of 95% and 94.1%, respectively. The protein recombinant vaccine of Novavax showed an effectiveness of 90.4%. In this review, we compared the characteristics, production platform, synthesis principles, authorization, protective effects, immune responses, clinical trials and adverse effects of five different vaccines currently used in Korea. Through this review, we conceptualize the importance of selecting the optimal vaccine to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.18-28
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• 2003

An appropriate parent role model for alcohol, tobacco and other drug abuse prevention in adolescence was designed as part of a comprehensive effort to reduce the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs by underage youth. The content of the model offers a new and positive chemical health model. The model calls for development of a set of guidelines that can provide the framework for examining alcohol, tobacco and other drug use. The actions of adults in the community, especially parents, are very important factors in whether or not youth use chemicals. So these guidelines can be used to assist parents and other adults with questions such as, what can we say to young people about using alcohol, tobacco or other drugs except that it's against the law? At what age and times are discussions appropriate? What can we do to make our community a healthier place in which young people can make better decisions about alcohol, tobacco and other drug use? The model acknowledges and affirms the legal and appropriate use of alcohol and other drugs as well as supports the decision not to drink. It encourages participants to consider their own guidelines for using and not using alcohol and other drugs. The guidelines can also be used as the basis for early intervention when use is illegal, unhealthy or risky. It is important to note that the model affirms healthy and appropriate use as well as nonuse.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2009

In July 2008, The National Police Hospital has developed the CPOE system(Computerized Physician Order Entry system) which links the medicine master and introduced the new program for the injectable antimicrobial agents. After introducing new system, we wanted to check the management of oral antimicrobial agents. Because new system has limitation that new system control only the use of the injectable antimicrobial agents. So we tried to evaluate the use of oral levofloxacin, which was chosen by a medical specialist of the infection. We retrospectively analyzed the appropriateness of oral levofloxacin through EMR(Electric Medical Record) of 72 inpatients who received oral levofloxacin in National Police Hospital in December 2008. We applied the modified ASHP(American Society of Health- System Pharmacists) DUE(Drug Use Evaluation) criteria, which is composed of justification of drug use, critical indicators, complications and outcome measures. Acceptable cases of use of levofloxacin were 67(93.01%) and 57cases(79.2%) showed good outcome. However critical indicators were not performed very well. We want to suggest the new system for the management of the medical therapeutics by the pharmacist in charge.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2014

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an emergency ambulance system and to investigate socio-economic and clinical characteristics associated with emergency ambulance service. Methods: Based on 2011 Korea health panel, unmet need and inappropriate use of emergency ambulance service were measured by Gibson in 1977. Furthermore, the factors associated with unmet need and inappropriate use of emergency ambulance service were identified by Fisher's exact tests and multiple logistic regression models. Results: Unmet need, defined as the proportion of emergency patients who clinically need ambulance transportation but do not receive it, was found to be 59.8%. Inappropriate use, defined as the proportion of emergency patient receiving ambulance care who did not clinically need it, was found to be 37.2%. There were statistically significant differences between appropriate and inappropriate groups in overall variables of socio-economic and clinical characteristics. Specifically, gender, age, relationship to household, and reasons of visiting emergency department (accident/disease) were statistically significant factors associated with appropriate use of emergency ambulance service. Conclusion: Unmet ambulance need is a useful measure for patients needs assessment, and inappropriate ambulance use is a valid criteria in judging the efficiency of emergency ambulance system. To improve and understand emergency ambulance system, unmet need and inappropriate use of emergency ambulance service should be more concerned.