• 의학교육논단
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2012

As North Korea passed from the Devotion (Jeongseong) movement to the black market (Jangmadang) system, the medical service system in that country was effectively destroyed. North Korean physicians who have successfully defected to South Korea (North Korean defector physicians, NKDPs) have experienced socio-economic hardships on their way to becoming incorporated into the South Korean medical system due to different medico- social cultures, different (English-based) medical terminology, and the clinical knowledge gap between North and South Korea. Since 2009, we have operated programs at the Seoul Medical Center to help NKDPs prepare for the South Korean medical licensing examination. These programs consist of clinical education at the medical center, personal mentoring, arrangement of educational programs at the medical college, mock tests at the consortium, and administrative aid. Looking forward, we hope to achieve the following: 1) More systematic support plans are needed involving medical education experts, field physicians, and experts on reunification. 2) An evaluation of defector physicians' current medical knowledge may provide information about the areas where supplementary education is most needed and the standards for certificating licenses. 3) In the short term, a customized glossary should be developed to assist defector physicians prepare for the examination. 4) To secure internships and residencies is the most important issue for further sustained training of NKDP physicians to become good clinicians after certification. Hopefully, this short report on the current ongoing educational course will lead to more extensive discussion.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2003

Purpose: To make a contribution to raising the quality of nursing and home healthcare services through reviewing the present state of home healthcare nurse specialist training institutions and education programs and creating concrete measures to establish high-quality education courses. Method: International comparative study of accreditation criteria and curriculum in home healthcare nurse specialist program. Result: The Authorization Standards of home healthcare nurse training institutions consists of 8 items, 23 evaluation criteria and 72 evaluation indexes. Proposal to develop a specialist training program: Curriculum. Modify and complement a present homecare nurse education program. Curriculum I. Designate two forms of certification. The first certification has been granted the authority to serve as a manager and open a home healthcare agency to nurses having masters degrees and clinical experience for five years. The second certification is allowed to perform general home healthcare after having completed a short term training course. Currculum 2. To meet increasing demands, granting a certification to perform home healthcare to registered nurses having clinical experience of more than three years. Conclusion: These results can be utilized in the home healthcare educational program for raising the quality of nurses and home healthcare services.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Purpose. This research is implemented to identify the status of educations about the pricing standard, status of the cognition of the pricing standard, and the solutions to the questions on the pricing standard of the oral health professionals. it will provide the easier accessibility to the annual changes in Dental Health Insurance Standards to the oral health professionals. Methods. The research subjects are the total 204 oral health professionals in limited area, and it was analyzed with structured questionnaires. The collected data is analyzed by IBM SPSS ver. 19.0, a statistical program (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) for the frequency and percentage, and ANOVA. The result is as following Results. The awareness of dental health insurance standard was statistically significant differences by age (p<0.01), career (p<0.001), the prime task (p<0.01), and dental insurance claimants (p<0.05). The awareness of the standard was statistically significant differences by educational training within last 6 months (p<0.05), the cognition of the standard (p<0.001), and solutions for the questions (p<0.05). Conclusions. As the results of the research, it is necessary to develop the educational program under condition of age, career, main task, and better understanding in Dental Health Insurance Standard for oral health professional.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.295-306
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• 2011

기존의 응급의료시스템은 환자에 대한 정확한 임상정보의 획득이 불가능하여 전문 응급 처치의 대부분이 병원 내에서 행해지고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 후송과정에서의 정확한 응급처치를 위해 의료 정보 표준안인 HL7을 기반으로 응급의료 환경에 적합한 의료정보 전달구조를 설계하였다. 설계한 시스템은 표준화된 HL7 메시지를 통해 병원의 의료정보시스템과 영상정보 및 응급의료정보를 공유할 수 있다. 따라서 병원 이송 단계에서 생체 데이터와 과거 환자의 임상정보를 바탕으로 정확한 응급 처치가 가능하다. 또한 본 논문의 시스템은 다른 의료관련 서비스(원격진료, 공동진료, 화상의료회의 등)와의 효율적인 연동을 위해 모든 가능 모듈을 서비스 플랫폼 OSGi를 기반으로 구현하였다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.288-299
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to identify the current issues and challenges of the nursing education program in Cambodia and to suggest recommendations to improve it. Methods: The World Health Organization Global Standards for the Initial Education of Nurses and Midwives were used as the analytic framework. Data were collected through a critical, constructive analysis of the literature, as well as observation with stakeholders in the area. Results: Cambodia experienced a shortage of nurses based on the demands of nurses. Moreover, the lack of institutional capacity, out dated and rudimentary nursing curriculum, under qualified nursing faculty, overcrowded classrooms, and lack of fundamental education materials and equipment for nursing education hampered the maintenance and improvement of the quality of pre-service nursing education in Cambodia. Conclusion: Strengthening the nursing educational resources and infrastructures, along with proper retention and enhancement of the faculty's capacity, clinical mentorship, and sustainable management of the nursing curriculum were recommended. Integrating the nursing theory and process into clinical practice and using strategic partnerships, would improve the quality and quantity of nursing education in Cambodia. There needs to be a synergistic relationship between nursing education and training relevant to the nursing care to meet the needs of the Cambodian population.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2011

Defective synthesis of the steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex has profound effects on human development and homeostasis. Due to the time-consuming chromatography procedure combined with mass spectrometry, the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization method coupled to the linear ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-LTQ-MS/MS) was developed for quantitative analysis of 10 adrenal steroids in human serum. Although MALDI-MS can be introduced for its applicability as a high-throughput screening method, it has a limitation on reproducibility within and between samples, which renders poor reproducibility for quantification. For quantitative MALDI-MS/MS analysis, the stable-isotope labeled internal standards were used and the conditions of crystallization were tested. The precision and accuracy were 3.1~35.5% and 83.8~138.5%, respectively, when a mixture of 10 mg/mL ${\alpha}$-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid in 0.2% TFA of 70% acetonitrile was used as the MALDI matrix. The limit of quantification ranged from 5 to 340 ng/mL, and the linearity as a correlation coefficient was higher than 0.988 for all analytes in the calibration range. Clinical applications include quantitative analyses of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The devised MALDI-MS/MS technique could be successfully applied to diagnosis of clinical samples.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.231-235
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• 2008

Various kinds of antibiotic intramammary infusions are used for treatment of bovine mastitis. As antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increased, the therapeutic rate for bovine mastitis is decreased. The goal of this research is to detect significant synergic effects of combination of antibiotics with sulbactam, $\beta$-lactamase inhibitor, on methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We used 5 strains of MRSA isolated from bovine mastitis with clinical and subclinical signs. All of the bacteria isolated had resistance to oxacillin and showed multi-resistant patterns in the antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Minimal bactericidal concentrations of ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalexin, ampicillin/sulbactam(2:1), amoxicillin/sulbactam (2:1), and cephalexin/sulbactam (1:1) were measured according to broth microdilution method suggested by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, M31-A2) to compare the synergic effects of sulbactam combination with each antibiotic alone. Ampicillin and amoxicillin showed synergic antibacterial activity to 4 and 3 respectively in 5 strains of MRSA in combination with sulbactam. This study demonstrates that ampicillin/sulbactam and amoxicillin/sulbactam can be therapeutic choices for mastitis associated with MRSA.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.56-67
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to suggest the standard ICU nursing procedure and standard ICU nursing practice time carried out according to the standard ICU nursing procedure. Methods: Through the literature review, 35 standard ICU nursing activities were selected and classified under 6 categories. Standard nursing procedures were described by research team and 4 clinical practice experts. Content validity of descripted nursing procedure was performed by 6 clinical practice experts. After that standard ICU nursing procedures were identified, standard nursing practice times were checked through 1:1 observation. Results: 35 ICU nursing activities were identified and categorized into 6 domains of activities. Also, their standard nursing procedures were identified, and finally 33 standard nursing practice times were measured and analyzed. The result of the measurement, 1 ICU nursing activity was spent above 30 minutes, 3 activities done within 10-20 minutes, 4 activities done within 5-10 minutes, and 25 activities were spent below 5 minutes. Conclusion: Through this study, 35 standard ICU nursing procedures were described and 33 standard ICU nursing practice times which carried out according to standard ICU nursing procedures were checked. The result can be as fundamental data for the study of nursing activity time in the ICU.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.325-329
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• 1990

Synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMV) were isolated from fresh bovine cerebral cortex by several well-known procedures, and the best procedures was selected by enzymatic and morphological standards. The SPMV isolated by the modified procedure of Smith and Loh showed the highest purity. The specific activities of Na, K-ATPase, acetylcholinesterase and 5'-nucleotidase were about 5, 6-fold, 2, 5-fold and 3, 3-fold, respectively, enriched in the plasma membrane fraction as compared to those of the crude homogenate. Electron microscpic examination also showed that the membranes were in vesicular form.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2014

Purpose: Current common method of cytotoxicity evaluation for elastomeric impression materials use animal based cell lines, which the clinical relevance has been often questioned. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the difference in results with both human based and animal based fibroblast cell line. Materials and Methods: Three types of fibroblast cells were used in this study; conventional mouse fibroblasts of L929, human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1), and immortalized human oral fibrobalsts (hTERT-hNOF). Test on extract and test by direct contact using different commercially available elastomeric impression materials were carried out according to the international standards. Result: There was significant difference in cell viability between types of fibroblasts cell used, where HGF-1 showed highest cell viability and L929 the lowest. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, careful consideration must be given when selecting the cells and interpreting the results for cytotoxicity evaluation of elastomeric impression materials, where use of human based cell lines such as hTERT-hNOF would be appropriate for both ease of cytotoxicity test and clinical relevance.