• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Objectives Taking detailed patient history helps earlier diagnosis and treatment of developmental disability. In this study we analyzed the clinical questionnaire to find out the clinical characteristics of those with five-retardation, five-limpness, or five-stiffness. Methods The data was collected from 484 children under the age of six who have visited H oriental medicine clinic for developmental delay. The clinical questionnaire was filled out by their parents and the data was analyzed statistically. Results 436 children showed symptoms of five-retardation, 90 children suffered from five-stiffness, 54 children showed five-limpness and 7 children suffered from five-stiffness and five-limpness complex. Generally, boys had higher chance to show disease symptoms than the girls (2.32:1) and 40 children (8.26%) reported family history of developmental disability. Cerebral palsy ranks the most common familial disease, followed by developmental delay, mental retardation, autistic disorder and language disorder. Among the children we have studied, 285 children (63.19%) showed delayed unassisted walk while 192 children (42.57%) had language disorder. Also, 138 children (28.51%) had both walk and language disorders. The children in this study also showed delayed toilet training and half of them had little stranger anxiety when they were infants. It was also found that 120 children (24.79%) experienced epilepsy. This study reaffirmed that low birth weight, premature birth, and suffocation are major risks causing neurological damage. Conclusions They had history which including family history, problems at birth, epilepsy, face recognition, muscle tone disorder, delayed walking without assistance, language ability, and toilet training.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.426-431
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• 2016

Sasang Digestive Function Inventory (SDFI) and Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) were developed on the basis of clinical experiences of Korean medicine hospital and previous studies have used these for analyzing Sasang constitutional characteristics mainly in hospital level. The purpose of this study is to analyze Sasang constitutional characteristics using SDFI and SPQ in clinical level. The SPQ, SDFI, height and weight were measured with 79 patients over 18-years-old from Jan. 2015 to Apr. 2016 in the clinic, Daegu, Korea that specializes in tinnitus and performs Sasang constitution diagnosis. We used ANOVA in analyzing the differences of the scores of SPQ, SDFI, BMI and PI in each Sasang types (Tae-Yang, So-Yang, Tae-Eum), and Bonferroni test or Dunnett's T3 for post verification. The SDFI-T(F=3.215) and SDFI-D(F=4.347) scores were significantly different(p<0.05) and SPQ score was not different in each Sasang types(p>0.05). And Weight(F=4.294), BMI(F=12.386) and PI(F=14.490) were significantly different in each Sasang types(p<0.001). We found that SDFI(SDFI-D) and BMI PI can explain the Sasang constitutional characteristics, that is equivalent to previous studies and might be used for clinical index in making objective questionnaire for Sasnag constitutional diagnosis in clinical level.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.175-202
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted towards developing a screening tool for syndrome differentiation in the diagnosis of menopause in menopausal and perimenopausal women. Methods: We conducted a literature review of studies on menopausal diagnosis based on syndrome differentiation, and examined well-founded differentiated syndromes and their respective clinical symptoms. Based on the findings, we created a questionnaire through consultations with Oriental medicine experts in physiology, pathology, and diagnostics. Finally, the research team conducted an expert Delphi study on differentiated syndromes and the associated clinical symptoms. Results: Seven differentiated syndromes were selected, including Liver Depression (肝鬱), Kidney Yin Deficiency (腎陰虛), Kidney Yang Deficiency (腎陽虛), Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency (肝腎陰虛), Kidney Yin and Yang Deficiency (腎陰陽兩虛), Heart-Kidney Noninteraction (心腎不交), and Dual Deficiency of Heart and Spleen (心脾兩虛); 4 disease locations, including liver (肝), heart (心), spleen (脾), and kidney (腎); and 3 disease natures, including Yin Deficiency (陰虛), Qi Stagnation (氣滯), and Blood Deficiency (血虛). In addition, we added 3 supplemental disease natures, including Yang Deficiency (陽虛), Qi Deficiency (氣虛), and Heat (火熱), in consideration of syndrome differentiation categories that may possibly be added in a follow-up clinical questionnaire. Conclusions: This resulted in a total of 7 differentiated syndromes, 4 disease locations, and 6 disease natures. We translated the clinical symptoms of these 17 categories into Korean Hangeul. After consulting with 5 Oriental medicine experts and a psychology expert, we produced a questionnaire for use in diagnosing menopause based on syndrome differentiation. The calculation of scores for the syndrome differentiation screening tool will be confirmed through clinical research based on the results of a review of existing literature.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2008

Background: Yukmijiwhang-tang is one of the most common herbal formulas in Oriental Medicine. Yukmijiwhang-tang has been widely used as a herbal medicine to replenish Yin and tonify the kidneys for hundred years in Asian countries. Because of insufficiency in data, objective judgements about remedial effects have been difficult. In order to make objectivity diagnostic data, this research is developed. Purpose: The aim of the research is to make a pilot questionnaire for clinical use of Yukmijiwhang-tang. Methods: The questionnaire which includes symptoms and signs for Yukmijiwhang-tang is studied by the Delphi method. Results: By the Delphi method and score evaluation, 30 items of the initial copy of questionnaire are chosen for the research. Conclusions: By the Delphic survey among clinicians, a reference questionnaire for Yukmijiwhang-tang applications was suggested. Further research is necessary for modification of questionnaire by statistics and certification by clinical trial. research.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of time management on the clinical nurse's organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Methods: Subjects were recruited in two general hospitals in Seoul and Incheon. Data collection was done using a self-report questionnaire. Time management was measured using the questionnaire developed by Han (1992). Organizational commitment and job satisfaction were measured using the questionnaire developed by Yoon (2000), based on Mowday et al. (1979) and Stamps et al. (1978). The data were analyzed using the SAS statistical package program, version 10.0. Specifically, descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression were performed. Results: The predictive time management factors for organizational commitment included deadline decision, simplification, and goal-setting. The predictive time management factors for job satisfaction included planning/making the priority order, deadline decision, simplification, asking for help, and responsibility reduction. Conclusion: Time management factors are highly correlated with organizational commitment and job satisfaction in clinical nurses. Deadline decision and simplification are common predictive factors for organizational commitment and job satisfaction. These results can be used to develop more effective time management strategies for increasing organizational effectiveness in clinical nurses.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate expert opinions on the questions contained in a questionnaire for diagnosing blood stasis accompanying metabolic disorders. Methods : Two rounds of Delphi survey were conducted online targeting on one hundred Korean medicine doctors. Respondents rated the appropriateness of the 30 questions in diagnosing metabolic disorder on a five-point scale, anchored at '5 = very appropriate', '4 = appropriate', '3 = somewhat appropriate', '2 = inappropriate', and '1 = very inappropriate'. Results : The mean score on 30 questions of first and second Delphi survey was 3.26 points and 3.31 points, respectively. The ranking of the top 10 questions that were rated as appropriate for diagnosing blood stasis accompanying metabolic disorder were 'sublingual varices', 'reddish black tongue', 'reddish black gum', 'reddish black lips', ''dark purple palatal mucosa and venous edema', 'night pain, 'ecchymosis of the tongue', 'piercing pain', 'ecchymosis of the skin' and 'prolonged numbness'. Conclusions : The experts agreed that three of the most typical symptoms of blood stasis and the conditions of capillary vessels in the tongue or the oral cavity were highly associated with metabolic disorder, whereas the questions related to abdominal pain lacked an association with metabolic disorders.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.563-582
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a Phlegm Pattern Questionnaire for Functional Dyspepsia (PPQ-FD) by modifying a previously developed Phlegm Pattern Questionnaire (PPQ) and to verify its reliability and validity. Further objectives were to obtain the optimal cut-off value for the PPQ-FD for standardization and for clinical use. Methods: The PPQ-FD was developed by extracting the major symptoms of the phlegm pattern in functional dyspepsia and by using the Delphi method to administer a requested importance survey to experts. The reliability, validity, and optimal cut-off value of the PPQ-FD were analyzed by enrolling a total of 60 subjects in this study. Thirty patients were diagnosed with both functional dyspepsia and phlegm pattern and thirty patients were diagnosed with only functional dyspepsia. All participants were requested to fill out the PPQ-FD. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected in the two groups for sex distribution, age, or body mass index. Five of the survey questions negatively affected its reliability; therefore, we decided to exclude those five questions on further inspection. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the revised PPQ-FD was 0.853, and clinical validity was verified. Construct validity was analyzed by factor analysis and identified four factors. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between the revised PPQ-FD and other dyspepsia scales, such as the SQDQ, SSQD, VAS, NDI-K, and FD-QoL scales. The VAS had particularly strong positive correlations with the PPQ-FD. Conclusions: The PPQ-FD developed in this study has fundamental reliability and validity for use as a pattern-diagnosis questionnaire. The PPQ-FD can help to diagnose the phlegm pattern in patients with functional dyspepsia.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.183-192
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of low level laser therapy on shoulder pain. Methods : From October 1, 2009 to November 14, 2009, we applied 15 participants who consented to an assignment had a shoulder pain to low level laser therapy(LLLT). We treated LLLT 8 times on both upper trapezius, levator scapular, pectoralis, suboccipital, rhomboid, rotator cuff tender point for 2 weeks. To evaluate the efficiency of low level laser therapy, we used questionnaire of shoulder pain symptom, questionnaire of a day living discomfort scale, shoulder pain and disability index(SPADI) and pressure pain threshold(PPT) at before treatment and after treatment 4 times and 8 times. Results : There was a significant difference in questionnaire of shoulder pain symptom, questionnaire of a day living discomfort scale, SPADI and PPT after 8th treatment. Conclusions : Low level laser therapy for shoulder pain is effective to improve patients' symptoms measured with questionnaire of pain and a day living discomfort score, SPADI and PPT significantly.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.35-43
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• 2002

This study was performed to examine a clinical application of the QSCC II (Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II) In this study, the subjects were 218 patients whose constitutions were differentiated at the Wonkwang Kwangju Oriental medical hospital. The results are as follows: 1. QSCC II were given to 218 patients after they were examined by the specialists in the Sasang constitutional medicine and received herbal formulas specific to their constitution. The constitutional analysis made by the specialists were then compared to the results of the questionnaire. The result showed only 51% agreement. 2. We made a frequency analysis of 121 questions and found that 85 questions had low statistical significance (P>0.2). 3. As a result, we have found that there is a limitation in differentiating the constitution by the questionnaire. Thus, in order to raise the statistical significance of the constitutional analysis, we hope that more suitable questionnaire will be developed for the future research.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.355-360
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find out the direction of development of the expert diagnosis system by questioning student satisfaction after practicing Oriental Diagnosis System (ODS). A questionnaire survey was conducted for 73 students who attended Pusan National University Graduate School of Korean Medicine and conducted clinical practice from the second semester of 17 years to the first semester of 18 years. The questionnaire survey consisted of 6 questions about the satisfaction of current expert system and 5 questions about supplementation and addition. As a result of the questionnaire analysis, the question about the necessity of the expert diagnosis system and the benefit of clinical practice using the expert diagnosis system indicated high positive response rate. On the other hand, there is a difference in the results of the dialysis before and after using the expert diagnosis system. So, It seems that the reliability of the results of the expert diagnosis system is still low. The results of the questionnaire indicate that the need for expert diagnosis system is beneficial, but it is necessary to supplement the current system in order to improve clinical utility in the future.