• Title/Summary/Keyword: Clinical education

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Using Facets of Effective Science Learning Environments to Examine Preservice Elementary Teachers' Observations of Their Clinical Experiences in Korea and the U.S.

  • Morey, Marilyn;Park, Do-Yong;Lee, Myon U
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.32 no.9
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    • pp.1452-1469
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    • 2012
  • This study examined the science learning environments experienced by Korean and U.S. preservice elementary science teachers during their 3-week clinical experience. Observational experiences of 97 Korean and 112 U.S preservice teachers were surveyed with an instrument that we developed for the study. Follow-up interviews provided a clearer picture of what preservice teachers observed and experienced in science classrooms during their clinical experiences. Korean preservice teachers experienced a variety of science teaching environments, whereas the U.S. preservice teachers reported limited opportunities to observe science teaching and learning in terms of 6 identified facets that we posed. Along with our interpretation of the contrast in findings, some of the challenges are discussed in providing preservice teachers with opportunities to observe, experience, and teach in effective science learning environments during the clinical experience.

Application and Effectiveness of a Preceptorship for the Improvement of Clinical Education (임상실습 교육개선을 위한 일 실습지도자 활용모델 (preceptorship model)의 적용 및 효과에 관한 연구 -암센타, 재활센타, 중환자실 실습을 중심으로-)

  • 이원희;김소선;한신희;이소연;김기연
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.581-596
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    • 1995
  • Clinical practice in nursing education provides an opportunity for students, through the process of ap-plying theoretical knowledge to practice, and to learn nursing skills as well as being socialized into nursing and as such decrease the reality shock of actual nursing practice. Because of a shortage of nursing faculty, the job of achieving the objectives of the clinical practice had been turned over to the head nurses. This resulted in many problems, such as, unclear location of responsibilities and inadequate feedback from head nurses. Therefore this study was done to introduce and evaluate the use of preceptors as a way to minimize the above problems, and to maximize the achievement of the clinical practice objectives. Using an adaptation of Zerbe's (1991) three-tiered team model, clinical practice was done using a preceptor, a head nurse and a clinical instructor, each with different and well defined roles. The subjects of this study were 67 senior students of the College of Nursing of Y University in Seoul whose clinical practice in adult nursing was carried out between May 1, 1994 and December 8, 1994. There were 22 preceptors who had at least two years of clinical experience and who were recommended by their head nurses. They were given additional education on the philosophy and objectives of the College of Nursing, on communication skills, on the theory and practice of education, and on nursing diagnosis and education evaluation. The role of the preceptor was to work one-to-one with students in their practice. The role of the head nurse was to supervise and evaluate the preceptors. The role of the clinical instructor was to provide the education program for the preceptors, to provide ad-vice and suggestions to the preceptors and to maintain lines of communication with the college. With each of these roles in place, it was thought that the effectiveness and efficiency of the clinical practice could be increased significantly. To evaluate the effectiveness of the preceptorship, the three - tiered model, Lowery's Teacher Evaluation Opinion Form translated and adapted to Korea was used to measure student statisfaction. The Clinical Practice Compentency Evaluation Tool developed by Lee et ai was also used to measure student competencies. The results of this study are as follows 1. The satisfaction with clinical practice was higher with the introduction of the perceptors than it was before they were used. (t=-5.96, p=<.005) 2. The clinical practice competencies were higher with the introduction of the preceptors than it was before they were used(t=-5.l3, p<.005) 3. In order to analyze areas not measured by the quantitative tools additional analysis of the open questions was done. The results of this analysis showed that : 1) The students felt positive about their sense of security, confidence, handling of responsbility, and being systematic. They also felt positive about improvements in knowledge, opportunities for direct care, and socialization. 2) The students felt negative about the technical part of their role, lack of knowledge by the preceptor, unprofessional attitudes on the part of the preceptor, difficulty in the role of the professional nurse(student). 3) The preceptors felt positive about their responsibility, motivation, and relationship with the college. 4) The preceptors felt negative about their bur-den. Introduction of the preceptorship model will lead to change and improvement in the negative factors discussed above, solve problems in the present clinical education system, increase continuity in the education of the students, help with socialization of the students and motivation of the preceptors to up-grade their education and increase their confidence. These objectives must be obtained to further the development of professional nursing, and thus, making the preceptorship a reality is our job for the future.

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Development of a Conceptual Framework for Nursing Simulation Education Utilizing Human Patient Simulators and Standardized Patients (시뮬레이터와 표준화 환자를 이용한 간호 시뮬레이션 교육의 이론적 기틀 개발)

  • Suh, Eun-Young E.
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.206-219
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: Incorporating simulation modalities into nursing education is known to be effective in enhancing education outcomes. Standardizing the nomenclature of simulation modalities and developing a comprehensive conceptual framework for guiding the development of simulation modules are mandated given the prevalence and disorganization of simulation education. This article, thus, was aimed to summarize literature and propose a conceptual framework for structuralizing simulation education in Korea. Methods: A comprehensive literature review on CINAHL, PubMed, RISS, KISS, DBpia and renowned Korean nursing journals was conducted including articles from 2002 to 2011. Results: The nomenclature of simulation modalities was clarified and summarized. Twenty-eight studies on the effects of simulation education were summarized in a table demonstrating the state of the science in simulation research. In addition, 'a conceptual framework for three-dimensional nursing simulation education' was proposed, described in detail, and diagramed. According to 'the 3D simulation framework', each three axes, i.e., the scope of practice, complexity, and student competency, has three phases in accomplishing a high level of competency. Conclusion: The proposed '3D simulation framework' is hoped to be a theoretical guide in designing a clinical curriculum utilizing simulation and developing detailed simulation modules in clinical practicum courses.

Critical thinking disposition, stress of clinical practice and clinical competence of nursing students (간호학생의 비판적 사고성향과 임상실습 스트레스 및 임상실습수행능력)

  • Kim, In-Sook;Jang, Youn-Kyoung;Park, Su-Ho;Song, So-Hyeon
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.337-345
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationship among Critical Thinking Disposition (CTD), stress of clinical practice and clinical competence in Korean nursing students. Methods: Participants were 407 baccalaureate nursing students (3rd and 4th grades) in Korea. Variables included CTD, stress of clinical practice, clinical competence, and demographic variables. Data was analyzed by frequencies, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. Results: Clinical competence positively correlated with CTD, but negatively correlated with stress of clinical practice. The regression model explained 25.6% of clinical competence. The significant predictors of clinical competence were intellectual eagerness, intellectual fairness in CTD, conflict with patients, and clinical environment in stress of clinical practice. Conclusions: CTD and stress of clinical practice contribute to nursing student's clinical competence. Therefore, efforts to encourage nursing student's CTD, increase stress management skills, especially in conflict with patients, and build a supportive clinical environment should be made to strengthen clinical competence.

An Analysis of the Role of Nurse Specialists in the General Hospital (일 종합전문병원의 전문간호사 업무 분석)

  • Park, Kwang-Ok;Kim, Jong-Kyung;Jeong, Jae-Sim
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.246-256
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of nurse specialist in the general hospital, and to provide basic data for the role management of nurse specialist. Method: The subjects were 38 staff nurses who worked in a medical, surgical, or other department in one general hospital. Survey tools were developed with criteria for a clinical nurse specialist by American Nurses Association(1986), Korean Nurses Association(2001), Kim(2005)'s research, and the nurse specialists' self job description. Validity of the tool was examined by 5 clinical nursing experts and nurse specialists. Data analysis was done by using SPSS Win 12.0 program. Result: The results of domains for the job of nurse specialists were 61.6% for direct clinical practice, 21.7% for education, 5.7% for consultation, 5.2% for management, 5.2% for research, and 1.1% for other domains. The results for the large classifications in nurse specialists domains were 57.6% for direct nursing practice in direct clinical practice domain, 89.1% for patient education in education domain, 57.5% for medical consultation in consultation domain, 57.5% for medical research in research domain, and 39.2% for documentation in management domain. Conclusion: This research revealed that direct clinical practice domain was higher than the other domains of research, education, and management. Discussion and development about the nurse specialist's various roles needs to be addressed on a continual basis.

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Effect of a Simulation-based Education on Cardio-pulmonary Emergency Care Knowledge, Clinical Performance Ability and Problem Solving Process in New Nurses (시뮬레이션기반 심폐응급간호교육이 신규간호사의 지식, 임상수행능력 및 문제해결과정에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Yun-Hee;Jang, Keum-Seong
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.245-255
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of simulation-based education regarding care in a cardio-pulmonary emergency care as related to knowledge, clinical performance ability, and problem solving process in new nurses. Methods: An equivalent control group pre-post test experimental design was used. Fifty new nurses were recruited, 26 nurses for the experimental group and 24 nurses for the control group. The simulation-based cardio-pulmonary emergency care education included lecture, skill training, team-based practice, and debriefing, and it was implemented with the experimental group for a week in May, 2009. Data were analyzed using frequency, ratio, chi-square, Fisher's exact probability and t-test with the SPSS program. Results: The experimental group who had the simulation-based education showed significantly higher know-ledge (t=5.76, p<.001) and clinical performance ability (t=5.86, p<.001) for cardio-pulmonary emergency care compared with the control group who had traditional education but problem solving process was not included (t=1.11, p=.138). Conclusion: The results indicate that a simulation-based education is an effective teaching method to improve knowledge and clinical performance ability in new nurses learning cardio-pulmonary emergency care. Further study is needed to identify the effect of a simulation-based team discussion on cognitive outcome of clinical nurses such as problem solving skills.

Assessing the Validity of the Preclinical Objective Structured Clinical Examination Using Messick's Validity Framework (Messick의 타당도 틀을 활용한 임상실습 전 실기시험의 타당도 평가)

  • Lee, Hye-Yoon;Yune, So-Jung;Lee, Sang-Yeoup;Im, Sunju
    • Korean Medical Education Review
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.185-193
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    • 2021
  • Students must be familiar with clinical skills before starting clinical practice to ensure patients' safety and enable efficient learning. However, performance is mainly tested in the third or fourth years of medical school, and studies using the validity framework have not been reported in Korea. We analyzed the validity of a performance test conducted among second-year students classified into content, response process, internal structure, relationships with other variables, and consequences according to Messick's framework. As results of the analysis, content validity was secured by developing cases according to a pre-determined blueprint. The quality of the response process was controlled by training and calibrating raters. The internal structure showed that (1) reliability by generalizability theory was acceptable (coefficients of 0.724 and 0.786, respectively, for day 1 and day 2), and (2) the relevant domains had proper correlations, while the clinical performance examination (CPX) and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) showed weaker relationships. OSCE/CPX scores were correlated with other variables, especially grade point average and oral structured exam scores. The consequences of this assessment were (1) making students learn clinical skills and study themselves, while causing too much stress for students due to lack of motivation; (2) reminding educators of the need to apply practical teaching methods and to give feedback on the test results; and (3) providing an opportunity for faculty to consider developing support programs. It is necessary to develop the blueprint more precisely according to students' level and to verify the validity of the response process with statistical methods.

A Study for Development of Competency-Based Continuing Education System Depending on Nurses Clinical Ladder (간호사 임상경력단계에 따른 역량기반 보수교육시스템 개발을 위한 연구)

  • Jang, Keum-Seong;Kim, Heeyoung;Kim, Nam-Young
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.18 no.12
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    • pp.503-515
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    • 2018
  • The aim of this study was to develop a list of nursing competency for nurses' continuing education, and to propose a competency-based continuing education system according to nurses' clinical ladder. The definition of nursing competency was extracted by analyzing 10 studies. Also, the knowledge base of each nursing competency was confirmed through Carper and Chinn & Kramer's research. Nurses' clinical ladder and preliminary items of nursing competency behavior indicators were verified by seven experts for content validity. The results of this study were as follows; Nursing competencies were defined as 'evidence-based patient care', 'education and counseling', 'nursing management and leadership', 'law and ethics', 'professional value and development', 'research and policy development'. In addition, the validity of the 4 stages of clinical ladder and the 24 indicators of nursing competency were confirmed by experts. These findings suggest that the competency-based continuing education system according to the clinical ladder will be utilized as an effective human resource development strategy for improving the professionalism of nurses.

The Effects of Simulation-based Education on the Clinical Reasoning Competence, Clinical Competence, and Educational Satisfaction (시뮬레이션 교육이 간호학생의 임상추론역량과 임상수행능력 및 교육만족도에 미치는 효과)

  • Kang, Hee;Kang, Hee-Young
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.8
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    • pp.107-114
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    • 2020
  • This study was conducted to examine the effects of simulation-based education on the clinical reasoning competence, clinical competence, and satisfaction with simulation experience (SSE). The research design was one group pretest-posttest. Study participants were 89 third-year nursing students from C University in G city, who were engaged the simulation-based education for eight weeks from August to October 2019. Learning scenario titles were blood transfusion reaction patient care with postoperative total hip replacement, hypoglycemia patient care with diabetes mellitus, and hyperkalemia patient care with liver cirrhosis. The data were analyzed by paired t-test using SPSS Win 23.0 program. After applying simulation-based education, nursing students' clinical reasoning competence (t=-17.082, p<.001) and clinical competence(t=-18.40, p<.001) improved significantly. SSE score was 4.65 out of 5 points. The results indicate that the simulation-based education in this study gave the students the experience of providing qualified and secure nursing care under conditions similar to those in the real clinical field. To improve the clinical reasoning competence and clinical competence of nursing students, various cases scenarios are developed and simulation-based education should be applied to more subjects in the nursing curriculum.

Attitudes of Nursing Students to Clinical Education : Q methodological Approach (임상실습에 대한 간호학생의 태도 : Q 방법론 적용)

  • 박송자
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.544-554
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    • 1993
  • The study was designed to identify the attitude of nursing students to clinical education through Q-methodology. A C sample was developed through a review of the literature and interviews. Twenty - seven statements made up the finalized Q- sample. This was out of an initial 143 statements developed through consultation with eight professors. The P sample consisted of 25 nursing students in S Health Junior College.0 statements were written on seperate cards and were given to the 25 subjects to sort according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sorts by each subject were coded and analyzed with QUANL PC Program. The analysis discovered three major attitudes, namely “amicable adaptation” 〈type 1), “Nightingale social service” (type 2), and “realistic occupation pursuit” (type 3). The correlation was .465 between type 1 and type 2, .293 between type 1 and type 3, and .273 between type 2 and type 3. The characteristics of each type were as follows ; Type 1 (amicable adaptation) They satisfied in interpersonal relationships in the clinical setting. They would not dream of becoming Nightingale, but thought of nursing care affirmatively and performed their works faithfully and adapted themselves to the new circumstances easily, Fourteen subjects were classified as type 1. Type 2 (Nightingale: social service) They often dreamed as a child that they would be Nightingale with a white uniform and think that nursing is a gift from heaven. They have an aptitude for nursing care by nature and selected nursing science them-selves. They give care to the sick with pleasure. Seven subjects were classified as type 2. Type 3 (realistic occupation pursuit) They were not satisfied with their nursing practice. First of all they want a stable job, therefore they selected nursing science. They had conflicts in clinical practice, but were responsible for nursing and studied hard. Four subjects were classified as type 3. Through the results of this study, the attitude of nursing students to clinical education could be classified into three types. Therefore it is suggested that clinical education would be more valuable, if it was planned according to an understanding of the attitudes of nursing students to clinical education.

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