• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.263-271
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• 2016

Background: Bone injury is common in many clinical situations, such as surgery or trauma. During surgery, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production decreases the quality and quantity of osteoblasts. Remifentanil decreases ROS production, reducing oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. We investigated remifentanil's protective effects against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress in osteoblasts. Methods: To investigate the effect of remifentanil on human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells, the cells were incubated with 1 ng/ml of remifentanil for 2 h before exposure to $H_2O_2$. For induction of oxidative stress, hFOB cells were then treated with $200{\mu}M$ $H_2O_2$ for 2 h. To evaluate the effect on autophagy, a separate group of cells were incubated with 1 mM 3-methyladenine (3-MA) before treatment with remifentanil and $H_2O_2$. Cell viability and apoptotic cell death were determined via MTT assay and Hoechst staining, respectively. Mineralized matrix formation was visualized using alizarin red S staining. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression levels of bone-related genes. Results: Cell viability and mineralized matrix formation increased on remifentanil pretreatment before exposure to $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress. As determined via western blot analysis, remifentanil pretreatment increased the expression of bone-related genes (Col I, BMP-2, osterix, and $TGF-{\beta}$). However, pretreatment with 3-MA before exposure to remifentanil and $H_2O_2$ inhibited remifentanil's protective effects on hFOB cells during oxidative stress. Conclusions: We showed that remifentanil prevents oxidative damage in hFOB cells via a mechanism that may be highly related to autophagy. Further clinical studies are required to investigate its potential as a therapeutic agent.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2001

목적 : 신선 동결 아킬레스 동종건을 이용한 전방 십자 인대 재건술 후 1년 추시상 임상적 결과와 2차 관절경 및 조직학적 소견을 조사하여 동종건의 유용성을 살펴보았다. 대상 및 방법 : 추시 가능한 58면 59예를 대상으로 주. 객관적 지표 Telos stress arthrometer, modified Feagin Scoring System을 이용 분석하였다. 평균 연령 및 추시 기간은 25세($18\~49$세), 15개월($12\~19$개월)이었다. 이중 16명을 대상으로 2차 관절경 소견을 확인하고 광학현미경 및 전자 현미경을 이용하여 조직 검사를 하였다. 결과 : Lysholm Score는 술 전 60점에서 88.2점, 전방 전위는 술 전 7.1mm에서 술 후 2.3mm로 향상되었다. 2차 관절경적 육안적 소견은 정상 인대와 비슷한 두께와 긴장상태를 보였으며 골성 조직과의 연결부에서 혈관 재형성을 보이고 있었다. 조직학적 소견은 광학 현미경 소견상 정상 인대와 비슷한 세포 밀집도를 보였으며, 전자 현미경 소견상 콜라겐 섬유는 종적으로 평행한 배열을 보이고 횡 단면상 정상 조직과 유사한 단일 형태의 직경을 보였다. 결론 : 신선 동결 동종 아킬레스건은 임상적 결과와 조직학적 소견들로 보아 자가건의 대치건으로서 사용이 충분할 것으로 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The present study investigated the hypothesis that a highly pure linear ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan produced by Agrobacterium sp. R259 enhances human natural killer (NK) cell activity and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In an eight-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 83 healthy adults with white blood cell counts of $4,000-8,000cells/{\mu}L$ were participated and randomly assigned to take two capsules per day containing either 350 mg ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan or placebo. Six participants withdrew their study consent or were excluded due to NK cell activity levels outside the normal range. NK cell activity and serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ were measured. RESULTS: NK cell activity and the serum levels of IL-10 were significantly higher from baseline to week 8 in the ${\beta}$-glucan group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.048, P = 0.029). Consumption of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan also significantly increased NK cell activity compared with placebo after adjusting for smoking and stress status (P = 0.009). In particular, the effect of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan on NK cell activity was greater in participants with severe stress than in those experiencing mild stress. However, the administration ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan did not significantly modulate the levels of IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IgG compared with the placebo. CONCLUSION: The results showed that supplementation with bacterial ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan significantly increased NK cell activity without causing any adverse effects. Additionally, the beneficial effect of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan on NK cell activity was greater in participants experiencing severe stress.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.8-27
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• 2000

Components of extracellular matrix and the matrix-degrading enzymes are some of the key regulators of tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a matrix glycosaminoglycan, is known to promote tumor adhesion and migration, and its small fragments are angiogenic. Until now, we have compared levels of hyaluronidase, an enzyme that degrade HA, in normal adult prostate, benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer tissues and in conditioned media from epithelial explant cultures, using a substrate (HA)-gel assay and ELISA-like assay (Kim et al., unpublished results). The present review described an overall characterization of hyaluronidases and its application to human diseases. The hyaluronidases are a family of enzymes that have, until recently, deed thorough explication. The substrate for these enzymes, hyaluronan, is becoming increasingly important, recognized now as a major participant in basic processes such as cell motility, wound healing, embryogenesis, and implicated in cancer progression. And in those lower life forms that torment human beings, hyaluronidase is associated with mechanisms of entry and spread, e.g. as a virulence factor for bacteria, for tissue dissection in gas gangrene, as a means of treponema spread in syphilis, and for penetration of skin and gut by nematode parasites. Hyaluronidase also comprises a component of the venom of a wide variety of organisms, including bees, wasps, hornets, spiders, scorpions, sh, snakes and lizards. Of particular interest is the homology between some of these venom hyaluronidases and the enzyme found in the plasma membrane of mammalian spermatozoa, attesting to the ancient nature of the conserved sequence, a 36% identity in a 300 amino acid stretch of the enzyme protein. Clearly, hyaluronidase is of biological interest, being involved in the pathophysiology of so many important' human disorders. Greater effort should be made in studying this family of enzymes that have, until recently, been overlooked. Also, oriental medical application of the hyaluronidase will be discussed with respect to inhibition and suppression of inflammation and malignacy.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.903-910
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• 2016

엉겅퀴와 타임의 복합추출물인 MS-10이 여성호르몬 수용체를 가역적으로 활성화해 여성갱년기에 감소하는 에스트로겐이 효율적으로 사용될 수 있도록 작용한다는 것이 확인되었다. 12주간의 인체적용시험에서 MS-10은 안면홍조 및 야한증, 감각마비, 수면장애, 신경과민, 우울, 현기증, 피로, 관절 및 근육통, 두통, 가슴 두근거림(심계항진), 그리고 질건조 등의 여성갱년기 증상이 개선되었음이 확인되었다. 이러한 MS-10의 여성갱년기 증상 개선은 MS-10에 의한 insulin-like growth factor-1의 개선에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. MS-10은 여성갱년기 증상을 개선하는 천연소재 건강 기능식품으로 사용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2020

Background: It is generally agreed that using a bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) composite graft improves long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Although the left internal thoracic artery (LITA)-based Y-composite graft is widely adopted, technical or anatomical difficulties necessitate complex configurations. We aimed to investigate whether BITA configuration impacts survival or patency in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Methods: Between January 2006 and June 2017, 1,161 patients underwent CABG at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, where the standard technique is a LITA-based Y-composite graft with the right internal thoracic artery (RITA) sequentially anastomosed to non-left anterior descending (LAD) targets. Total of 160 patients underwent CABG using BITA with modifications. Their medical records and imaging data were reviewed retrospectively to investigate technical details, clinical outcomes, and graft patency. Results: Modifications of the typical Y-graft (group 1, n=90), LITA-based I-graft (group 2, n=39), and RITA-based composite graft (group 3, n=31) were used due to insufficient RITA length (47%), problems using LITA (28%), and target vessel anatomy (25%). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 1.9%. Among 116 patients who underwent computed tomography or conventional angiography at a mean interval of 29.9±33.1 months postoperatively, the graft patency rates were 98.7%, 95.3%, and 83.6% for the LAD, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery territories, respectively. Patency rates for the inflow, secondary, and tertiary grafts were 98.2%, 90.5%, and 80.4%, respectively. The RITA-based graft (group 3) had the lowest patency rate of the various configurations (p<0.011). Conclusion: LITA-based Y composite graft, showed satisfactory clinical outcomes and patency whereas modifications of RITA- based composite graft had the lowest patency and 5-year survival rates. Therefore, when using RITA-based composite graft, other options should be considered before proceeding atypical configurations.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2006

Purpose: Arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears are many techniques that have been developed to improve the initial postoperative strength of the repair. There was a doubt that current arthroscopic cuff repairs using a single row of suture anchors reproduce insufficient area of the anatomic cuff insertion, and concerns about failure of fixation often lead surgeons to limit early motion. Newer technique of double-row repair in arthroscopic treatment may provide initial stronger fixation and more contact with bone at the repair site than single-row repair did. We studied the comparison between clinical outcomes of arthroscopic single- and double-row repair in cuff tears at 1year postoperatively. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 40 shoulders with single-row repair and 38 shoulders with double-row repair of full-thickness rotator cuff tears between May 2002 and October 2004. Out of total 78 shoulders, 42 (54%) were male patients and 36 (46%) were female patients and the mean age at surgery was 56 years. All patients were diagnosed by physical examination and MRI. At 1year' follow-up after operation, we evaluated with the ASES and the Constant scoring system, and measured muscle power of abduction, internal and external rotation of the affected shoulder then compared with each other. Results: Mean ASES scores and Constant scores in double-row repair group improved more than single-row repair group significantly at 1year postoperatively. Muscle power of abduction and internal rotation, especially abduction power, improved more significantly in double-row repair group than in single-row repair. Conclusion: Arthroscopic double-row repair for the full thickness rotator cuff tear may be a superior technique, which showed better clinical outcomes and restoration of muscle power compared with single-row repair at relatively short period of postoperative follow-up. Restoration of footprint close to normal anatomy by double-row repair seems to play an important role in the recovery of muscle strength.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 1985

국내에서 분리된 enterovirus의 병원성을 관찰하기 위하여 1~2일령의 자돈 10두와 35일 령의 유돈 6두에 enterovirus 조직배양부유액을 뇌내 또는 근육내 주사한 후 임상 및 병리학적으로 관찰하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 임상적으로는 체온의 상승, 보양창랑, 보행실조, 유약성 마비 및 고도의 삭수가 관찰되었다. 병리조직학적으로는 중추신경계 전반에 걸쳐 수막하 세포침윤, 혈관주위 원형세포침윤, 신경세포의 변성, 미만성과 한국성 gliosis, glial nodule의 형성 등이 관찰되었으며 백질부보다 회백질부에서 다소 심한 경향이었고 배측 신경절염이 전 실험예에서 인정되었다. 한편 hog cholera백신과 enterovirus의 공동주사예에서는 중추신경계의 병변이 enterovirus 단독주사예에 비해 급격히 진행되는 경향이었다. 이상의 소견들을 종합해 볼때 국내에서 분리된 enterovirus는 뇌내 또는 근육내에 접종하였을 때 자돈에서 polioencephalomyelitis를 일으킬 수 있는 병원성이 강한 형으로 추측되며 hog cholera백신과 enterovirus를 공동주사한 예에서 병변의 진행이 급격한 점으로 보아 enterovirus의 자연감염에 hog cholera 백신 등의 stress요인이 작용될 것으로 추측된다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

목적 : 모의 치료실에서 환자의 정확한 치료 범위 결정을 위해 이용되는 투시영상은 일부 최신의 고가장비에서는 digital로 capture가 가능하나, 일반적인 simulator에서는 analog영상으로 capture를 할 수 없으며 모니터링만 할 뿐이다. 이번 논제에서는 conventional simulator를 이용한 저가의 Digital image capture system의 구현 방식을 소개하고, capture된 digital 영상을 이용한 임상적인. 실용 증례를 소개하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원의 conventional simulator(SIMVIEW NT)용 모니터의 비디오 단자(terminal)에 video signal cable을 연결하여 A/D converter에 연결한다. converter jack을 컴퓨터 capture boar에 연결하고 컴퓨터상의 image capture system을 작동시켜서 원하는 image를 capture하거나 동영상을 녹화한다. Esophagus, cervix, breast 환자 등의 capture image를 상용화된 image processing program을 통해 임상적으로 활용한다. 결과 : 경제적으로 저렴하고 용이한 방법으로 Digital image capture system(DICS)의 구축이 가능하였으며 capture된 영상을 이용하여 simulation시에는 보다 정확한 환자 정보와 치료범위를 결정하는데 도움이 되었고, capture된 영상은 data로써 충분한 가치가 있었다. 결론 : 고가의 상용화된 장비를 구입하기 어려운 경우에 이와 같은 방법으로 저가의 system를 구축하게 되면 경제적 효과와 더불어 고가장비와 동등한 영상의 획득 할 수 있으며, 그러한 과정을 통해 얻어진 영상을 이용하여 다른 software program과 연계한다면 더 많은 임상적인 연구를 할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.335-342
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• 2007

C형 근관은 복잡한 근관계의 형태로 인해 임상가가 미리 인지하지 못한 경우 근관치료 시 많은 어려움에 직면하곤 한다. 본 연구에서는 하악 제2대구치의 근관치료 환자에서 C형 근관의 형태별 빈도를 알아보고 방사선 사진 상 C형 근관계의 형태학적 특징과의 관련성을 비교 평가하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 1998년부터 2005년까지 조선대학교 치과병원 보존과에 내원한 227례의 하악 제2대구치 근관치료 환자의 의무기록지를 조사한 후 임상에서 근관치료 시 기록된 치수강저의 형태와 해당환자의 방사선 사진을 기초자료로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 하악 제2대구치 C형 근관은 한국인에서 많은 빈도를 보였으며, 근관치료 시 환자의 방사선 사진을 잘 활용하여 치근단의 형태와 원심근관의 위치를 주의깊게 관찰하면 C형 근관을 미리 예측할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.