• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study is to review clinical studies of Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncutre on Obstetrics & Gynecology diseases. Methods: Key words "Jahageo Yakchim", "Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture", "Human Placenta Pharmacopuncture", "Hominis Placenta Pharmacoacupuncutre" were searched on 6 database systems (DBpia, KISS, KTKP, NDSL, Pubmed, CENTRAL) on August 31th 2018. Results: 1 case reports and 4 controlled studies were collected in accordance with the selection and exclusion criteria. The study design, study results and method of intervention were analyzed. Conclusions: This review shows the necessity of large-scale well designed clinical studies of Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture on Obstetrics & Gynecology diseases to evaluate the efficacy and safety.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.26-43
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze recent traditional Chinese medicine clinical studies for treatment of childhood obesity. Methods We analyzed 11 clinical studies from January, 2000 to March, 2018 about childhood obesity from the China Academic Journal (CAJ) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). All selected studies were Randomized Controlled Trials and analyzed in order of publication year, demographic information, treatment method, evaluation methods, results, adverse reactions and relapse after treatment discontinuation. Results The main Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatment was the herbal decoctions, granules and pills. In most studies, the total efficacy of the treatment group was reported to be higher than that of the control group. Adverse reactions were found in small number of studies. Frequently used medical herbs were Crataegi Fructus (山?), Atractylodis Rhizoma (蒼朮), Citri Pericarpium (陳皮), Poria (茯?), and Nelumbinis Folium (荷葉). Also, Water-draining and swelling-dispersing medicinal (利水退腫藥), Qi-regulating medicinal (理氣藥), Resolving dampness with aroma medicinal (芳香化濕藥), Blood-activating and stasis-dispelling medicinal (活血祛瘀藥), Qi-tonifying medicinal (補氣藥), and Digestant medicinal (消食藥) were commonly used. Conclusions This study showed that traditional Chinese medicine, especially herbal medicine treatment can be effective and safe option for treating childhood obesity. These research results can be utilized in other clinical studies as well as in treatment of childhood obesity. Additional well-designed randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews are need to confirm the conclusion.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.90-106
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• 2012

Objectives: Eight constitution medicine (ECM), which was first introduced in 1965, has been further developed and refined over the decades, and has consolidated its foundation through many studies on theories, diagnosis and clinical application. However, there have been few reviews on dissertations of ECM. In this study, we reviewed previously published studies related to ECM. Methods: We reviewed a total of 55 ECM-related studies published from 1965 to 2010 found on PubMed and various domestic Oriental medicine journals. Each thesis was classified as a theoretical, diagnostic, or remedy-related study. Results: 1. In the review of theoretical studies, shortly after ECM's introduction in 1965 by Kwon, the authors found studies on constitutional diseases, diets and food table which helped establish the background of ECM. ECM has further developed by comparing its theories with Sasang constitutional medicine, Huang-di-nei-jing, Saam, and Taegeuk acupuncture theories. 2. Research on diagnosis has been focused on its objectivity and accuracy. Constitution could be diagnosed by pulse-taking. To compensate for the lack of accuracy innate in pulse-taking, the Eight Constitution Questionnaire has been invented. 3. Remedies can be largely divided into acupuncture and diet. There were case studies comparing treatment effect of ECM acupuncture to other treatments. Diet related studies were carried out in the fields of immunology and nutrition. Conclusions: The authors reviewed studies that contributed to improved understanding of theories and clinical implications of ECM. Although there were various approaches to its theoretical and clinical grounds, more clinical research is needed. There is also a need to evaluate the accuracy of the experts' diagnoses of the constitution. The relationship between the diet and constitution also needs further research.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2010

Objectives : This study aims to evaluate current clinical evidence of acupuncture treatment for rehabilitation in patients with traffic accident in South Korea. Methods : Seven Korean databases were searched for prospective clinical trials for acupuncture on rehabilitation in patients with traffic accident from their inception to June, 2009. Only studies conducted in Korean language were searched. Risk of bias in included randomized controlled trials were assessed by Cochrane Handbook procedure. Results : Fifteen clinical trials were included among 31 studies searched. Eight were observational studies, five were non-randomizedcontrolled trials, and two were randomized controlled trials. In all of included studies, acupuncture were conducted with other concomitant treatment. Included studies dealt with such conditions as neck pain, low back pain tinnitus after traffic accident, post-traumatic stress, oculomotor nerve palsy, diplopia and insomnia. All of included studies reported favorable effects of acupuncture group compared to baseline or control group. All of included studies lacked the occurrence of adverse events. High risk of bias were observed in two randomized controlled trials. Conclusions : There is no evidence that acupuncture is effective for rehabilitation of traffic accident. All of included studies lacked appropriate methodological qualities and internal validity. Future welldesigned clinical trials that evaluate the effects and safety of acupuncture treatment for rehabilitation in patients with traffic accident is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.74-86
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• 2017

Objectives : This study aimed to assess the scientific evidence for the use of Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang, a traditional herbal formula, in the treatment of rhinitis, and prepare the basis for the investigational new drug application by analyzing the experimental studies. Methods : Ten electronic databases were searched up to December, 2016 without language limitation. Experimental studies on the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang against rhinitis were included. We extracted data about study design, characteristics of intervention, outcomes, and pharmacological effects from the included studies and summarized them. Results : Eight hundred and thirty-three potentially relevant studies were identified, of which 18 experimental studies met our inclusion criteria. Of 18 included studies, 5 had conducted cell viability test, and all studies had reported that Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang was non-cytotoxic. Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang exhibits anti-inflammatory effect by regulating the inflammation-related cytokines including nitric oxide(NO), prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$, interleukin-6(IL-6), and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}(TNF-{\alpha})$ in vitro and in vivo. Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang exhibits anti-allergic effect by suppressing eosinophil, and histamine levels. Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang helps in the recovery of nasal mucous membrane by supressing goblet cells, heat shock protein 70, and substance P. Conclusions : This study suggests that Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang has the potential to be developed as therapeutic agent for rhinitis. Further experimental and clinical studies needed to be performed to prove the safety and efficacy.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2008

Objectives This study was designed to analyze the clinical studies on Mental retardation(MR) in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Methods For this study, we searched the clinical studies on MR, which had been published from 2003 to 2007, through web site CNKI(中國知識基礎設施工 http://www.cnki.net). There were 17 clinical studies and we focused on those studies. Results 1. In those Chinese studies, they used following words to describe Mental retardation; 小人弱智($xi\check{a}o\acute{e}rru\grave{o}zh\grave{i}$), 智能發育不全($zh\grave{i}n\acute{e}ngf\bar{a}y\grave{u}buqu\acute{a}n$), 智力低下($zh\grave{i}l\grave{i}d\bar{i}xi\grave{a}$), 精神發育遲滯($j\bar{i}ngsh\acute{e}f\bar{a}y\grave{u}ch\acute{i}zh\grave{i}$), 智能落后($zh\grave{i}n\acute{e}nglu\grave{o}h\grave{o}u$), 智能落后($zh\grave{i}n\acute{e}ngch\acute{i}hu\check{a}n$), 失天愚型患人($xi\bar{a}nti\bar{a}ny\acute{u}x\acute{i}nghu\grave{a}n'\acute{e}r$). 2. There were many kinds of TCM treatment methods for MR, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, electroacupunture, acupoint injection, Chuna therapy, and special education. And those TCM treatments methods showed higher efficacies in the treatment of MR compared with Western medicine. 3. Mental retardation was related with the deficiency of heart, kidney, liver, spleen(心虛, 腎虛, 肝虛, 脾虛) and the pathological mechanism of Phlegm(絹) and Blood stasis(慫沂)in the studies about the Bian Zheng-the types of differential diagnosis- of MR. 4. Most of studies used Intelligence Quotient(IQ) to assess the efficacy of TCM treatment of MR. And the duration of treatment, the degree of illness, the age of patient, and the cause of illness affected the prognosis of MR. Conclusions These results suggest that traditional medicine could be one of the useful treatments on MR. And these results could be used in the clinical practices and studies on MR in Korea.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.326-343
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• 2022

Neurological disorders represent a substantial healthcare burden worldwide due to population aging. Acorus gramineus Solander (AG) and Acorus tatarinowii Schott (AT), whose major component is asarone, have been shown to be effective in neurological disorders. This review summarized current information from preclinical and clinical studies regarding the effects of extracts and active components of AG and AT (e.g., α-asarone and β-asarone) on neurological disorders and biomedical targets, as well as the mechanisms involved. Databases, including PubMed, Embase, and RISS, were searched using the following keywords: asarone, AG, AT, and neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression and anxiety, epilepsy, and stroke. Meta-analyses and reviews were excluded. A total of 873 studies were collected. A total of 89 studies were selected after eliminating studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria. Research on neurological disorders widely reported that extracts or active components of AG and AT showed therapeutic efficacy in treating neurological disorders. These components also possessed a wide array of neuroprotective effects, including reduction of pathogenic protein aggregates, antiapoptotic activity, modulation of autophagy, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, regulation of neurotransmitters, activation of neurogenesis, and stimulation of neurotrophic factors. Most of the included studies were preclinical studies that used in vitro and in vivo models, and only a few clinical studies have been performed. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge on AG and AT therapeutic effects as a basis for further clinical studies, and clinical trials are required before these findings can be applied to human neurological disorders.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 2018

Clinical and genetic heterogeneity in association with overlapping spectrum is characteristic in pediatric neuromuscular disorders, which makes confirmative diagnosis difficult and time consuming. Considering evolution of molecular genetic diagnosis and resultant upcoming genetically modifiable therapeutic options, rapid and cost-effective genetic testing should be applied in conjunction with existing diagnostic methods of clinical examinations, laboratory tests, electrophysiologic studies and pathologic studies. Earlier correct diagnosis would enable better clinical management for these patients in addition to new genetic drug options and genetic counseling.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.87 no.2
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• pp.206-208
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• 2024

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.463-468
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• 2023

The carotid sinus nerve (CSN) is well known as mediating baroreflexes. However, studies of its detailed histological analysis are scant in the literature. Therefore, the current anatomical study sought to better elucidate the microanatomy of the CSN. Ten fresh frozen adult cadavers underwent dissection of the CSN. Then, it was harvested and submitted for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Specimens were all shown to be nerve fibers on histology and immunohistochemistry. We identified tyrosine hydroxylase positive fibers in all CSN specimens. These fibers were always found to be within the CSN and not on its surface i.e., epineurium. Based on our findings, the majority of fibers contained in the CSN are tyrosine positive in nature. Further studies are necessary to understand the true function of this autonomic nerve fibers.