• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.33-56
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• 2006

Primary care takers, especially older parents, who live with and care for an adult child with mental illness struggle with the dilemma of who will provide for their child's social and emotional needs and physical care requirements when they can no longer care so. Therefore, 'Permanency plan(financial, residential, legal plan)' is very important for social integration and normalization of mental illness adults. This study aims to introduce the mental health systems in New Zealand and to investigate the permanency plan strategies(benefit, supplements, and the laws) of the government and community support services of NGOs through the interviews with team leaders of representative NGO, Te Korowai Aroha. Permanency plan strategies of New Zealand Government and NGOs are as follows. 1) Financial plans for adults with mental illness include main benefit(invalid benefit), various allowances(family allowance and disability allowance), and wage subsidies for employment. 2) The Government provide accommodation supplement and re-establishment grant for residential plan. And NGOs have supported accommodation program to provide support and accommodation that are important for social integration. 3) Adult mental illness is provided the support of welfare guardian and property manager under the Protection of Personal and Property Rights Act. According the results, this study concluded that social services for the mental illness which secure supported accommodation and benefits is strongly needed. At the same time, mental health delivery system is needed to make distinction between social services and clinical services.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to provide an evidence for clinical practice by systemic analysis on occupational therapy interventions for improvement of children's play. Methods : Articles used in this study were collected from database of Pubmed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Scopus, RISS, KISS, and National Library of Korea. The key words used in the search were "Play AND Occupational Therapy AND (Intervention OR Treatment)" and the publication period was limited from January 2007 to April 2017. 11 articles in total were selected for the systematic review analysis. Results : The results revealed that the majority of studies was one-group non-randomized study and the majority of intervention used was play-based intervention in case of that play itself was the intervention goal. The most frequently used environment for the intervention was parallel setting of home and treatment room. The majority of studies was for children with ADHD and the most commonly used assessment tool was Test of Playfulness (ToP). Dependent variables measured along with play were language skills, social interactive skills, communication and pragmatic skills, problem-solving skills, caregiver responsiveness, and parent-child interaction. Conclusion : This study help to understand the current state of occupational therapy intervention for improvement of children's play. Starting with the understanding, it is expected that various studies on play of children will be done in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.29-41
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• 2020

Objective : This study was conducted to verify the validity of the content of the Behavioral Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS) following its translation into Korean, to allow the instrument to be used in Korea. Methods : The BPFAS was translated by the researcher and a pediatric occupational therapist with 12 years' experience. To validate the contents of the translated instrument, it was reviewed by three professors in the Department of Occupational Therapy who have taught how to evaluate instruments or conducted related research. The BPFAS was then translated back into English by a professional translator whose native language is English but who is fluent in Korean. The contents of the instrument were verified by using it to survey five parents with normally developed children aged between 9 and 72 months. The BPFAS instrument was successfully revised for use in Korea. Results : The content validity index (CVI) of the Korean version of the evaluation of children's eating behavior was an average of 0.9 points in the fluency area, an average of 0.8 points in the semantic area, and an average of 1 points in the technology area, and the overall average was 0.8 points or more. The average of the content understanding score was 3 points or more. Conclusion : It was confirmed that the Korean version of the BPFAS is an evaluation tool with high content validity and can be usefully used to gather data in clinical trials and research in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2019

Objective : This study was designed to find the latest intervention trends in treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in South Korea. Methods : Studies on ADHD published in Korean journals from January 2004 to December 2018 were reviewed. The databases used were DBpia, Google Scholar, RISS, and KISS. The search terms were "attention deficit hyperactivity," "child," and "intervention." A total of 14 studies were selected. The results of this study were as follows: Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome. Results : The level of evidence was the highest in the single subject study of level IV, and the methodological quality was the most common study. The interventional metronome (IM) intervention was the most frequently used, and the evaluation tools used in the measurement were the Long Form Assessment of the Interactive Metronome and the Korean Behavior Child Checklist. The Korean ADHD interventions showed statistically significant improvement in concentration, hyperactivity, task performance, excessive language use, and timing. Conclusions : Various types of interventions were provided for children with ADHD in South Korea. The interventions showed positive effects, and provided basic data for evidence-based implementation in clinical practice. In the future, a model study should be conducted, to establish an effective service delivery system, as well as ongoing research on children with ADHD.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate trend in use of occupational therapy assessment tools used by pediatric occupational therapist. Methods : Survey questionnaire developed for this study were used to for data collection. The questionnaires are divided into 10 area: occupational performance, activities of daily living, education, play, sensory-perceptual, motor and praxis, cognition, social interaction skills, development, and physical examination. Total 105 responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics analysis and frequency analysis. Results : For the general process of evaluation in pediatric occupational therapy, major response on the initial evaluation time was 30~60minutes (41.9%), and major response on the re-evaluation period was 3~6months (41.0%). The major assessment tool for each area Canadian Occupation Performance Measure (55.2%) for occupational performance assessments, Wee Functional Independence Measure (57.1%) for activities of daily living assessments, School Function Assessment (2.5%) for education assessments, Knox Preschool Play Scale (28.6%) for play assessments, Developmental Test of Visual Perception (94.3%) for sensory-perceptual assessments, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (42.9%) for motor and praxis assessments, Evaluation of Social Interaction (6.1%) for social interaction skills assessments, Denver Developmental Screening Test (92.4%) for development assessments, Clinical Observation (89.5%) for physical examination assessments. Conclusion : The study identified the most assessment tools used for specific area by pediatric occupational therapists. The results can be used as a basic data to educate about pediatric occupational therapy evaluation, as well as to develop new assessment tools in pediatric setting in future.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.50-65
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to analyze researches about sex education for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities in order to provide a basic data and a direction about sex education. Methods : For the systemic review, domestic and international research articles published from August 2008 to September 2018 were searched using the electronic databases PubMed, EBSCO host (CINAHL Plus with full text), Medline (ProQuest), RISS, and KISS. Keyword used for the search was 'Disability Disorder OR Autism (AND) AND (Effect OR Effectiveness)' for international papers and 'Disability AND Sex Education' for domestic papers. Total 15 articles were collected and analyzed in terms of participant, duration, type, contents, and teaching methods with PICO format. Results : In terms of level of evidence, majority was Level III evidence(60%). Most common contents of sex education were 'physical and growth' and 'relational skills'. Special education and occupational therapy were the field that sex education is provided most frequently. Effects of sex education identified were 'sex knowledge', 'sex attitudes', and 'inappropriate sexual behavior'. Conclusion : This study intend aimed to identify content, trends, and effects of sex education for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities in order to provide a basic data for clinical trial of sex education in occupational therapy practice. This study recommend further researches on the effects of sex education on occupational participation, occupational therapists' awareness of sexual activity of clients, and development of related measurement such as sexual development scale.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.41-55
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• 2019

Objective : This study was conducted to validate the content validity of the Korean version of the school setting interview (SSI) that assesses the adequacy of school environments for students aged 9-19. Methods : The Korean version of the SSI, which was completed via a translation-reverse translation process, was verified by conducting a questionnaire on category suitability two times with 35 experts. Results : The content validity index (CVI) for the entire K-SSI tool was .90 in the first test. The "Maps and diagrams" measurement in reading items and the "Taking a shower" measurement in sports activities were both below .75. A second round of verification was conducted after the CVI was modified. As a result, the secondary verification CVI results were further raised to .93. Conclusion : This study confirmed that the K-SSI contains items that are appropriate to Korean culture; it has been proven to have high content validity. Future continuous research and clinical use are required to study the validity and reliability of the K-SSI. Further, this tool should also be applied to students with diverse disabilities who face difficulties in school settings.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.54-68
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• 2021

Objective : This study aimed to analyze and classify the task-oriented training methods used to improve the daily lives of children with cerebral palsy. Methods : The search period from January 2008 to August 2020, and the CINAHL, MEDLINE and PubMed was databases were used. A total of 18 studies was selected, and the PICO method was applied to conduct the systematic review. The training methods were then classified according to task, practice, and feedback as strategies to learn or to exercise control based on prior research. Results : Of the selected studies, 13 reported significant results in the area of motor skills, two of which related to Activities of Daily Living. Discrete and closed were the most common forms of task, and the most used types of practice were whole, part, and blocked, in that order. Finally, feedback was not specifically provided in most studies, followed by extrinsic feedback. Conclusion : Based on this review, task-oriented training for children with cerebral palsy can be made more effective in clinical practice in the future through the systematic selection of techniques that promote exercise control and the presentation of specific methods.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.14-25
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• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of brain-timing training using an Interactive Metronome (IM) on the reading abilities of children with low brain-timing abilities. Methods : A single-group pretest and posttest (retrospective study) were conducted in 8 children whose timing abilities were lower than that for their age average and who were trained from 2019 to 2021. Brain-timing training was conducted 2 or 3 times per week, with 70 sessions in total and 40-50 minutes per session, depending on the developmental characteristics of the child. Changes in brain-timing ability before and after the training were measured using the IM Long-Form Assessment (LFA), and reading ability was measured using the Basic Academic Skills Assessment:Reading (BASA:R). Results : On the basis of the results of the brain-timing ability evaluation using the LFA, the reaction times of all the children during motor tasks were decreased, resulting in statistically significant improvements in their brain-timing abilities (p < .05). Moreover, the raw scores in the BASA:R reading and fill-in-the-blank tests were significantly improved (p < .05). Conclusion : This study is meaningful in that it presents a clinical basis for brain-timing training to improve the reading abilities of children.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.32-43
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• 2021

Objective : This study aimed to verify the construct validity of the Korean version of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 (K-PDMS-2) and its test-retest reliability for children with cerebral palsy (CP) and typical children. Method : To ascertain the construct validity, the K-PDMS-2 evaluation was conducted on 42 children with cerebral palsy and 42 typical children of similar age and gender. Construct validity was proved through comparison with standard scores. Ten of the children with CP were re-evaluated after two weeks to determine test-retest reliability. Results : There was a statistically significant difference in gross motor and fine motor development according to five subtests between the group of children with CP and the typical group (p = .000). For test-retest reliability, the correlation coefficient of the total frequency score was .989, representing very high temporal stability. Conclusion : This study confirmed that K-PDMS-2 is an evaluation tool of high reliability and validity, and a potentially useful future measure for domestic clinical sites and research.