• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.130-142
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• 2021

Background: Climate change is occurring rapidly around the world, and is predicted to have a large impact on biodiversity. Various studies have shown that climate change can alter the geographical distribution of wild bees. As climate change affects the species distribution and causes range shift, the degree of range shift and the quality of the habitats are becoming more important for securing the species diversity. In addition, those pollinator insects are contributing not only to shaping the natural ecosystem but also to increased crop production. The distributional and habitat quality changes of wild bees are of utmost importance in the climate change era. This study aims to investigate the impact of climate change on distributional and habitat quality changes of five wild bees in northwestern regions of Iran under two representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). We used species distribution models to predict the potential range shift of these species in the year 2070. Result: The effects of climate change on different species are different, and the increase in temperature mainly expands the distribution ranges of wild bees, except for one species that is estimated to have a reduced potential range. Therefore, the increase in temperature would force wild bees to shift to higher latitudes. There was also significant uncertainty in the use of different models and the number of environmental layers employed in the modeling of habitat suitability. Conclusion: The increase in temperature caused the expansion of species distribution and wider areas would be available to the studied species in the future. However, not all of this possible range may include high-quality habitats, and wild bees may limit their niche to suitable habitats. On the other hand, the movement of species to higher latitudes will cause a mismatch between farms and suitable areas for wild bees, and as a result, farmers will face a shortage of pollination from wild bees. We suggest that farmers in these areas be aware of the effects of climate change on agricultural production and consider the use of managed bees in the future.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.64
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• pp.239-264
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• 2014

Two types of responses to climate change exist. First is climate mitigation which includes efforts of reducing CO2 and GHG emissions. Second response is climate adaptation process which is establishing climate resilience in the supply chain. The two are inherently different since mitigation strategy focus on eliminating the source of climate change and is long term in nature but adaptation strategy is moderating the impact of potential or current climate change. In order to embed climate resilience in the supply chain, mitigation strategies and adaption strategies must be implemented simultaneously. Corporation's adaptation to climate change related natural disaster can be seen as a response that includes mitigation and adaptation strategies simultaneously. A comprehensive climate change resilience supply chain approach has to be developed. This paper illustrated guidelines and adaptation process framework businesses can utilize in order to build climate resilience. Screening process before the actual assessment of risk was introduced as well as the whole adaptation process of establishing information system and strengthening climate-related operational flexibility.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.437-448
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• 2016

Studies on vulnerability of cultural heritage and adaptation strategy to worldwide climate change have been actively carried out in advanced countries since the late 20th century, and this established a valid research methodology and piled up climate and deterioration dataset in the field of climate change. Meanwhile, we still have tasks to acquire related scientific data despite referencing political researches in Korea. Applying Korean future climate to impact analysis, deterioration of Korean stone heritage is likely prospected to change into complexity in terms of physical, chemical and biological weathering that may bring impacts on conservation business and administrative field of cultural heritage. Further studies will ensure detailed implication of climate change impact on Korean stone heritage by means of down-scaling analysis of areas to local scale and dataset frequency to an hour. It is important to sort out capability and vulnerability of the stone heritage to future environment, and to make an adaption and prevention strategies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.397-397
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• 2019

With the consequences of climate change becoming more evident, research on climate-associated risks has become a basis for climate adaptation and mitigation. Amongst the different sectors and natural resources considered in assessing such risks, drought is one impact to our environment that experiences stress from climate change but is often overlooked and has the potential to bring severe consequences when drought occurs. For example, when temperatures are higher, water demand increases and water supply decreases; when precipitation patterns fluctuate immensely, floods and droughts occur more frequently at greater magnitudes, putting stress on ecosystems. Hence, it is important for us to evaluate drought risk to observe how different climate change and socioeconomic scenarios can affect this vital life resource. In this study, we review the context of drought risk on the basis of climate change impacts and socioeconomic indicators. As underlined in the IPCC AR5 report, the risks are identified by understanding the vulnerability, exposure, and hazards of drought. This study analyzed drought risk on a global scale with different RCP scenarios projected until the year 2099 with a focus on the variables population, precipitation, water resources, and temperature.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2013

Local governments are establishing their own greenhouse gas reduction goal and are playing a important role to respond to climatic changes. However, there are difficulties in quantitative analyses such as estimation of future greenhouse gas emission and computation of reduction potential, which are procedures required to establish mid to long term strategies to realize of low carbon society by each local governments. Also, reduction measures must reflect characteristics of each local government, since the reduction power of each local government can differ according to characteristics of each. In order to establish strategies that reflect characteristics of local governments, types of greenhouse gas emission from cities were classified largely into residential city, commercial city, residential commercial city, agriculture and fishery city, convergence city, and industrial city. As a result of analyzing basic unit of greenhouse gas emission by local government during 2007 in terms of per population, household and GRDP based on the type classification, significant results were deduced for each type. To manage the amount of the national greenhouse gas, reduction measures should be focused on the local governments that emits more than the average of each type's GHG emission.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.198-201
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to evaluate snowmelt impact on watershed hydrology using climate change scenarios on Soyanggang-dam and Chungju-dam watershed. SLURP model was used for analyzing hydrological changes based on climate changes. The results (in years 2050 and 2100) of climate changes scenarios was CCCma CGCM2 of SRES suggested by IPCC and the snow cover map and snow depth was derived from NOAA/AVHRR images. The model was calibrated and verified for dam inflow data from 1998 to 2001.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.515-520
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• 2011

The Climate Change has been emerged as one of the most important social and economic issues and is affecting our daily life. The Post-Kyoto Protocol aims to reduce GHG(Greenhouse Gas) emission and mitigate climate change. Under this protocol, developed countries which are classified as Annex I implements programmes and strategies confronting against the climate change. South Korea has set voluntary GHG reduction goal of 30% reduction compared to BAU(Business As Usual) in 2020 and prepares National GHG inventory system and Negotiated Agreements(NA) with industries. It will affect seriously to industry and transport sector and its obligation to reduce GHG emission will be strengthened gradually. Therefore, there will be large impact on industry structure. In Korea, various strategies against climate change are being prepared as researches of development of GHG emission reduction technologies and integrated GHG emission management system in transport sector. In this study, strategy on climate change in transport sector is proposed by being based on developed countries' respond to climate change in transport sector.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2024

Effect of climate change on the agricultural sector has been predicted and studied, including its effects on coffee cultivation. Climate change can directly impact coffee production or indirectly influence it through its effects on coffee pests. In Indonesia, coffee is a critical export commodity. Climate change can have a large effect on many farmers if it is not addressed appropriately. This study summarizes several studies and data on how climate change affects coffee production and the coffee berry borer (CBB; Hypothenemus hampei) pest in Indonesia. Adaptation plans that can be employed to mitigate impacts of climate change are also summarized.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.89-97
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• 2010

In this study, the impact of climate change on the spatio-temporal behavior of extreme drought events is investigated by comparing drought severity-area-duration curves under present and future climate conditions. In our climate-change impact experiments, the future climate is based on two GCMs(CGCM3.1-T63 and CSIRO-MK3.0). As a result, in the case of CGCM3.1-T63 future drought events are similar to the present, but in the case of CSIRO-MK3.0 future drought risk is likely to increase. Such results indicate that a climate change vulnerability assessment for present water resources supply system is urgent.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.38-38
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• 2023

Pleikrong reservoir with a concrete gravity dam that impound more than 1 billion cubic meter storage volume is one of the largest reservoir in Central Highland of Vietnam. Sedimentation is a major problem in this area and it becomes more severe due to the effect of climate change. Over time, it gradually reduces the reservoir storage capacity affecting to the reliability of water and power supply. This study aims to integrate the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model with 14 bias-corrected GCM/RCM models under two emissions scenarios, representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 to estimate sediment inflow to Pleikrong reservoir in the long term period. The result indicated that the simulated total amount of sediment deposited in the reservoir from 2010 to 2018 was approximately 39 mil m³ which is a 17% underestimate compared with the observed value of 47 mil m³. The results also show the reduction in reservoir storage capacity due to sedimentation ranges from 25% to 62% by 2050, depending on the different climate change models. The reservoir reduced storage volume's rate in considering the impact of climate change is much faster than in the case of no climate change. The outcomes of this study will be helpful for a sustainable and climate-resilient plan of sediment management for the Pleikrongreservoir.