• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.413-423
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• 2011

Service environments are known to have effects on quality recognition in fine-dining and family type restaurants. The current study explores that the effects are also likely in the fast-food type ones. To verify the research method factor and reliability analysis of SPSS version 18.0 are applied. The program is also used to test the influences among variables. With multiple regression analysis the study finds that there is a significant effect of service environment on quality recognition in fast-food type restaurants. The study also finds that employees' uniform and cleanliness are more influential than waiting time which is generally known as a key factor in fast food service restaurants.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.112-118
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• 2013

Air travel demand has recently been growing and establishment and operation of low-cost carriers have been increased. Against this backdrop, low-cost carriers need to figure out diversified customer demand for low-cost carriers and ways to maximize marketing efficiency before applying it to the field so that they can attain superiority to large carriers in increased intensified competition. Low-cost carriers need to be differentiated from other carriers for the purpose of improving profits. Toward this end, this study conducted analysis on importance and satisfaction with carrier choice using IPA with regard to low-cost carrier customers. In conclusion, the paper accurately examined advantages and disadvantages of low-cost carriers compared to general carriers based on results of IPA analysis and suggested managerial strategies to enhance competitiveness based on division into four parts including maintenance and enforcement (1st quadrant, Delay compensation, Booking rapidity, Check rapidity, Crew service, refund service, baggage service, punctuality, transit services, airlines images), concentrated improvement (2nd quadrant, price, Convenience of seat), passive administration (3rd quadrant, Boarding service, cabin cleanliness, flight schedule, whether local crew on board, meal service, in-flight entertainment service), and enhanced satisfaction (4th quadrant, duty-free service, Variety of routes), so that practical suggestions could be presented to employees working in the field.

• Proceedings of the Culinary Society of Korean Academy Conference
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.115-134
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• 2006

This study was conducted during a period from July 4 to 30 to investigate the effect of restaurant environment upon customer's satisfaction and crowdedness awareness. Total 800sets of questionnaire were distributed among major food service corporations. They were 16 restaurants from McDonald, Burger King, Popeyes, KFC, Rits Carlton, Intercontinental, The Westin Chosun, Hilton, Merriot, Outback Steak House, Bennigans, VIPS, Pizza Hut Pul-hyanggi(Scent of grass), Nolboo Co.,, and Our Story, and received 50 see each to hand out to their customers. Out of total 800 sets of questionnaires, 592 sets (74.25% were retrieved and underwent a Multiple Regression Analysis. We found the following results from the study. First among each variable of restaurant environment that had a significant effect on the crowding, 'pTast service' and 'responsiveness to customer complaints' sooted a regression coefficient value 0.381 and 0.325 respectively. Second, among each restaurant environment factor that had a significant effect on crowding, 'quality of facility' sooted the highest regression coefficient value 0.423 with a standard error score 0.1074, fellowed by 'status of waiting', 'overall ambience' and 'service quality' in ascending order. Third, in the analysis of the effect of each environmental factor upon the satisfaction rate, 'status of waiting' showed the highest regression coefficient value 0.3821 with a standard error score 0.4565, followed by 'cleanliness', 'service quality' and 'conveniency', in ascending order.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.12 no.4 s.31
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• pp.63-79
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of restaurant environment upon customers' satisfaction and crowdedness awareness from July 4 to 30. Total 800 sets of questionnaire were distributed among major foodservice corporations including 16 restaurants from McDonald, Burger King, Popeyes, KFC, Ritz Carlton, Intercontinental, The Westin Chosun, Hilton, Merriot, Outback Steak House, Bennigans, VIPS, Pizza Hut, Pul-hyanggi(Scent of grass), Nolboo Co., and Our Story. They received 50 sets each to hand out to their customers. Out of total 800 sets of questionnaires, 592 sets (74.25%) were retrieved and underwent the Multiple Regression Analysis. We found the following results from the study. First, among each variable of restaurant environment that had a significant effect on crowdedness, "fast service" and "responsiveness to customer complaints" scored a regression coefficient value 0.381 and 0.325 respectively. Second, among each restaurant environment factor that had a significant effect on crowdedness, "quality of facilities" scored the highest regression coefficient value 0.423 with a standard error score 0.1074, followed by "condition of waiting", "overall ambience" and "service quality" in ascending order. Third, in the analysis of the effect of each environmental factor upon the satisfaction rate, "condition of waiting" showed the highest regression coefficient value 0.3821 with a standard error score 0.4565, followed by "cleanliness", "service quality" and "convenience', in ascending order.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.80-89
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• 1998

Propulsion subsystem transfers KOMPSAT into mission orbit and controls its attitude. Design factor consists of structure safety, electrical circuit design, consumable power estimation of thermal hardwares, damping device design of fuel transient pressure, and system configuration design by considering plume effect from thruster firing. System level analysis should be performed for verification of system design under launch vehicle and orbital environment. Electrical functional test of thermal control hardware, proof pressure test, cleanliness verification test, and internal/external leakage test of fuel feeding system should be carried out for performance estimation of propulsion system. Design and assembly process of propulsion subsystem was depicted and reliability of system was verified by test analysis in this paper.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.545-570
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore dimensions to improve airline non-face-to-face(untact) service quality and identify shadow work dimensions in the digital environment among them. Methods: This study conducted mixed method. First of all, For finding out the dimensions of airline untact service quality, in-depth interviews were conducted from passengers. The collected data through the survey were analyzed using improved importance-performance analysis(IPA). Second, An online survey was conducted to quantitatively analyze user perception about airline untact service quality, and the importance performance of service quality at each dimension was identified through the revised IPA method. Results: The results of this study are as follows; Through in-depth interviews, 11 dimensions found out and 32 measurement items were developed. and then, through the revised IPA analysis, passengers were highly satisfied with "Cleanliness of in-flight service" and "Reliability of self check-in". Also, We found 3 shadow work dimensions such as "Ease of use of self check-in", "Usefulness of self check-in", and "Responsiveness of self check-in". Conclusion: Airline service providers have to keep high-satisfaction services and urgently improve less satisfied services. In particular, the dimensions related to shadow work have to be improved.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2000

The aims of this study are to evaluate the quality of hospital food services and the evaluate the quality in selected hospitals trough the use of the questionnaires. A survey of 30 hospital food and nutrition service department was undertaken and detailed information was collected from each, including, surveys of 1, 016 patient. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS/win 6.11 package for descriptive analysis, t-test X$^2$-test ANOVA principal component analysis , and cluster analysis and cluster analysis. In the case of patient satisfaction with hospital food and food services, overall satisfaction scores of male and female were 3.54 and 3.45 showing higher levels than the average score(3.00) The aspect of the food and food service which received the lowest ratings by patients was 'meal rounding while dining'. After conduction of factor analysis of variables affecting the patients meal satisfaction 3 groups including the 'menu satisfaction factor', 'service satisfaction factor ' and 'nutrition management satisfaction factor ' were selected. 3 clusters were categorized by the 'service cluster' 'nutrition management cluster', 'men cluster', and 'menu nutrition service cluster' after conducting a cluster analysis with influencing variables affecting patients meal satisfaction. The overview results of patient satisfaction by cluster were : in the case of the service group, such factors as taste, portion size, dealing with complaints while dining meal rounding while dining should be managed with caution In case of the nutrition management group, such factors as taste, portion size, temperature of the food intake, and dependence on hospital food should be managed with care, In the case of the menu groups, such factors as punctuality of meal times, contaminated substances in meals and serving mistakes, cleanliness of dishes, kindness of the server meal rounding while dining should by particularly managed with importance.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study, we will evaluate and analyze the importance and performance of Seongnam Football Club visitors using IPA analysis to present new marketing strategies and improvement plans based on the basis of the audience's perception of the team's priority, low priority, and excessive effort. Research design, data, and methodology: In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the survey was conducted on 120 home spectators of Seongnam Football Club, and the analysis of the data was conducted using SPSS Window Version 21.0. Data were analyzed via frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, corresponding sample t-test, and IPA analysis. Findings are as follows. Results: First, the first quadrant showed 'The convenience of access to the stadium', 'Parking lot convenience', 'Tournament schedule guidance', 'Providing information about player', 'Providing information about the team', 'Ticket reservation method'. Second, the second quadrant showed 'Players' fan service', 'Cleanliness of toilets', 'A player's level of performance', 'Team's level of play', 'A match against a rival team'. Third, the third quadrant showed 'Indication of facility guidance', 'Seat comfort', 'Team's Star Player Possession', 'Various participation events', 'Gift recommendation'. Fourth, the fourth quadrant showed 'Player-related promotion through media', 'Promote match schedules through media', 'Entrance convenience', 'Ticket Price'. Conclusions: Based on these findings, Factor in first quadrant, fourth quadrant should be kept. On the other hand, factors in second quadrant should be improved as soon as possible while factors in third quadrant can be improved through new marketing strategies in the future. Future implications were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.152-162
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to: a) examine foreign customers’ satisfaction and expectations for the food and service attributes of Korean restaurants located in the U.S., b) measure the gap between the satisfaction and expectations for food and service attributes, c) analyze through IPA analysis the crucial attributes needing improvement in order to minimize the discrepancy between customers’ expectations and performance, and d) analyze the effects of factors related to the food and service attributes on overall customer satisfaction in regard to Korean restaurant selection. A total of 255 American customers who had visited four Korean restaurants located within metropolitan and rural areas of the U.S. were surveyed for this study. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, factor analysis, and multiple regression, were performed using the SPSS statistical package (12.0). The American customers’ overall satisfaction of the food and services offered by the Korean restaurants was relatively high, with the exception of tangible service attributes such as comfortable chairs, restroom cleanliness, and restaurant interior. The urban foreign customers, however, were dissatisfied with the use of healthful ingredients in Korean food, because their expectation level toward this aspect exceeded their satisfaction level. In terms of Korean restaurant selection, tangible services related to the restaurant facilities were identified as the critical factor having an effect on American customer satisfaction.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.1340-1349
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• 2017

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological and cellular milk profile for the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in female buffaloes and to assess risk factors for predisposition of the disease. Methods: Analyses were carried out by standard plate count (SPC), identification of species and antibiotic resistance, somatic cell count (SCC), electrical electrical conductivity of milk (ECM), and lactoferrin content in milk. Teat cups were swabbed to evaluate risk factors, observing hyperkeratosis, milking vacuum pressure and cleanliness of the site. Hence, 30 female buffaloes were randomly selected (15 from a group in early lactation and 15 in late lactation). Results: The most common bacteria in the microbiological examination were Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Corynebacterium sp. In the antibiotic sensitivity test, 10 (58.82%) of the 17 antibiotics tested were sensitive to all isolates, and resistant bacteria were Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus haemolyticus, and Escherichia coli. It was observed that positive samples in the microbiological examination showed total bacterial count between $9.10{\times}10^3$ to $6.94{\times}10^6$ colony forming units/mL, SCC between 42,000 to 4,320,000 cells/mL and ECM ranging from 1.85 to 7.40 mS/cm. It was also found that the teat cups had high microbial counts indicating poor hygiene, and even faults in the cleanliness of the animals' waiting room were observed. It is concluded that values of SCC above 537,000 cells/mL and ECM above 3.0 mS/mL are indications of mammary gland infection for this herd; however, the association of these values with a microbiological analysis is necessary to more accurately evaluate the health status of mammary glands with subclinical mastitis. Conclusion: Through phenotypic characterization of bacteria involved in the samples, the genera Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Corynebacterimum bovis were the most prevalent in this study. Faults in environment and equipment hygienization are factors that are directly associated with mastitis.