• 제목/요약/키워드: Clay figures

검색결과 14건 처리시간 0.028초

고신라기 토우에 나타난 복식 연구 (A Study on the Costume Represented in Clay Figures of Ancient Shilla Dynasty)

  • 권준희
    • 복식
    • /
    • 제51권4호
    • /
    • pp.57-69
    • /
    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the costume represented In human clay figures of ancient Shilla dynasty. The results of this study could be summarized as follows: 1. Horse-riding clay figures of Gumryoung tomb. At first, human-A wears a brimed-triangular hat, a Jacket, a checked pants. The brimed-triangular hat is decorated with bird-feather shape. Besides, a jacket is tied with a waist belt, and the waist belt is connected with a shoulder belt and a squared block of back. Also round bells are decorated 15 in the hat, 4 In connection points of the waist belt and the shoulder belt, and 13 in the squared block of back. Human-B wears a hairband type hempen hood, a Jacket, a pants with vertical stripes. and something is rounded from right shoulder to left side. It is one of the symbols as a shaman. 2. Other clay figures. The hats examined from other clay figures are \circled1 Triangular hat, \circled2Hat decorated with bird-feather shape, \circled3 Brined hat and \circled4 Hairband type hempen hood. Next, six kinds of hair styles examined are \circled1 a topknot, \circled2 a slanted topknots, \circled3 two topknots on both sides, \circled4(round) chignon, \circled5 hair tied at the top and plastered down, and tile last, \circled6 ponytailed style on both sides. The costume examined is a jacket and a pants.

  • PDF

부여 정림사지 도용 복원을 위한 농관 복식 연구 (A Study on Long-guan Costume to restore Clay Figures in Bu-yeo Jeong-lim Buddist Temple Foundation)

  • 박현정
    • 복식
    • /
    • 제51권6호
    • /
    • pp.25-38
    • /
    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the character and costume of the long-guan clay figures that were excavated in Bu-yeo Jeong-lim Buddist temple foundation. For this, we first examine the Chinese official uniforms with long-guan, classify the types of long-guan, and then investigate the costume that is worn with long-guan. There are three types of long-guan in China, and that of the clay figures in Jeong-lim Buddist temple foundation is of type 1. Therefore, the characters of the clay figures are woman servants, and their costume is either blouse-and-trousers or blouse-and-skirt.

  • PDF

경주황성동고분출토(慶州隍城洞古墳出土) 토용(土俑)의 복식사적의미(服飾史的意味) (A STUDY ON THE COSTUME REPRESENTED IN CLAY FIGURES HWANGSUNG-DONG BURIAL TOMB)

  • 구인숙
    • 복식
    • /
    • 제13권
    • /
    • pp.21-37
    • /
    • 1989
  • In May 1987, 11 clay icons and other stone products were excavated in an abandoned ancient tomb which was located in 541-1 Hwangsung-dong, Kyungju. 6 clay figures of them were depicted realistically man's features and postures, costume at that time that they gave a lot of significance to the fields of Korean Costume's Academic Society. The main purpose of this thesis is to study the background of costume history when it was made and its formal characteristics with the study of those 6 clay figures. Shilla accepted the customs and attires of Sui and T'ang by means of frequent in coming and out going Chinese envoy as well as Shilla's envoy, monks, hostages, and students in China. From that period, the diversity of Shilla's costume began to develop by introducing Tang's style into Shilla's costume. Crested hat of men's clothing of the clay figures in Hwangsung- Dong is Bokdu Men's figure II wore Bokdu which Hugak is attached to Byunhyung. The garment is a Po and it is a tight sleeve and silhouette's Banryungpo. The horizontal line of hemline of men's figure 1 can be presumed by expression of Ran though it is not as accurate as the clay figues in Yongg-ang-Dong. As for torso part 1, it can not be known the style of the crested hat because the head part was damaged, but it were shoes, belt and common sleeve, Banryungpo on tight sleeve shirt and tight trouser. The hair style of the women's clothing in Hwangsung-dong clay figure is Bukkye peculiar to Korea. The costume was slim silhouette that people wore tight sleeve and short blouse and long skirt and belted on their bosom which dresses style was in vogue from late Sui dynasty to the early years of the Tang period. The silh ouette of slim silhouette's high waist which can be seen in the women's dresses is mainly worn by Chinese and affected Shilla's costume. Therefore the dresses style of the clay figures in Hwagsung-Dong, it is considered it is a dresses style of tight sleeves and slim silhouette together with the adaptation and abolition of foreign elements on the basis of Shilla's own elements like Bukkye hair style and tight sleeve and silhouette. The style of Yonggang-Dong's clay figures expresses spherical gei and common sleeve, loose silhouette of flourishing Tang's costumes planly whereas the style of Hwangsung-Dong's clay costumes expresses refined spirit of the Shilla(Shillaism) though it is extremly simple.

  • PDF

CT 조사를 통한 부여 능산리사지 출토 소조보살상의 제작 기법과 재료적 특성 연구 (A Study on the Production Techniques and Raw Material Characteristics of Clay Bodhisattva Excavated from the Neungsan-ri Temple Site Using CT)

  • 신연홍;노지현;김지호;박학수
    • 박물관보존과학
    • /
    • 제29권
    • /
    • pp.153-162
    • /
    • 2023
  • 소조상은 흙을 이용해 형상을 새기거나 빚어서 만든 것으로 특히 백제의 소조상은 주로 사찰과 관련된 유적에서 확인되고 있어, 백제의 불교미술을 연구하는 데 중요한 정보를 제공한다. 백제 소조상과 관련한 연구는 출토 위치에 따른 백제 사찰의 성격과 소조상의 역할, 지역별·형태적 특징 비교를 통한 제작 기법 연구 등이 주를 이루고 있다. 특히 소조상의 제작 기법에 관한 연구는 육안 관찰에 의한 경우가 대부분으로 보다 상세한 제작 기법과 사용 재료 등을 파악하기 위해서는 정밀한 과학적 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 부여 능산리사지에서 출토된 소조보살상을 대상으로 컴퓨터 단층촬영을 진행하고, 소조상의 제작 기법과 재료적 특징을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 소조보살상은 얇은 나뭇가지 또는 갈대류 여러 개를 지푸라기 등으로 묶어 원통형으로 만든 심을 사용하여 제작하였음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 수비 과정을 거친 매우 고운 태토를 사용하였고, 태토의 내부에는 태토 간의 접착성을 높이고 수축 과정에서의 균열과 갈라짐을 방지하는 초본류가 존재했었던 흔적을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 입자가 고운 태토는 소조상의 내부와 외부의 밀도가 다르게 관찰되었는데, 이를 통해 소조보살상은 원통형의 심을 중심으로 태토를 접합하여 형태를 만들고 그 위에 다시 태토를 덧바른 다음, 세부 형태와 문양을 제작하였음을 알 수 있었다.

산해리도가 다른 무기산에 의한 토양 입자 표면 특성 (Characteristics of composition and surface morphology of soil particles influenced by inorganic acids with different acidity)

  • 이동성;이교석;신지수;이재봉;주리나;이명연;민세원;정덕영
    • 농업과학연구
    • /
    • 제42권3호
    • /
    • pp.191-199
    • /
    • 2015
  • We conducted this research to observe the changes of surface morphology and composition of clay minerals influenced by various concentrations of fluoric acid. Hydrofluoric acid (HA), a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water, is a colourless solution that is highly corrosive, capable of dissolving many materials, especially oxides. To do this, we treated several concentrations of HA on the ground soil samples collected from the agricultural experimental station located at Chungnam National University to observe the influence of fluoric acid on the changes of surface structures and elemental composition of clay particles. Generally, microscopic examination showed that the HA can not only attack an edge of clay particles but also start at any point where structural defects and weaknesses predisposed sites to acid. The orderly flake arrangement of clay minerals may reflect certain crystal symmetry elements. The ESEM-EDS results of element composition of clay particles influenced by HA indicated the changes of structures of clay minerals. It is also clear from the formation of etch figures and element composition of clay particles that the product layer at least partially dissolved or disintegrated in the presence of acid. Conclusively, the clay structures can be strongly influenced by concentrations of HA, resulting in changes of physical and chemical properties that can determine the behavior of solute transport as well as mobility of ions in soils.

조선시대 영당(影堂)의 건립 경향과 예학(禮學) 확산 이후의 변화 (Research on the Tendency of Young-Dang Construction and Changes after spreading the Study of Confucian Courtesy in Joseon Dynasty)

  • 배창현
    • 건축역사연구
    • /
    • 제30권4호
    • /
    • pp.17-29
    • /
    • 2021
  • Young-dang(影堂) is a ritual pavilion where figures of a dedicated person is enshrined. According to literature, establishment of Young-dang architecture is thought to have the affinity with Buddhist tradition in the beginning of its history. A tradition of enshrining figure could be found especially in Buddhism. Until the mid Joseon dynasty, enshrining figure made of wood, clay and bronze was quite often at Young-dang. In Confucian ritual tradition, a pavilion where enshrining ancestor's sprit tablet called Sadang(祠堂) or Myo(廟). In regarding portrait is a sort of figure, it has to be concerned with Buddhist ritual tradition. For this reaseon, Young-dang started to be distinguished from older aspect of existence in mid Joseon dynasty when the study of Confucian courtesy widely spread. It show the transformation process of Young-dang architecture from Buddhist tradition to Confucian tradition in J oseon dynasty.

현장발생토 활용 식재기반 조성유형별 소나무 생육 특성 평가 (Growth Characteristic of Pinus densiflora by Soil Generated at Civil Works Site)

  • 오득균;김필립;윤용한;김원태
    • 한국환경과학회지
    • /
    • 제28권8호
    • /
    • pp.655-667
    • /
    • 2019
  • This research aims to identify the possibility of developing A horizon resources that can be used for construction and civil engineering work. As such, the utility of A horizon resources was examined by establishing planting ground through a mixture of soil layers and by analyzing the growth and development of Pinus densiflora. The physicochemical and physical properties of the soil were as follows: the A horizon was sandy clay loam, B horizon was sandy loam, and the mixture of two layers appeared as sandy loam, which was identical to the B horizon. The experimental groups did not show any significant difference in their physical properties of porosity and degree of water-stable aggregates. With regards to chemical properties, the A horizon as well as the mixture of A and B horizon showed acidity while the B horizon showed alkalinity. The figures of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphate, and replaceable potassium were greater as the A horizon content increased, whereas the figures of replaceable calcium, replaceable magnesium, and conductivity increased as the A horizon content decreased. As a result of the growth and development of Pinus densiflora in each planting ground, the final survival rates were all above 100%. However, the tree height and the rate of growth for the diameter of root were higher in the order of A horizon > A horizon + B horizon > B horizon,indicating that the increased A horizon content is related to the growth and development of Pinus densiflora. The treatment of soil with improvement agents, used to recover the functions of in-situ soil showing poor growth and development, did not have a clear impact on the soil texture and porosity. However, the degree of water-stable aggregates increased significantly when using O horizon as the soil improvement agent among the types of in-situ soil. In contrast, all items related to the chemical properties showed significant differences following the treatment by soil improvement agents. The survival rate according to the treatment of soil improvement agents for the growth and development of Pinus densiflora was higher in the order of organic horizon = no treatment > compound fertilizer > organic fertilizer + compound fertilizer > organic fertilizer; this result was statistically significant with a marginal significance value of the log-rank test(p < 0.05).

하중 및 기초조건에 따른 GCP 복합지반의 거동분석 (Analysis of Behavior on GCP Composite Ground Considering Loading and Foundation Conditions)

  • 김경업;박경호;김대현
    • 한국지반신소재학회논문집
    • /
    • 제17권1호
    • /
    • pp.127-137
    • /
    • 2018
  • 쇄석다짐말뚝(Gravel Compaction Pile, 이하 GCP)는 느슨한 사질토지반이나 연약한 점토지반에 쇄석을 다지고 압입하여 원지반에 말뚝을 조성함으로써 지반을 개량하는 공법이다. 국내 GCP공법은 많은 연구자들이 실내실험, 현장실험 등을 이용해 GCP 복합지반의 응력거동을 분석하였으나, GCP 복합지반의 상부에 재하되는 매트기초의 강성 차이에 따른 거동분석은 다소 미미한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수치해석을 통해 기초의 강성 차이에 따라 응력분담비를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 유한요소 해석프로그램인 ABAQUS를 이용하여 치환율을 변화시켜 모델링하고, 강성 차이에 따라 복합지반의 응력분담비와, 침하량 및 최대 수평변위량을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 강성기초의 하중재하시 응력분담비는 연성기초의 하중재하보다 높게 평가되었으며, 연성하중재하조건에서의 침하량은 강성조건에서 보다 다소 높은 경향이 나타났다. 이는 상부기초의 강성 차이에 대한 응력거동 특성을 명확히 규명해야 할 필요성이 있다고 판단된다. 또한, 최대 수평변위는 강성의 차이에 상관없이 일정한 위치에서 최대 변위가 발생하였다.

고려시대 사람들의 삶과 전통의상에 대한 고찰 (A Study of People's Lives and Traditional Costumes in Goryeo Dynasty)

  • 최규성
    • 복식문화연구
    • /
    • 제12권6호
    • /
    • pp.1060-1069
    • /
    • 2004
  • We can study and judge the costumes of the Three Kingdom period through an ancient tomb murals and various burial mound(clay) figures, however, it is quite difficult to search for costumes of the Goryeo period ($960{\sim}1392$), because dresses from this era were rarely found, related antiquities are limited and hard to survive. This is the reason why people say that the Goryeo Dynasty is the period of undiscovered era for its history of costumes in Korea. Fortunately, these days, there are various kinds of buddhist statues discovered with its burial accessories such as costumes and dyed fabrics of the Goryeo era. Through these, we can glimpse through the Goryeo cloths and develop our researches on this field. In addition, a man called Seo Geung(서긍, the Chinese scholar Xu Jing) wrote a book in the 12th century about peoples lives in Goryeo and in this book, there are few documents about the people's costumes which help us to understand the period's traditional dresses. In this paper, we will look for the traditional costumes which were formed and developed through people's lives in Goryeo, using remains from various burial accessories in buddhist statues as well as the documents related to the costumes written in ${\ll}$Goryeosa 고려사${\gg}$. Moreover, costumes of a period usually developed and influenced by the atmosphere of people's lives both economically and mentally, therefore, in this study, we will especially focus on the dresses of the bureaucratic officials and their wives, who led comfortable lives and latitude of mind. Through the records, like Silla, Goryeo exported Sehjeo(세저) and Sehjoongmapo(세중마포) to China. And we found out that Silla's skillful weaving techniques of hemp and ramie cloths were succeeded to Goryeo. According to above facts, Goryeo people made clothes with various kinds of fabrics such as, different sorts of silks, ramie, hemp cloths and cottons. They also have very skillful manufacturing techniques for certain textiles. Their official robes were generally influenced by Tang and Song Dynasty, but, like ordinary people, we found out that the government officials also wore baji(pants) and a jeogor(jacket), which were traditional costumes since the Unified Silla Kingdom with various coats. Especially, women's costumes such as jeoksam(unlined summer jacket) and hansam(한삼), which are sort of jeogori(jacket), baji(pants) and chima(skirts) were made of various kinds of silks and ramie cloths, that were generated from the Goguryeo Kingdom, with jikryeongpo(a long jacket and striped skirt).

  • PDF

영남지역 국도에 사용된 흙의 CBR 특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on CBR Characteristics of National Highway in Yeongnam Region)

  • 박영목;이고현;김낙석;조규태
    • 대한토목학회논문집
    • /
    • 제36권3호
    • /
    • pp.535-543
    • /
    • 2016
  • 국토교통부 부산지방국토관리청에서 영남지역의 국도건설을 위해 수행된 약 30년간의 총 480개 시험데이터를 이용하여 지역별 및 모암 특성별로 나누어 흙쌓기재료의 기초적인 토질정수의 통계치를 나타내고 각 토질정수간의 상관성을 분석하였다. 특히 CBR값과 흙의 토질특성간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 영남지역의 흙 시료는 SM이 163개로 약 34%를 점하며, SC, CL 및 SP를 합하면 4종의 흙이 전체 시료의 약 79%에 해당한다. 영남지역의 조립토의 평균 CBR값은 12.7~20.3%의 범위를 나타내며, 세립토는 평균 CBR값이 4.8%~7.1%의 범위를 나타내며 조립토에 비해 약 절반 이하였다. 자연함수비, No.200체 통과율, 최적함수비 및 최대건조밀도 등이 CBR값과 좋은 상관관계를 나타내며, No.200체 통과율이 가장 높은 상관성을 가짐을 알았다. 또한 영남지역을 모암의 특성에 따라 행정구역을 6 zone으로 구분하여 각각의 상관성을 검토한 결과, 상관성이 증가됨을 알았다. 향후 기술자가 본 연구결과를 활용하면 영남지역의 행정구역별, 모암특성별 및 토질분류별 개략적 토질특성 파악과 각 토질정수간의 상관성을 파악하는데 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.