• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.98-105
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• 2021

The sensory stimulation of a cosmetic product has been deemed to be an ancillary aspect until a decade ago. That point of view has drastically changed on different levels in just a decade. Nowadays cosmetic formulators should unavoidably meet the needs of consumers who want sensory satisfaction, although they do not have much time for new product development. The selection of new products from candidate products largely depend on the panel of human sensory experts. As new product development cycle time decreases, the formulators wanted to find systematic tools that are required to filter candidate products into a short list. Traditional statistical analysis on most physical property tests for the products including tribology tests and rheology tests, do not give any sound foundation for filtering candidate products. In this paper, we suggest a deep learning-based analysis method to identify hand cream products by raw electric signals from tribological sliding test. We compare the result of the deep learning-based method using raw data as input with the results of several machine learning-based analysis methods using manually extracted features as input. Among them, ResNet that is a deep learning model proved to be the best method to identify hand cream used in the test. According to our search in the scientific reported papers, this is the first attempt for predicting test cosmetic product with only raw time-series friction data without any manual feature extraction. Automatic product identification capability without manually extracted features can be used to narrow down the list of the newly developed candidate products.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.62-76
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• 2019

The importance of color is increasing in modern life and we call such present age that is 'color age'. These day that all areas of life are being getting fashionize, ordinary people as well as design specialist are required of culture and knowledge about color. Color design education is important curriculum at liberal arts course and in special design trainning course. Color expresses by hue, value and chroma in Munsell color system. But design spot is using mainly hue and tone color system. Therefore it is very important that educate tone concept in color design education. When think influence that increase of color, we must develop hue and tone color system in suitable for color design education. This research designed usable 'Hue and Tone 313 Colot System' for efficeint sensual color education. Also I designed 313 color papers with attached the Munsell notation which could reappear the spare color paper when needed. The 10 hues classification of this system are Red, Yellow Red, Yellow, Green Yellow, Green, Blue Green, Blue, Purple Blue, Purple, Red Purple. The 19 tones classification of this system are vivid, light, standard, deep, pale, soft, dull, dark, very pale, light grayish, medium grayish, dark grayish, very dark, off White, off Pale, off Light Gray, off Medium Gray, off Dark Gray, off Black. The special colors of this system are gold, silver and copper.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze NSSI (Non-suicidal Self-Injury) and upcoming papers to review research achievements and endpoints and current problems. Analysis data necessary for the study were collected through the classification procedure as domestic suspension during the mandatory period related to self-harm from 2010 to the present. As a result of analysis according to classification categories (general characteristics, study subjects, research variables, program utilization), first, domestic studies related to non-suicidal self-harm increased steadily through 2019 and 2022 after increasing in 2017 (three articles) showing shape. Second, changes in the characteristics of the research subjects began to appear. If previous studies had mainly focused on adolescents who experienced self-harm, it was expanded to early adulthood (college students), and the subjects of the study diversified to include those who had experienced self-harm cessation, counselors, and parents. Third, various research methods began to appear. Compared to 2017, when quantitative research was active, research was conducted that applied various qualitative research methods (narrative, phenomenology, grounded theory, meta-analysis, case study). Finally, discussion of the research results and suggestions for future research were added.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.802-814
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• 1993

This paper propose an algorithm for preprocessing of character recognition, which classify characters into Hangeul and Hanja. In this study, we use the 9 structural chacteristics of Hanja which isn't affected by deformation of size and style of characters and rates based on character size to classify characters. Firstly, we process the blocking to segment each characters. Secondly, on this segmented characters, we apply algorithm proposed in this paper to classify Hangeul and Hanja. Finally, we classify characters into Hangeul and Hanja, respectively. An experiment with 2350 Hangeul and 4888 Hanja printed Gothic and Mincho style of KS-C 5601 are carried out. We experiment on typeface sample book, newspapers, academic society's papers, magazines, textbooks and documents written out word processor to obtain the classifying rates of 98.8%, 92%, 96%, 98% and 98%, respectively.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.79-97
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the clinical effects of neurofeedback training on reducing anxiety. Methods: Eight databases were used to extract clinical reports on neurofeedback intervention for anxiety reduction published until 2016. We analyzed the characteristics of selected studies and evaluated biases using the Risk of Bias (RoB) assessment. Results: A total of 22 clinical trials were extracted for the analysis. The risk of bias in most studies was high or unclear. The Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders-3 (CCMD-3) was the most frequently used diagnostic criteria, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA) was the most frequently used assessment tool, and the alpha wave activity increase, sensorimotor rhythm (SMR), and theta wave training were the most frequently used intervention methods. All papers showed a statistically significant decrease of anxiety symptoms; however, significant adverse events were not reported. Conclusions: Neurofeedback intervention might be beneficial for reducing anxiety. However, the quality of the studies used in the analysis was low, and the heterogeneity of the population and interventions was revealed. Therefore, more scientifically designed clinical studies regarding neurofeedback training are required.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.289-298
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• 2013

The purposes of this article are understanding the meaning of yin deficiency interpreted with a perspective of Traditional Korean Medicine and a modern perspective a study and assigning modern diseases to yin deficiency pattern types. Clinical papers were searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 1995 to 2013. Results are as follows. First, yin deficiency written in the "Neijing" has been understood in many ways. It is translated such as deficiency of yin qi, inner qi, essence, cubit pulse, yin meridians qi, viscera yin and kidney. Second, yin deficiency pattern are related with disorders of the endocrine system, immunity, energy metabolism, blood circulation, cytokine, microelements, lipid metabolism and capability of getting rid of oxygen free radicals. Third, from pattern types, diverse diseases classified in types involving the heat from yin deficiency, which reflects pathologic conditions of deficiency heat which is distinct characteristics of yin deficiency pattern. Various diseases classified in types related with liver or kidney are reported, which reflects two viscera are more related with yin deficiency than other viscera. Fourth, levels of pattern types surveyed are more specific than Korean Standard Classification of Diseases(KCD) and specific enough to be applied clinically. This article surveyed the categories of modern diseases yin deficiency pattern types is assigned to but the detailed relation between them will be necessary to be studied in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.2 s.95
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• pp.87-94
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• 1999

The automated die design program is developed for cold forging of axisymmetric parts which are mainly produced by forward extrusion, backward extrusion, composite extrusion and upsetting. For this study, firstly classification of forged parts and investigation of die construction type usually employed in forging industry are carried out and the most proper type from several kinds of die construction is proposed as a standardized one. Based on the die design rules summarized in the references such as handbooks, technical papers, monthly journals, etc. the automated die design program was made using AutoLISP language available in AutoCAD software of personal computer. This program interactively runs for only input data, for example, forging process, shape of forged parts, type of punch, split of die insert and design of shrinkage rings and then displays details of drawings necessary to make a forging die. When a variety of forging processes and forged parts are tested to examine the validity of this program, it was confirmed to give good results applicable to the forging die design in press shop.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2016

Causal inference methodologies have been developed for the past decade to estimate the unconfounded effect of an exposure under several key assumptions. These assumptions include, but are not limited to, the stable unit treatment value assumption, the strong ignorability of treatment assignment assumption, and the assumption that propensity scores be bounded away from zero and one (the positivity assumption). Of these assumptions, the first two have received much attention in the literature. Yet the positivity assumption has been recently discussed in only a few papers. Propensity scores of zero or one are indicative of deterministic exposure so that causal effects cannot be defined for these subjects. Therefore, these subjects need to be removed because no comparable comparison groups can be found for such subjects. In this paper, using currently available causal inference methods, we evaluate the effect of arbitrary cutoffs in the distribution of propensity scores and the impact of those decisions on bias and efficiency. We propose a tree-based method that performs well in terms of bias reduction when the definition of positivity is based on a single confounder. This tree-based method can be easily implemented using the statistical software program, R. R code for the studies is available online.

• International Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology Speciallssue:Selected Papers
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2001

The characteristics of elastic waves emanating from crack initiation in 2024 and 5052 aluminum alloys subject to static and fatigue loading are investigated through laboratory experiments. The objective of the study is to determine difference in the properties of the signals generated from static and fatigue tests and also to examine if the sources of the waves could be identified from the temporal and spectral characteristics of the acoustic emission (AE) waveforms. The signals are recoded using non-resonant, flat, broadband transducers attached to the surface of the alloy specimens. The time dependence and power spectra of the signals recorded during the tests were examined and classified according to their special features. Three distinct types of signals were observed. The waveforms and their power spectra were found to be dependent on the material and the type of fracture associated with the signals. Analysis of the waveforms indicated that some signals could be attributed to plastic deformation associated with static tests. The potential application of the approach in health monitoring of aging aircraft structures using a network of surface mounted broadband sensors is discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.835-852
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• 2014

Despite the availability of other transport methods such as land and air transportations, marine transportation is the most preferred and widely used transportation method in the world because of its economical advantages. In service, ships experience cyclic loading. Hence, it can be said that fatigue fracture, which occurs due to cyclic loading, is one of the most critical failure modes for vessels. Accordingly, this makes fatigue failure prevention an important design requirement in naval architecture. In general, a ship structure contains many structural components. Because of this, structural modeling typically relies on Finite Element Analysis (FEA) techniques. It is possible to increase fatigue performance of the ship structures by using FEA in computer aided engineering environment. Even if literature papers as well as rules of classification societies are available to assess effect of fatigue cracks onto the whole ship structure, analytical studies are relatively scarce because of the difficulties of modeling the whole structure and obtaining reliable fatigue life predictions. As a consequence, the objective of this study is to improve fatigue strength of a mercantile vessel against fatigue loads via analytical method. For this purpose, the fatigue life of the mercantile vessel has been investigated. Two different type of fatigue assessment models, namely Coffin-Manson and Morrow Mean stress approaches, were used and the results were compared. In order to accurately determine the fatigue life of the ship, a nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted considering plastic deformations and residual stresses. The results of this study will provide the designer with some guidelines in designing mercantile vessels.