• 영어영문학
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.661-692
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• 2009

From the Darwinian perspective, all the human behaviors and thoughts are operated by "the selfish gene," the term coined by Richard Dawkins, which has long been evolving to survive by utilizing the limited quality and quantity of resources. And an organism which fails to regenerate by creating its "replicator" is doomed to extinction, for gene combinations which help an organism to survive and reproduce tend to also improve the gene's own chances of being passed on through generations. Dawkins also coins the term "meme" for a unit of human cultural evolution analogous to the gene, suggesting that such selfish replication may also be the principle for human culture. Ian McEwan is not only a controversial but more importantly influential writer in the 21st century academic world. His 1997 book Enduring Love is not exceptional in that it draws both literary and scientific attention. Intentionally set up with the dynamic conflict between the two cultures, namely art and science, the book explores the way in which the state of the modern minds is misinterpreted and estranged by each other. In this novel, the three main protagonists, Joe, Clarissa, and Jed, each representing the very important three elements of human civilization-cognition/science, emotion/art, and faith/religion-meet an unexpected peril of life. The author of the novel employs the narrative of evolutionary science-in particular the narratives of gene and meme-to provoke the question of the two cultures famously addressed by Snow in the mid 20th century and the further discussions followed by the later Darwinian scholars such as Richard Dawkins. In this paper I aim to illustrate the way in which the author develops the idea of gene science and literature and how he proceeds to provide a sophisticated bridge between the two cultures and induce a kind of consilience by the recurrent name of love in the story of Enduring Love.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2024

Background: As the quantity and complexity of radiological interventions are constantly increasing, gear that offers optimal protection while maintaining mobility and a low weight burden is becoming more important. A newly developed exoskeleton radiation protection system (ERPS) (StemRad MD; StemRad Ltd.) can carry the weight of the shielding. The aim of our study was to analyze initial experience, especially in terms of advantages and disadvantages, with this new ERPS in interventional radiology. Materials and Methods: Forty-six interventions utilizing the ERPS were analyzed. The interventional radiologists completed a 15-question survey evaluating various aspects of the protective system, including weight, mobility, comfort, and radiation protection adequacy. Results and Discussion: In 98% of procedures, interventionalists reported being very satisfied (89%) or slightly satisfied (9%) and would recommend the system to colleagues. The exoskeleton system was rated as 100% comfortable, not too heavy, and did not restrict mobility in 98% of cases. Conclusion: The ERPS is a recommendable alternative to standard lead aprons, providing flexibility, comfort, and effective weight distribution without restricting mobility.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.198-209
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• 2016

영화 <늑대소년>은 여성관객의 숨겨진 본래적 욕망을 늑대를 통해 은유적으로 묘사하고 있다. 대부분의 늑대이야기는 인류 역사에서 체득된 늑대에 대한 공포와 두려움을 그리고 문화적으로 악의 상징으로서의 늑대에 대한 심적 응징의 보상 등을 담고 있다. 본 연구는 물리적 공포와 처벌대상의 늑대가 아닌 내면 깊숙이 자리하고 있는 원형적 야성의 은유로서의 늑대에 주목했다. 사춘기 순이의 괴기스런 늑대인간에 대한 경험과 노년의 순이가 이를 회상하는 가운데 여성의 본래적 (성적) 욕망이 모습을 드러낸다. <늑대소년>에 성적 묘사는 없다. 하지만 주인공 순이의 늑대소년과의 교감을 통한 자아성장과정 속에서 프로이의 성이론, 성적 욕망의 억압과 해소 그리고 승화의 메커니즘을 읽어본다. 브뤼노 베틀하임의 전래동화 "빨간모자"의 분석을 통해 사춘기 순이의 본래적 욕망을 분석하고 크리스티바 에스테스의 늑대이야기를 통해서는 노년의 순이가 잊고 있었던 여성의 야생성을 역 추적한다. 본 연구는 <늑대소년>이 생물학적 존재에서 사회적 존재로 거듭나는 가운데 억압되고 제거된 아니면 숨겨져 있던 여성의 본래적 욕망을 재 각성시키고 있음을 분석하였다. 표면적으로 <늑대소년>이 잔잔한 로맨스의 달콤함을 보여주지만 내면적으로는 환타지한 늑대인간과의 사랑을 통해 억압과 금기에 대한 저항의 쾌락과 연계된다.