• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.653-660
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• 2010

Pulsatillae Radix and Cicadidae Periostracum have long been used for treatment of injuries, inflammations or itchiness in Korea. This study was carried out to examine the acne-remedy effects of the mixture made with equal parts of Pulsatillae Radix extract and Cicadidae Periostracum extract (PRCP) compared with 2%-benzoyl peroxide (Standard) used commercially as anti-acne. The results showed the mixture (PRCP) was more effective than each crude drug extract. The 10%-PRCP showed significant antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, the major cause of acne, and also showed significant inhibition from type 1 $5{\alpha}$-reductase ($5{\alpha}R$), another cause of acne, And the cream made with PRCP demonstrated anti-sebum and acne-improvement effects on examinee's facial skin.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2021

The chemical investigation of the 90% EtOH extract from Cicadidae Periostracum led to the isolation and identification of seven known N-acetyldopamine dimers (1-7). These compounds were identified by comparing mass spectrometry data and NMR spectroscopic data with those previously reported. In this study, complete interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR data of 1 and 2 were reported for the first time. In addition, compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from this material for the first time. All isolates were obtained as racemic mixtures, as confirmed by chiral HPLC. Furthermore, we evaluated the neuroprotective activities of compounds 1-7 and found that compounds 1, 5, and 6 significantly attenuated rotenone-induced death of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at a concentration of 100 μM. Parallel to this result, compounds 3 and 6 displayed antioxidant effects in the cytoplasm, as determined by CM-H2DCFDA fluorescence intensity, while compounds 1 and 5 showed antioxidant effects in the mitochondria, as assessed by MitoSox fluorescence intensity. Overall, these results suggest that some of these compounds protect neuroblastoma cells by ameliorating the release of reactive oxygen species. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which these compounds exhibit antioxidant and neuroprotective actions.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.723-729
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• 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra, resulting in reduced dopamine levels and consequent motor dysfunction. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to oxidative stress in PD. Cicadidae Periostracum (CP), a traditional Korean medicine, has shown neuroprotective effects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in PD. However, its effects on the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model have not been established. This study examined CP's effects on a 6-OHDA-induced PD model. CP protected against 6-OHDA damage in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, CP reduced the production of reactive oxygen species, inhibited apoptosis, preserved dopamine levels, protected tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra, and improved motor function. These findings suggest that CP may delay PD progression by maintaining the redox balance.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.859-876
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• 2023

It is known that animal-origin medicine could be one of effective treatment to remedy atopic dermatitis (AD) by controlling the cytokines. Cicadidae Periostracum (CP), the slough of Cryptotympana pustulata, has been frequently used for treating AD and skin affliction in traditional Korean Medicine. This study is aimed at investigating the ameliorating effects of CP on AD and its potential mechanism. The dinitrochlorobenzene sensitized mice were treated with CP for 2 weeks. The various biomarkers and the dermatitis scores presented that CP treatment can induce the visual and biological improvements of AD model. Pruritus, the most serious symptom of AD, which can cause repeated scratching behaviors and finally lead to lichenification, was reduced with CP treatment by regulating the inflammatory reactions. In addition, CP treatment diminished the number of mast cells that are known for causing inflammatory reactions. Moreover, it is proven that CP can decline secretion of interleukin-22, which means CP treatment has anti-inflammatory effects. CP treatment can correct the imbalance of helper T (Th)1 and Th2, downregulating thymic stromal lymphopoietin that leads to decrease of mRNA level of inflammatory cytokines. The crucial role of CP treatment is controlling of the Janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway. In addition, CP treatment has the inhibitory effects on kallikrein related peptidase (KLK) 5 and KLK7. Taken together, CP treatment can ameliorate most symptoms and problems caused by AD disease, improving the AD patients' life quality.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract from Cicadidae Periostracum(CP) on the RAW 264.7 cells. Method: We examined the cytokine productions including nitric oxide(NO), interleukin(IL)-1b, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells and also inhibitory mechanisms such as mitogen -activated protein kinases(MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa BNF-kB) using Western blot. Results: CP inhibited LPS-induced production of NO, IL-1b and TNF-a but not of IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. CP respectively inhibited the activation of MAPKs such as extracelluar signal-regulated kinase(ERK 1/2), c-Jun $NH_2$-terminal kinase(JNK), p38 and NF-kB in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Also oral administration of CP inhibited CLP - induced endotoxin shock. Conclusion: our results showed that CP down-regulated LPS-induced NO, IL-1b and TNF-a productions mainly through ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK and NF-kB pathway, which suggest the anti-inflammatory effects of CP.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2024

Objective : Cicadae Periostracum (CP), which is the discarded shell of the Cryptotympana atrata (Fabricius, 1775), is a recognized component of oriental medicine for treatment sore throat, itching, shock, sedation, edema. However, the safety and toxicity of CP have not yet been established. It has been reported that symptoms of addiction or side effects may occur in patients who take high doses of CP or who are hypersensitive to it. Therefore, we investigated the acute toxicity of an CP extracts in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods : To study acute toxicity, five SD rats of each sex per group were treated with CP extracts at single doses of 0, 500, 1000, or 2000 mg/kg administrated by oral gavage, and body weight, clinical signs, and mortality were observed after dosing. At the end of 14-day observation period, all animals were sacrificed and complete hematological and macroscopic examinations were performed. Results : There were no dead animal and test article-related effects on body weight change or the gross finding. No toxicologically significant results were observed between control and treated groups in hematology. Although salivation related to stress at the highest dose was observed in clinical signs immediately after administration, it is considered to have no toxicological significance. Conclusion : As the results, we did not find any adverse effect at the dose levels of 500, 1000, or 2000 mg/kg in rats. The minimal lethal dose was considered to be over 2000 mg/kg body weight in rats.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2020

Objective: In this study, we analyzed the trend of patents registered prior to October 4, 2019, to understand the industrial trends in insect-derived medicinal materials used for the treatment of skin diseases. Methods: Using the WIPSON database, we collected information regarding the patents related to insect-derived materials for treating various skin diseases. Results: The patents registered prior to October 4, 2019, from Korea, Japan, the USA, China, and the EU, along with those registered under PCT were selected. There were 195 patents related to the use of insect-derived medicinal materials in treating various skin diseases such as psoriasis, inflammatory skin diseases, eczema, pruritus, and atopic dermatitis. China is mostly superior in total number of registered patents compared with the other countries. Korea was the major patent technology-holder for atopic dermatitis, but China dominated in the remaining categories of skin diseases. Upon first patent registration in 1992, there had been a continual increase in the number of patents. Especially, patents related to eczema, psoriasis, inflammatory skin disease were markedly increased. Most frequently used insect-derived medicinal materials was Scolopendra, Cicadidae Periostracum, Scorpions, Cantharides, and Batryticatus Bombyx. The insect-derived medicinal materials were generally used as a combined preparation with other medicinal materials in patents. Conclusion: This study could help to establish the basis for future research and development related treating skin diseases using insect-derived medicinal materials. In order to provide sufficient data, further study including analysis of rejected patents is needed.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.100-118
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze some of the TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) clinical research literatures about pediatric night crying in order to learn clinical application of Korean medicine treatment for pediatric night crying. Methods We searched clinical trial literatures about TCM treatment of pediatric night crying from the CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) (January 2000 to June 2018). We analyzed the literature in regards to the treatment methods and the results. Results Among the 459 searched studies, 13 randomized controlled trials and 41 case studies were selected and analyzed. In most of the studies, the effectiveness of TCM in treating patients was significantly high, so we confirmed the effectiveness of TCM on pediatric night crying. The most commonly used pattern differentiations (辨證) were Spirit damage due to fright and fear (驚恐傷神), Spleen deficiency and cold (脾虛寒) and Heart fire heat (心火熱). Methods of treatment include herbal medicines (internal medicine and external application), massage therapy (Tuina methods), acupuncture and other treatments (bloodletting). The most commonly used herb medicines were Cicadidae Periostracum (蟬?), Poria Cocos (茯?), Glycyrrhizae Radix (甘草), Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus (釣鉤藤), Junci Medulla (燈心草), Fossilia Ossis Mastodi (龍骨), Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (白朮), Cinnabaris (朱砂), and Coptidis Rhizoma (黃連). The most commonly used massage methods were Clearing Liver Channel (淸肝經), Clearing Heart Channel (淸心經), Kneading $Xi{\check{a}}oti{\bar{a}}nx{\bar{i}}n$ (?小天心), Supplementing Spleen Channel (補脾經), Clearing $Ti{\bar{a}}nh{\acute{e}}shu{\check{i}}$ (淸天河水), and Rubbing Abdomen (摩腹). Conclusions Based on the results of clinical studies from China, the use of Korean medicine for the treatment of pediatric night crying has been shown to be effective in relieving symptoms. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to widen the scope of Korean medicine by additionally reviewing clinical and experimental studies on pediatric night crying.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 피부각질형성세포에서 동의보감에 기록된 14 종의 충부약재에 대한 염증성 사이토카인 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 이를 확인하기 위하여 멀티플렉스 사이토카인 분석으로 17 종에 대한 사이토카인을 스크리닝 하였다. 충부약재 14 종 중, 제조 및 전갈 추출물은 IL-5 생성을 억제하였고, 제조, 상표초 및 수질 추출물은 IL-6 생성을, 제조, 상표초, 지룡, 수질 및 문합 추출물은 IL-8 생성에 억제 효과를 보였다. 합개, 잠사, 선퇴 및 문합 추출물은 IL-13 생성을 억제하였으며, 귀판, 잠사 및 지룡 추출물은 MIP-1β 생성에 유의적인 효과를 확인하였다. 이러한 충부약재는 피부염증 억제를 위한 항염증제 활용 가능성에 의미를 둘 수 있지만, 그 가치를 증명하기 위해서는 피부개선을 위한 기전연구를 포함하여 인체피부모사판 모델에서 추가 실험을 통한 검증이 선행 되어야 한다.