• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.9 no.1_2
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• pp.22-24
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• 1966

1. Number of accessory chromosomes in the progenies of rye which were obtained from mother plants having 2, 4, and 6 accessory chromosomes by open pollination were observed. The result was shown in the Table 1. 2. Cross between the plant with 14 ordinary chromosomes having chromsome breakage and normal plant with 14 ordinary chromosomes was carried out. A plant among the progeny of this cross was found to have two accessory chromosomes in addition to 14 ordinary chromosomes. This phenomenon may be useful to postulzte the possible origin of accessory chromosome in rye.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.30-43
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• 1993

The number of chronosomes and karyotypes in eight species of the family Bradybaenidae were analyzed by air-drying method using gonad. The mitotic haploid chromosome numbers of Acusta despecta sieboldiana were 29 and conisisted of 12 pairs metacentric, 17 pairs submetacentric chromosomes. The mitotic haploid chromosomes were 29 and 11 pairs metacentric and 17 pairs submetacentric and 1 pair telocentric chromosomes in Koreanohadra kurodana; 29 and 10 pairs metacentric chromosomes in K. koreana' 29 and 10 pairs metacentric and 18 pairs submetacentric, and 1 pair acrocentric chromosomes in Karaftohelix adamsi; 28and 10 pairs metacentric, and 18 pairs submetacintric chromosomes in Aegista chosenica; 28 and 14 pairs metacentric and 14 pairs submetacentric chromosomes in A.(Plectotropis) diversa; 28 and 15 pairs metacentric, 10 pairs submetacentric and 3 pairs acrocentric chromosomes in A. (p.)quelpartinsis; 29 and 12 pairs metacentric and 9 pairs submetacentric and 2 pairs telocentric chromosomes in Nesiohelix samarangae.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 1986

The frequencies and geographical distribution of B chromosomes on 15 strains of rye (Secale cereale L.) collected from various localities in Korea were investigated. All of the 15 strains of rye investigated were found to have B chromosomes, and the frequencies of B chromosomes ranged from 6% to 51% with 20.1% average. Plants with 2Bs seem to be the most stable in populations with B chromosomes. Of 1400 plants examined, one plant was observed to have a deficient-B chromosome in Buyo rye.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2013

The karyotype of Korean short-hair cat was presented using the G-, C- and NOR-banding techniques. For chromosomes preparation, the fetus skin fibroblast cells were cultured and metaphases were obtained. In results, the Korean short-hair cat had 38 chromosomes with XX or XY, which consisted of 5 pairs of metacentric chromosomes(Group A and C), 3 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes (Group B), 6 pairs of medium metacentric chromosomes except for 1 pair of medium submetacentric D2 chromosomes (Group D, E), 2 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes(Group F) and metacentric X and Y sex chromosomes. In G-banding analysis, the Korean short-hair cat exhibited a typical and identical G-banding pattern in each homologous chromosome. Total number of bands and landmarks on the G-banded chromosomes of Korean short-hair cat well correspond to those of international standardization of karyotype of domestic cat. The heterochromatins of Korean short-hair cat chromosomes distributed at terminal and/or centromere regions on almost chromosomes by C-banding analysis. In addition, the C-banding pattern showed greatly heteromorphic in some chromosomes. Using the AgNOR-staining, we found the nucleolar organizer regions(NORs) of Korean short-hair cat located at chromosomes 1p12 site in E group. The quantity and number of NORs were constant among cells.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.181-190
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• 1981

Rye in Paldang was investigated with regard to the occurrence of B-chromosomes from 1963 through 1977, and frequencies of B-chromosomes were as follows; 2% (1963), 8% (1964), 8% (1965), 15% (1966), 11.5% (1968), 11.7% (1969), 20% (1975), 19.6% (1976), and 12.8% (1977). The result of the chi-square test showed statistically no significant difference between the frequency of B-chromosomes each year. The analysis revealed that distribution of B-chromosomes seemed to be relatively uniform in the rye field. With regard to the sample size 50 plants were quite enough to estimate the frequency of B-chromosomes in rye population. Quadrivalent due to translocation heterozygote were observed in the population of Paldang rye from 1966 through 1977, their frequencies being 1 to 7%. Numerical increase of B-chromosomes in rye due to non-disjunction process in the pollen as well as in the ovules was well-known phenomenon, whereas B-chromosomes tended to be eliminated in meiosis and seed fertility of rye was reduced in the individuals with B-chromosomes. The mechanism of gain or loss for B-chromosomes might support the equilibrium of B-chromosomes in Paldang rye population.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.317-331
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• 1990

Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from Fasciola spp, Eurytrema pancreaticum and Calicophoron calicophorum occurred Korean cattle were egamined using modified air-drying method. To compare their phenotype with three different genotypes among Fasciola spp, the adult and egg si2e were measured since they have been known as important taxonomical characters. The results obtained were as followed; Cattle liver fluke, Fasciola spp were classified into three types based on their chromosomal complements such as individual with 2o chromosome(diploid), 30 chromosome(triploid) and 20/30 mosaic constitution(mixoploid). The propotions of appearance of three types were 40.00%, 54.29% and 5.71%, respectively. The frequency of three types in type I which was regarded as F gigantica were 58.82% for diploid, 35.29% for triploid and 5.88% for mixoploid, but in type II which was regarded as F hepatica were 72.2% for triploid, 22.22% for diploid and 5.56% for mixoploid. Egg length of triploid forms was significantly larger than that of diploid forms and egg size of mixoploid forms was similiar to that of triploid forms. Worm size of triploid forms was larger than that of diploid forms and was more similar to that of mixoploid forms, but the statistical data were not significant. Diploid chromosome consisted of one pair of metacentric chromosome(m), four pairs of submetacentric chromosomes(sm), five pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes(st), while triploid chromosome consisted of one pair of metacentric chromosome, seven pairs of submetacen.tric chromosomes, one pair of subtelocentric chromosome and telocentric chromosome(t), respectively. In mixoploid chromosome, constitution of the chromosomes of diploid or triploid cell was consistent with that of diploid or triploid. Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from pancreatic fluke, Eurytrema pancreaticum consisted of 13 pairs of homologs(2n=26, n=13). The mitotic and meiotic divisions were observed frequently. In the mitotic metaphase, Karyotype consisted of five pairs of metacentric chromosomes, four pairs of submetacentric chromosomes, three pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes and one pair of telocentric chromosome. Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from stomach fluke, Calicvphoron calicophorum consisted of 9 pairs of homologs(2n=18, n=9). The meiotic divisions was frequently observed, but mitotic divisions was rare. In the mitotic metaphase, Karyotype consisted of two pairs of metacentric chromosomes, three pairs of submetacentric chromosomes and four pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. Karyotype of Calicophoron calicophorum differed from that of Japanese C calicophorum which was similar to that of Paramphistomum cervi of Korean cattle. Though that of Calicophoron calicophorum of Korean cattle was similar to that of Paramphistomum explanatum of Korean cattle, that have been recognized to be a different species of fluke.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 1992

The somatic chromosome numbers were counted to be 2n = 16 of Codonopsis lanceolata. Chromosomes 2 and 7 of Sokrisan and Koheung II has a hetero satellite on short arm. Chromosome 5 of Bakwoonsan showed homo satllite on short arms. Short arms of chromosomes 1 and 5 has homo satellite and short arms of chromosomes 2 and 7 has hetero satellite of Jilin.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.468-473
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• 2009

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) were used for chromosome analysis of hybrids (2n=16) between onion (Allium cepa L., 2n=2X=16) and welsh onion (A. fistulosum L., 2n=2X=16). 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and tandemly repeated DNA (TSD) sequence were used as probes for FISH analysis. A. fistulosum specific DNA probe of telomeric repeats and A. fistulosum DNA were used for GISH analysis. In the analysis of meiotic chromosome GISH revealed that hybrids have 7 bivalants and 2 univalents chromosome and 2 univalents were derived from A. fistulosum chromosomes. In somatic chromosomes of hybrid each 8 chromosomes were derived from A. cepa and A. fistulosum, respectively. FISH signal of 45S rDNA probe in A. fistulosum was detected at secondary constriction of chromosomes, while FISH signal in A. cepa was observed in both secondary constriction and telomere of chromosomes. TDS signals in A. fistulosum chromosomes were detected at all subtelomeric of 8 chromosomes and also in 2 pericentromeric of the chromosomes, whereas TDS signals in A. cepa were observed only in subtelomeric in all chromosomes. The pattern of TDS signal in hybrid chromosomes was similar to those of A. fistulosum chromosomes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 1987

As a series of systematic classification for Korean common liver fluke, Fasciola sp., karyotype was investigated by means of the modified air-drying technique and of the regular Giemsa staining. Also, C-staining method was applied for detailed karyological analysis from the germ cells of the fluke. The following is a brief summary of the leading facts gained through the experiment. 1. Korean Pasciola sp. was classified into three types based on their chromosomal complements; individuals with 20 or 30 chromosomes and with a 20/30 mosaic constitution. Worms having 30 chromosomes represent a triploid form with 3 sets of 10 basic chromosomes, while those with 20 chromosomes were diploid and mosaic individuals were 2n/3n mixoploid. 2. The frequency of the individual type calculated is as follows; 67.45% of 212 flukes examined was of diploid, 10.85%, triploid, and the rest, 21.7%, mixoploid, respectively. In many cases, two or three types were found in the peculiar bovine host while single type inhabitant was about 20% out of 52 cases. 3. The twenty chromosomes consisted of 1 pair of large metacentrics, 4 pairs of medium-sized subtelocentrics, and 5 pairs of small submetacentrics, while constitution of the thirty chromosomes was nearly interpreted as a triploid form with 3 sets of 10 basic chromosomes. The high centromeric indexes of both types are the first Pairs among all the examined, and 37.93% was of diploid and 47.93%, triploid, respectively. 4. In mixoploid individuals, constitution of the chromosomes of diploid or triploid cells was the same as that of diploid or triploid individuals. 5. All the chromosomes of the germ cells in both types showed C-band around the centromeric region and especially the chromosomes no's 3,7, and 8 showed a remarkable C-band distinguished from other chromosomes. 6. The variance for the sizes of the worms and the eggs were not parallel with three different genotypes in Korean common liver fluke.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 1965

Cytological observations were carried out to investigate the frequencies and geographical distribution of accessory chromosomes in rye in Korea. (1) All the 41 strains of rye investigated were found to have accessory chromosomes and the frequencies of accessories are ranged from 2 to 73.3%. (2) The frequency ranging from 30 to 40% was predominant and it included 13 different strains. (3) The edaphic factor seemed to play more marked role than the climatic factor in determining geographical distribution of accessories in rye in Korea. (4) Breakages of A-chromosomes into two fragments were observed in 11 plants. This phenomenon may throw some light on possible orgin of accessory chromosomes in rye.