• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.32-32
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• 2017

To increase rice production, manipulating plant architecture, especially developing new high-yielding cultivars with erect leaves, is crucial in rice breeding programs. Leaf inclination angle determines the light extinction coefficient (k) of the canopy. Erect leaves increase light penetration into the canopy and enable dense plantings with a high leaf area index, thus increasing biomass production and grain yield. Because of erect leaves, the high-yielding indica rice cultivar 'Takanari' has smaller k during ripening than 'Koshihikari', a japonica cultivar with good eating quality. In our previous study, using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from a cross between 'Takanari' and 'Koshihikari', we detected seven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf inclination angle on chromosomes 1 (two QTLs), 2, 3, 4, 7, and 12. In this study, we developed a near-isogenic line (NIL-3) carrying a 'Takanari' allele for increased leaf inclination angle on chromosome 3 in the 'Koshihikari' genetic background. We compared k, dry matter production, and grain yield of NIL-3 with those of 'Koshihikari' in the field from 2013 to 2016. NIL-3 had higher inclination angles of the flag, second, and third leaves at full heading and 3 (- 4) weeks after full heading and smaller k of the canopy at the ripening stage. Biomass at full heading and leaf area index at full heading and at harvest did not significantly differ between NIL-3 and 'Koshihikari'. However, biomass at harvest was significantly greater in NIL-3 than in 'Koshihikari' due to a higher net assimilation rate at the ripening stage. The photosynthetic rates of the flag and third leaves did not differ between NIL-3 and Koshihikari at ripening. Grain yield was higher in NIL-3 than 'Koshihikari'. Higher panicle number per square meter in NIL-3 contributed to the higher grain yield of NIL-3. We conclude that the QTL on chromosome 3 increases dry matter and grain production in rice by increasing leaf inclination angle.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.315-320
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• 1996

Drosophila의 actin 5C 유전자 promoter에 쥐의 DNA polymerase $\beta$cDNA를 도입시킨 형질전환 초파리가 고감수성 환경성 변이원 검출계로 사용할 수 있는지를 조사하였다. 체세포 염색체 재조환과 체세포 염색체 돌연변이의 검출을 위해서는 geterozygous(mwh/+) 계통을 사용하였다. 염색체상의 결실이나 비분리 등에 의한 small mwh spot의 자연 발생적 빈도는 non-transgenic w 계통과 transgenic p[pol $\beta$]-130 계통에서 각각 0.351 및 0.606 정도였다. 체세포 염색체 재조환에 의한 large mwh spot의 자연 발생적 빈도의 경우는 transgenic p[pol $\beta$]-130 계통(0.063)이 non-transgenic w 계통(0.021)에 비해 약 3배 정도 높게 나타났다. IQ, Glu-P-1 및 {TEX}$AFB_{1}${/TEX} 등의 돌연변이원의 처리에 의한 경우, 두 종류의 mutant clone의 발생 빈도는 쥐의 DNA polymerase $\beta$가 도입된 transgenic p[pol $\beta$]-130 계통이 non-transgenic w 계통에 비하여 모두 약 2-3배 정도 높게 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 쥐의 DNA polymerase $\beta$가 최소한 체세포 염색체 돌연변이 유발이나 체세포 염색체 재조환의 생성 과정에 관여함을 의미하며, 형질전환 초파리 계통이 환경성 변이원 검출계로서 충분한 응용가능성이 있음을 보여 주었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.464-470
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• 2017

성염색체에 위치하는 5 개의 초위성체 마커(INRA30, TGLA325, UMN0803, UMN0905, UMN0929) 를 이용하여 재래소 3품종과 외래소 7품종(칡소, 한우, 제주흑우, 홀스타인, 일본화우, 샤롤레, 앵거스, 헤어포드, 시멘탈, 한우X 샤롤레 교잡종)의 유전적 특징을 확인하였다. 상업적으로 판매되는 소고기의 잘못된 원산지 표기를 통해 부당한 경제적 이득을 취하고자 하는 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 소고기 샘플을 빠르고 저비용으로 확인 하기 위한 방법으로 사용하기 위해 좌위 또는 품종 특이적 대립유전자를 탐색하고 좌위별 대립유전자수, 대립유전자빈도, 이형접합도 그리고 다형정보량(PIC)을 구하여 이들 10품종의 유전적 다양성을 평가하였다. STRUCTURE 분석을 통한 군락의 분류 및 유전적 균일성 분석에서 재래소 품종과 외래소 품종으로 두개의 주요 그룹으로 나뉘어진다. 이러한 결과들은 재래소와 외래소 품종의 특이적인 유전적 차이를 나타낸다. 또한 Nei's 표준 유전적 거리로 나타난 neighbor-joining tree에서도 독립적인 계통유전학적인 위치를 보여주었다. 이러한 결과는 국내 재래종과 외래품종 사이의 유전적 거리, 품종의 역사 및 그들의 지리적 기원 사이에 명백한 차이를 나타내는 증거로 사료된다. 이러한 결과들로 이들 성염색체의 초위성체 마커들에 의해 소 품종들의 유전적 다양성과 연관성은 과학적인 기초자료로 활용되고 재래소와 외래품종 소고기를 구별할 수 있는 DNA 마커들로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 그러므로 이러한 마커들은 효율적인 이력추적 시스템을 만드는데 사용되어 원산지 표시 위반을 억제하는데 유용할 것이다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.469-476
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• 2017

Background: Panax ginseng Meyer (Asian ginseng) has a large nuclear genome size of > 3.5 Gbp in haploid genome equivalent of 24 chromosomes. Tandem repeats (TRs) occupy significant portions of the genome in many plants and are often found in specific genomic loci, making them a valuable molecular cytogenetic tool in discriminating chromosomes. In an effort to understand the P. ginseng genome structure, we characterized an ultrahigh copy 167-bp TR (Pg167TR) and explored its chromosomal distribution as well as its utility for chromosome identification. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction amplicons of Pg167TR were labeled, along with 5S and 45S rDNA amplicons, using a direct nick-translation method. Direct fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to analyze the chromosomal distribution of Pg167TR. Results: Recently, we reported a method of karyotyping the 24 chromosome pairs of P. ginseng using rDNA and DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) bands. Here, a unique distribution of Pg167TR in all 24 P. ginseng chromosomes was observed, allowing easy identification of individual homologous chromosomes. Additionally, direct labeling of 5S and 45S rDNA probes allowed the identification of two additional 5S rDNA loci not previously reported, enabling the refinement of the P. ginseng karyotype. Conclusion: Identification of individual P. ginseng chromosomes was achieved using Pg167TR-FISH. Chromosome identification is important in understanding the P. ginseng genome structure, and our method will be useful for future integration of genetic linkage maps and genome scaffold anchoring. Additionally, it is a good tool for comparative studies with related species in efforts to understand the evolution of P. ginseng.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 1994

넙치 암컷과 유도된 자성발생성 2배체 숫컷 넙치를 교배시켜 넙치의 전 암컷 2배체를 생산한 후, 전 암컷 수정난에 저온처리하여 전 암컷 3배체 넙치를 생산하였다. 그 결과 부상율 및 수정율에 있어서 2배체 대조군, 전 암컷 2배체, 3배체 대조군 그리고 전 암컷 ,3배체군 모두에서 차이가 없었다 (P>0.05). 그러나, 3배체 대조군 및 전 암컷 3배체군은 여타 실험군에 비해 부화율이 낮게 나타났다 (P<0.05). 생식소의 조직학적 분석 결과 전 암컷 2배체 처리군 및 전 암컷 3배체 처리군의 성비는 모두 $100\%$ 암컷이었다. 배수체 검정을 위해 세포크기 및 염색체를 분석한 결과, 세포 및 핵의크기는 3배체가 대조군에 비해 각각 1.95 및 1.96 배 증가되었고, 염색체 수 및 핵형은 2n=48 및 3n=72 acrocentric chromosome이었다. 생식소의 조직학적 분석 결과, 4개월 된 3배체 암컷의 생식소는 전형적인 생식소 수준의 불임을 보여 주었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2159-2164
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• 2016

Background: A diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is made on discovery of the presence of a Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. The success of the treatment of this form of leukemia with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is monitored by reduction of the Ph chromosome. Objective: To compare the role of conventional cytogenetic (CC) methods with a real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of CML patients. The secondary outcome was to analyze the treatment responses to TKI in CML patients. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of CML patients who attended the Hematology clinic at Chiang Mai University Hospital from 2005-2010. Medical records were reviewed for demographic data, risk score, treatment response and the results of CC methods, FISH and RQ-PCR. Results: One hundred and twenty three cases were included in the study, 57.7% of whom were male with a mean age of 46.9 years. Most of the patients registered as intermediate to high risk on the Sokal score. At diagnosis, 121 patients were tested using the CC method and 118 (95.9%) were identified as positive. Five patients failed to be diagnosed by CC methods but were positive for BCR-ABL1 using the FISH method. Imatinib was the first-line treatment used in 120 patients (97.6%). In most patients (108 out of 122, 88.5%), a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) was achieved after TKI therapy and in 86 patients (70.5%) CCyR was achieved long term by the CC method. Five out of the 35 analyzed patients in which CCyR was achieved by the CC method had a positive FISH result. Out of the 76 patients in which CCyR was achieved, RQ-PCR classified patients to only CCyR in 17 patients (22.4%) with a deeper major molecular response (MMR) in 4 patients (5.3%) and complete molecular response (CMR) in 55 patients (72.4%). In the case of initial therapy, CCyR was achieved in 95 patients (79.1%) who received imatinib and in both patients who received dasatinib (100%). For the second line treatment, nilotinib were used in 30 patients and in 19 of them (63.3%) CCyR was achieved. In half of the 6 patients (50%) who received dasatinib as second line or third line treatment CCyR was also achieved. Conclusions: CML patients had a good response to TKI treatment. FISH could be useful for diagnosis in cases where CC analysis failed to detect the Ph chromosome. RQ-PCR was helpful in detecting any residual disease and determining the depth of the treatment response at levels greater than the CC methods.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2017

The 4p deletion syndrome, also known as Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, is a well-known genetic disorder caused by a partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4. The great variability in the extent of the 4p deletion and the possible contribution of additional genetic rearrangements leads to a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Herein, we present our experience with eight cases of 4p deletion syndrome, ascertained prenatally between 1998 and 2016 at our hospital.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.7343-7350
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• 2015

Genetic changes associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) provide very important diagnostic and prognostic information with a direct impact on patient management. Detection of chromosome abnormalities by conventional cytogenetics combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) play a very significant role in assessing risk stratification. Identification of specific chromosome abnormalities has led to the recognition of genetic subgroups based on reciprocal translocations, deletions and modal number in B or T-cell ALL. In the last twelve years 102 newly diagnosed childhood/adult ALL bone marrow samples were analysed for chromosomal abnormalities with conventional G-banding, and FISH (selected cases) using specific probes in our hospital. G-banded karyotype analysis found clonal numerical and/or structural chromosomal aberrations in 74.2% of cases. Patients with pseudodiploidy represented the most frequent group (38.7%) followed by high hyperdiploidy group (12.9%), low hyperdiploidy group (9.7%), hypodiploidy (<46) group (9.7%) and high hypertriploidy group (3.2%). The highest observed numerical chromosomal alteration was high hyperdiploidy (12.9%) with abnormal karyotypes while abnormal 12p (7.5%) was the highest observed structural abnormality followed by t(12;21)(p13.3;q22) resulting in ETV6/RUNX1 fusion (5.4%) and t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) resulting in BCR/ABL1 fusion (4.3%). Interestingly, we identified 16 cases with rare and complex structural aberrations. Application of the FISH technique produced major improvements in the sensitivity and accuracy of cytogenetic analysis with ALL patients. In conclusion it confirmed heterogeneity of ALL by identifying various recurrent chromosomal aberrations along with non-specific rearrangements and their association with specific immunophenotypes. This study pool is representative of paediatric/adult ALL patients in Oman.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Glucosinolates are one of the important plant secondary metabolites that are produced mainly in Brassicaceae plants. The compounds are primarily involved in defense responses to biotic and abiotic resistance in plants and play important biological roles during plant growth and development. In this study, the glucosinolate profiles in leaves of two different Brassica oleracea populations were compared using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The nine major glucosinolates compounds in cabbage leaves were identified as belonging to the aliphatic and indolic groups. Among them, sinigrin, which belongs to the aliphatic group, was recorded to be 41% whereas glucobrassicin and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, which belong to the indolic group, were recorded to be 53.8%. In addition, we performed a genetic analysis to identify regions of the genome regulating glucosinolates biosynthesis in the $F_3$ population of Brassica oleracea. A total of 9 glucosinolates were used for the quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. Out of 9, a total of 3 QTLs were identified and they were associated with sinigrin, glucobrassicin, and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin synthesis located in Chromosome 1 and Chromosome 8, respectively. The results of this study will provide valuable information for the breeding of cabbage containing high glucosinolate content, and our next target is to develop component-specific and tightly linked markers for various glucosinolates.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of swim-up and density gradient centrifugation (DGC) for reducing the amount of sperm with fragmented DNA, sex chromosome aneuploidy, and abnormal chromatin structure. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from 18 healthy male partners who attended infertility clinics for infertility investigations and were processed with swim-up and DGC. The percentages of sperm cells with fragmented DNA measured by the sperm chromatin dispersion test, normal sex chromosomes assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and abnormal chromatin structure identified by toluidine blue staining were examined. Results: The percentage of sperm cells with fragmented DNA was significantly lower in the swim-up fraction (9.7%, p= 0.001) than in the unprocessed fraction (27.0%), but not in the DGC fraction (27.8%, p= 0.098). The percentage of sperm cells with normal X or Y chromosomes was comparable in the three fractions. The percentage of sperm cells with abnormal chromatin structure significantly decreased after DGC (from 15.7% to 10.3%, p= 0.002). The swim-up method also tended to reduce the percentage of sperm cells with abnormal chromatin structure, but the difference was not significant (from 15.7% to 11.6%, p= 0.316). Conclusion: The swim-up method is superior for enriching genetically competent sperm.