• 한국동물학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.395-404
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• 1995

한국산 등줄쥐의 정자변태 과정을 알아보기 위하여 세정관 상피의 세포분화에 따른 특징들과 정소상체 미부의 성숙정자의 형태적 특징들을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 세포구조물의 특징에 따라 골지, 두모, 첨체, 이탈단계는 각각 전, 후기로 구분하였고 성숙단계를 1단계로 하여 한국산 등줄쥐의 정자변태의 전 과정을 9기로 나눌 수 있었다. 핵질의 변화에 있어서, 염색질 과립들은 두모단계에서 응축하기 시작하여 첨체단계에서 구형의 형태로 진행되고, 성숙단계에서 균질화하여 완전히 정자의 핵을 형성하였다. 정자두부는 낫꼴모양을 가지며, 중편부의 외측섬유는 편자모양으로 배열되어 있고, 이들 외측 섬유는 NO. 1,5,6,9가 다른 것 보다 크다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

본 연구는 항암 단백질로 알려진 lunasin peptide의 산업적 활용성을 높이고자 lunasin peptide를 생산할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하고, 생산된 lunasin peptide가 식물유래 lunasin peptide의 생리활성을 가지는지 chromatin binding 활성과 histone acetylation 억제활성을 통해 평가하였다. 그 결과 E. coli와 P. pastoris를활용하여 재조합 lunasin peptide를 생산했으며, 생산 된 재조합 lunasin 펩타이드가 식물유래 lunasin peptide의 chromatin binding 활성과 histone acetylation 억제활성을 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 실험 연구의결과를 토대로 lunasin 펩타이드의 대량생산이 진행된다면 천연물 유래 생리활성 물질로서 효과적이면서도 안전한 기능성 식품소재로의 산업적 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2017

AT-hook proteins of plant have shown to be involved in growth and development through the modification of chromatin architecture to co-regulate transcription of genes. Recently, many genes encoding AT-hook protein have been identified and their involvement in senescence delay is investigated. In this study, soybean transgenic plants overexpressing chromatin architecture-controlling ATPG7 gene was produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and investigated for the positive effect on the important agronomic traits mainly focusing on yield-related components. A total of 27 transgenic soybean plants were produced from about 400 explants. $T_1$ seeds were harvested from all transgenic plants. In the analysis of genomic DNAs from soybean transformants, ATPG7 and Bar fragments were amplified as expected, 975 bp and 408 bp in size, respectively. And also exact gene expression was confirmed by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) from transgenic line #6, #7 and #8. In a field evaluation of yield components of ATPG7 transgenic plants ($T_3$), higher plant height, more of pod number and greater average total seed weight were observed with statistical significance. The results of this study indicate that the introduction of ATPG7 gene in soybean may have the positive effect on yield components.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.101-115
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• 2021

The INO80 chromatin remodeling complex has roles in many essential cellular processes, including DNA replication. However, the mechanisms that regulate INO80 in these processes remain largely unknown. We previously reported that the stability of Ino80, the catalytic ATPase subunit of INO80, is regulated by the ubiquitin proteasome system and that BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1), a nuclear deubiquitinase with tumor suppressor activity, stabilizes Ino80 via deubiquitination and promotes replication fork progression. However, the E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets Ino80 for proteasomal degradation was unknown. Here, we identified the C-terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP), the E3 ubiquitin ligase that functions in cooperation with Hsp70, as an Ino80-interacting protein. CHIP polyubiquitinates Ino80 in a manner dependent on Hsp70. Contrary to our expectation that CHIP degrades Ino80, CHIP instead stabilizes Ino80 by extending its half-life. The data suggest that CHIP stabilizes Ino80 by inhibiting degradative ubiquitination. We also show that CHIP works together with BAP1 to enhance the stabilization of Ino80, leading to its chromatin binding. Interestingly, both depletion and overexpression of CHIP compromise replication fork progression with little effect on fork stalling, as similarly observed for BAP1 and Ino80, indicating that an optimal cellular level of Ino80 is important for replication fork speed but not for replication stress suppression. This work therefore idenitifes CHIP as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that stabilizes Ino80 via nondegradative ubiquitination and suggests that CHIP and BAP1 act in concert to regulate Ino80 ubiquitination to fine-tune its stability for efficient DNA replication.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2021

Objective: Studies of the effects of estrogens on the male reproductive system have emphasized the role of these hormones in male fertility. Sesame oil has many phytoestrogenic compounds and may improve male fertility. This study investigated the effects of sesame oil and different concentrations of estrogen on sperm parameters and DNA integrity in male mice. Methods: Twenty old NMRI (The Naval Medical Research Institute) male mice (40 weeks; weight, 30-35 g) were treated with sesame oil or different concentrations of estrogen (estradiol, 1 and 10 μL/kg/day) or received no treatment (controls). After 35 days, sperm parameters and DNA integrity were assessed and analyzed. Results: Sperm count, progressive motility, and morphology were decreased in the group that received 10 μL/kg of estradiol. A remarkably lower percentage of DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency were detected in the group that received 1 μL/kg of estradiol. In the groups that received sesame oil and 1 μL/kg of estradiol, the numbers of spermatogonia and Leydig cells were higher than in controls. The combination of sesame oil and 1 μL/kg of estradiol led to improved sperm parameters and chromatin and testicular structure. Conclusion: Based on this study, consumption of sesame oil and a low concentration of estradiol may improve testicular function in older mice.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 1979

In order to study the morphologic changes of the unfixed odontoblasts suspended in phenol solution of several different concentrations, the author carried out the extraction of lower incisor of S-D strain rats to collect the odontoblasts, and the cells obtained were suspended immediately in saline solution. After observing the odontoblasts in fresh state, the saline solution was substituted with 0.125%, 0.25% 0.5%, 1% and 2% diluted phenol solutions. The morphologic changes were examined with phase contrast microscope at intervals of 10, 30, and 60 minutes. The results were as follows: 1. In saline solution the odontoblast showed cytoplasmic swelling, slender cytoplasmic process, thick rim nuclear membrane with increased dark contrast, and prominent nucleoli and chromatin granules with lapse of time intervals. In accordance with time intervals, blisters appeared in the supranuclear zone and increased its size and moved outward of the cytoplasmic membrane resulting detachment from the cell membrane. The phase dark cytoplasmic granules were increased in its dark contrast and in its size. 2. In 0.125% and 0.25% phenol solution, the odontoblasts and its nucleus shrunk immeidately and its contrast of cellular components was increased. With the lapse of time, the phase-dark granules in cytoplasm were aggregated, and several blisters were formed in and out of the cells. The outline of cytoplasmic membrane was also obscured. 3. In 0.5% phenol solution, the necleus shrunk at once, but soon after it revealed karyolysis accompanying dark contrast of neclear components such as nuclear membrane, nucleoli, and chromatin granules. On the contrary, the cytoplasmic granules showed aggregation and increased dark contrast, small and large blisters were formed in and out of the odontblasts and the outline of cytoplasmic membrane became obscured. 4. In 1% phenol solution, it showed shrinkage of odontblasts and its nuclei with thick rim nuclear membrane, aggregation of chromatin granules and occasional karyorrhexis. The dark contrast of cytoplasmic granules was increased and aggregated each other. But the blister formation could not be found. 5. In 2% phenol solution, it showed the shrinkage of odontoblasts and pyknotic nuclei with increased dark contrast of nucleoli and chromatin granules. The number of cytoplasmic granules was decreased by aggregation. But the blister formation could not be found as in 1% phenol solution.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1713-1720
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• 2015

The present work describes experiments undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of selected physicochemical indices of semen, cell membrane integrity and sperm chromatin structure for the assessment of boar semen sensitivity to processes connected with pre-insemination procedures. The experiments were carried out on 30 boars: including 15 regarded as providers of sensitive semen and 15 regarded as providers of semen that is little sensitive to laboratory processing. The selection of boars for both groups was based on sperm morphology analyses, assuming secondary morphological change incidence in spermatozoa as the criterion. Two ejaculates were manually collected from each boar at an interval of 3 to 4 months. The following analyses were carried out for each ejaculate: sperm motility assessment, sperm pH measurement, sperm morphology assessment, sperm chromatin structure evaluation and cell membrane integrity assessment. The analyses were performed three times. Semen storage did not cause an increase in the incidence of secondary morphological changes in the group of boars considered to provide sperm of low sensitivity. On the other hand, with continued storage there was a marked increase in the incidence of spermatozoa with secondary morphological changes in the group of boars regarded as producing more sensitive semen. Ejaculates of group I boars evaluated directly after collection had an approximately 6% smaller share of spermatozoa with undamaged cell membranes than the ejaculates of boars in group II ($p{\leq}0.05$). In the process of time the percentage of spermatozoa with undamaged cell membranes decreased. The sperm of group I boars was characterised with a lower sperm motility than the semen of group II boars. After 1 hour of storing diluted semen, the sperm motility of boars producing highly sensitive semen was already 4% lower ($p{\leq}0.05$), and after 24 hours of storage it was 6.33% lower than that of the boars that produced semen with a low sensitivity. Factors that confirm the accuracy of insemination male selection can include a low rate of sperm motility decrease during the storage of diluted semen, low and contained incidence of secondary morphological changes in spermatozoa during semen storage and a high frequency of spermatozoa with undamaged cell membranes.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.777-784
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• 2006

본 연구는 돼지에서 정자 SCSA와 정자 운동성 및 인공수정을 이용한 분만율과의 상관관계를 조사하기 위해 인공수정센터에서 정액 생산용으로 이용되고 있는 종모돈 중 개체별 정액을 이용한 인공수정 번식성적을 가지고 있는 종모돈 26두의 정액 성상 기록과 번식성적을 분석 하였고, 액상정액을 공시하여 정자운동성 분석과 SCSA를 실시하였다. 종모돈의 정액 채취 횟수에 따른 SCSA 분석은 종모돈 26두를 공시하여 정액을 8주간 6회 채취하여 공시하였다. 종모돈은 인공수정 분만율(80% 이상 ; 종모돈 7두, AI 256복, 8070% ; 종모돈 9두, AI 745복 및 70% 미만 ; 종모돈 10두, AI 293 복)에 따라 3개 군으로 구분 하였다. 액상 정액의 CASA 분석 결과는 분만율에 따른 종모돈 군 간에 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 종모돈의 SCSA 결과는 분만율이 높을수록 COMP αt, %Red, %Peak R 및 %Mean R 값은 낮게 나타났고, 분만율이 가장 낮은 종모돈 군과 다른 두 군간에 유의적인 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 종모돈 정액을 채취 차수에 따른 정액의 성상과 SCSA를 조사한 결과에서 채취 차수에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 종모돈의 인공수정 분만율과 SCSA 결과와의 상관관계는 COMP αt, SD αt, %Red, %Peak R, Mean R는 모두 부의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과에서 SCSA는 종모돈 정액의 수정 능력을 평가하고 예측하는데 유용한 방법으로 사료된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 세포핵의 3차원 염색질 질감 특성값이 암의 진행정도를 인식하는데 있어 유용한 특성값인지 평가하는데 있다. 특히, 제안한 방법이 악성이라고 진단된 세포진 도말 표본에서 정상으로 보이는 세포의 염색질 패턴에서의 미세한 차이를 인식할 수 있는지 살펴보고자 한다. 분류등급 정상(Normal), 저등급 편평 상피내 병변(LSIL, Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion), 고등급 편평 상피내 병변(HSIL, High grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion)에서 각각 100개씩의 세포 볼륨데이터로부터 3차원 GLCM(Gray Level Co occurrence Matrix)에 기반한 질감 특성값과 3차원 Wavelet 변환에 기반한 질감 특성값을 추출하고 분류기를 생성한 후 각 분류기에 대한 분류정확도를 비교하였으며, 2차원 세포진 영상에서의 세포핵 질감 특성값과 비교하기 위해 동일한 실험 볼륨데이터의 투영된 2차원 영상을 이용하여 같은 방법으로 2차원 세포핵 질감 특성값을 추출하고 분류기를 생성한 후 분류정확도를 비교하였다. 2차원 세포핵 질감 특성값과의 비교연구에서 3차원 세포핵 질감 특성값이 등급별 분류에 있어 보다 효율적인 것을 확인 할 수 있었으며 이는 3차원 염색질 질감 특성값이 자궁경부 세포의 정량화에 대한 정확성과 재현성을 개선할 수 있음을 의미한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.410-417
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• 2021

NGS (Next-generation sequencing), 즉 차세대염기서열분석은 유전체 수준의 방대한 DNA를 작은 절편으로 만들어서 그 절편들의 염기서열들을 동시에 읽어내는 기법이다. 현재 다양한 생명체의 유전체 염기서열 분석부터 cDNA (complementary DNA)나 ChIPed DNA (chromatin immunoprecipitated DNA)를 분석하는데 이 NGS 기법을 사용하고 있으며, 이 때 얻어진 데이터를 적절히 처리하고 분석하는 일은 생물학적으로 유의미한 결과를 얻기 위하여 중요하다. 하지만 대용량 데이터의 저장 및 활용, 그리고 컴퓨터 프로그래밍 바탕의 데이터 분석은 실험을 수행하는 일반 생물학자들에게 어려운 일이다. Galaxy 플랫폼은 다양한 NGS 데이터 분석 tool을 무료로 제공하는 웹 서비스이며, 생물정보학이나 프로그래밍에 대한 전문지식이 없는 연구자들에게 웹 브라우저만을 이용하여 데이터를 분석할 수 있는 환경을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 ChIP-seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing) 수행을 위한 라이브러리 제작 과정 및 Galaxy 플랫폼을 이용한 ChIP-seq 데이터 분석 과정을 설명하고, K562 세포주에서 수행한 히스톤 H3K4me1 ChIP-seq 결과가 public 데이터와 일치함을 보여준다. 따라서 Galaxy 플랫폼을 활용한 NGS 데이터 분석은 생물정보학에 대한 손쉬운 접근 방법을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.