• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2008

This paper analyzed the color of harbor and fishing village for the better landscape. Accordingly the aim of this study is to find out the color-scape in harbor, such as regional color and present status are to analyze with elements of design. In beginning point of development, it is to take practicable data about color planning for marine tourism. Regarding the utility of these characteristics, hue, value, chroma can be checked and design of color-scape may be possible to work out future harbor environments. This study suggests that harbor of contemporary is to be environmental harmony and regional color control. The result of this research, it is carried out that the color-scape is checked by partnership of experts, official and regional person with "agreement of landscape" to provide reasonable criteria in color surroundings. An analysis of regional color-scape is expected to use for landscape improvement of fishing village and harbor.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.5-12
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• 2005

The Purpose of this study is to investigate dyeing properties of fabrics with rhubarb colorants. Rhubarb colorants were extracted with water from sliced dry root of rhubarb. Using rhubarb extract, wool fabric specimens were dyed under various conditions(temperature, time, pH, mordants). Effects of dyeing conditions and mordanting on dyeing properties and colorfastness were studied. The color of the dyed fabric specimens were predominantly yellow for all of the pH range. The optimum condition for dyeing with rhubarb extract was dyeing at $80^{\circ}C$ for 30minutes. Al of 4 kinds of mordating agents and pre-mordanting showed the highest chroma value. Washfastness was 3-4, but the dyed wool fabrics became darker on light exposure.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.861-872
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• 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sous-vide cooking temperature on the triceps brachii of black goats. Triceps brachii of black goats (12 months) were sous-vide cooked at 55℃, 60℃, and 65℃. The samples were examined for color, scanning electron microscope photographs, sarcomere length, fiber cross-sectional area, cooking yield, shear force, sensory evaluation, and aromatic profile. The results showed that CIE a^*, CIE b^*, and chroma increased with increasing sous-vide cooking temperature. However, the cooking yield significantly decreased with increasing sous-vide cooking temperature, and the shear forces of the 60℃ and 65℃ samples showed no significant differences. For sensory evaluation, the 60℃ sample showed the highest scores for flavor, texture, and off-flavor. Furthermore, the 60℃ sample showed the significantly lowest value of octadienone (aroma characteristics of metallic) intensity (p<0.05). Therefore, sous-vide cooking of triceps brachii of black goats at 60℃ is effective in reducing off-flavor and improving tenderness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2001

The dyeing powder drawn out from Dryopteris crassirhizoma by water was concentrated. Using this powder, the silk and the cotton fabrics were dyed and they measured with the K/S value, surface color, mordant quantity in order to evaluate the dyeability, antimicrobial and deodorant properties. The colorant of Dryopteris crassirhizoma was proved flavonoids by FT-IR spectrum. The K/S values of silk were much higher than those of cotton, the color yield of the silk and cotton fabric were most efficient the postmordanting method. The surface colors on the dyed fabric depended heavily upon mordants used or mordanting methods. For all cases, the value of the dyed fabric was generally dark. The chroma produced clear for the Al-mordant of silk and the Cu-mordant of cotton in the 3% concentration of mordants, the color difference was distinct when using the Fe-mordant. The K/S values of cationized cotton were much higher than cotton. The color fastness was significantly improved when mordants were added, In the case of the light fastness, Fe and Cu-mordants improved more than 1 level. The Cu-mordant showed the greatest antimicrobial and deordarant activity on both of the silk and the cotton.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.162-167
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• 2001

The dyeing powder drawn out from Cinnamoum cassia by water was concentrated. Using this powder, the silk fabrics were dyed and they measured with the K/S value, surface color, dye fastness and antimicrobial properties. The colorant of Cinnamoum cassia was proved flavonoids by FT-IR spectrum. The K/S values of silk by mordants concentration were much higher than those of high-concentration, the color yield of the silk fabrics were most efficient the premordanting method. The surface colors on the dyed fabric depended heavily upon mordants used or mordanting methods. For all cases, the value of the dyed fabric was generally dark except AI-mordant. The chroma produced clear for the unmordanting, the color difference was distinct when using the Fe-mordant. The color fastness was significantly improved when mordants were added. In the case of the light fastness, Cu-mordants improved more than 1-2 level. The Cu-mordant showed the greatest antimicrobial activity on the silk fabric.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.197-199
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• 2000

Clarified fruit and vegetable juices (apple, carrot and tangerine) were produced using ultrafiltration and their color change due to the mixing ratio were evaluated. clarification was carried out by passing he supernatant of extracted juice through a filter and also by using a membrane of molecular weight cut-off 10,000 Daltons to obtain the juice ultrafiltrates. The mixing ratio between apple and carrot juices was kept constant at 1:1 while increasing the amount of tangerine juice according to 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% an stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ prior to the color measurement. Hue angle ({TEX}$h_{ab}${/TEX}) and {TEX}$L^{*}${/TEX}-value increased as the tangerine mixing ratio increased. The color difference indicated by ΔE-value also increased as the amount of tangerine increased indicating that the color of the mixed juice became pale and the changes were slight but distinctive. On the other hand, chroma ({TEX}$C^{*}${/TEX}), {TEX}$La{*}${/TEX}- and {TEX}$b^{*}${/TEX}-values decreased as the tangerine mixing ratio increased indicating that the color of the mixed juice became slightly more grayish and the samples were becoming les yellow. A simple mathematical model to predict each color characteristic is proposed.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.337-350
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• 2003

Fiber industry is export leading industry that guide national economy development after the 1960s in Korea. But lately, including China and Southeast Asia pursuit, domestic fiber industry is taking serious situation. Various kind methods can be proposed for high value added in fiber industry, the research about color is essential. The importance of color is increasing in modern textile and fashion industry. Color is important factor of textile and fashion industry because color affects strong influence in human's sensitivity. Color expresses by hue, value and chroma but fashion industry is using mainly hue and tone color system. Daegu Gyeongbuk area is domestic maximum syntheic fiber producing district. This study planned the polyester standard color collections for general color management of the polyester industry in Daegu Gyeongbuk. As basic research for this I investigated the color appearance distribution of polyester fabrics in Daegu Gyeongbuk that were produced for the recently 10 years and Japanese polyester color collections "SCOTDIC 2450". Reflect these study finding, in this research planned the usable standard color collections "Hue and Tone Polyester Standard Color 288". This research constructs insufficient domestic color infrastructure and expect that basic role to develop the competitive power for Korean fiber industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 2002

The textile industry is petting increased effort to manufacture the value-added products that gives the differentiated characters at every level of fiber and fabric production. The color is an important element to be used strategically in order to push up the value-added design. The colors of apparel products have a close relationship with the skin colors of consumers and their preference colors. This study was carried out to cluster the skin colors of the Korean women into several similar skin colors and to analyze their preference colors by the classified groups. We measured the skin colors of 354 Korean women. With color spectrometer, JX-777, we measured 4 points of the body; cheek with removing cosmetics off, forehead, rear neck and arm on the interior part near elbow. All subjects had been shown with 40 color chips and answered the preference colors and preference colors of apparel. Data were analysed to classify skin colors using K-means Cluster Analysis and Duncan test, Frequency and Chi square test on the preference colors about the clustered 3 groups. In doing so, we used in SPSS Win 10 statistical package. Findings were as fellows: 1) The skin colors of the Korean women were clustered into YR, R, and Y skin colors. The majority of the subjects, 324 observations had YR skin colors and the subjects were classified into 3 kinds of skin color groups who had YR skin colors. 2) The average skin colors of total 324 subjects was 5.23YR 6.49/4.09 in Munsell Color System(MCS), 66.56 in L value, 10.53 in a value, and 20.67 in b value. 3) The average skin color of Type 1 was 7.98YR 6.24/4.14 in MCS, 64.10 in L value, 15.05 in a value, and 24.0 in b value. For Type 2 was 7.30 YR 6.56/3.28 in MCS, 67.24 in L value, 6.89 in a value, and 18.4 in b value, and Type 3 was 7.01 YR 7.20/4.38 in MCS, 73.53 in L value, L 16.04 in a value, and 24.87 in b value. 4) The average face color of total 324 subjects was 7.31YR 6.65/3.56 in MCS, 68.13 in L value, 9.53 in a value, and 20.18 in b value. 5) The average face color of Type 1 was 4.19 YR 6.92/5.05 in MCS, 70.78 in L value, 13.2 in a value, and 25.32 in b value. For Type 2 was 5.24YR 6.33/3.79 in MCS, 64.94 in L value, 9.84 in a value, and 19.08 in b value. Type 3 was 5.4YR 6.85/4.68 in MCS, 70.1 in L value, 11.73 in a value, and 23.92 in b value. 6) The difference of mean values between the clustered 3 skin color groups showed significantly different except the a value of neck and H value of cheeks and H value of foreheads. 7) All 3 groups showed that the most preference colors and the most preference colors of apparel was 5R 4/14. and their preference colors were much more than the preference colors of apparel.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.249-253
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the properties changes of wool fabrics dyed with safflower red and yellow colorants under Ultraviolet(UV)-light. For this purpose, the wool fabrics dyed with safflower red and yellow colorants were compared with each other after uv-light exposure in terms of K/S value, color changes(${\Delta}E$), morphology, and strength retention. K/S value rapidly decreased with increasing exposure time, but K/S value of the samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants decreased less than that of the samples dyed with safflower red colorants. In color changes, as increasing exposure time, $L^*$ and $b^*$ increased, $a^*$ decreased, and thereby ${\Delta}E$ increased in the samples dyed with safflower red colorants, $L^*$ increased, $a^*$ and $b^*$ decreased, and so ${\Delta}E$ increased in the samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants, indicating fading away by uv-light and changes of hue, value and chroma value. But the color change of samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants was less than that of samples dyed with safflower red colorants. SEM pictures showed a severe degradation by uv exposure, regardless of colorants type. Tensile strength slowly decreased until 14 days, and rapidly decreased until 21 days and slowly decreased. Strength retention of the samples dyed with safflower yellow colorants was higher than that of the samples dyed with safflower red colorants.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2017

In order to analysis on color difference of yellow natural dyes, I have dyed cellulose and protein fabrics. The results of experiment have been analysed by wavelength of maximum absorption, amounts of dye uptake, color difference, Hunter's value and Munsell's value. The results from these analyses are as follows : Bud of pagoda tree, Amur cork, and Curcuma showed greenish yellow color, Gardenia Jasminoides showed reddish yellow color. Barberry root showed reddish yellow color with post-mordanting method on cellulose fabric. Moreover, Dupioni silk was dyed in reddish yellow color by Barberry root and Rhubarb. In addition to Chroma index, Gardenia Jasminoides and Curcuma showed clear color overall. However, dyeing rayon and silk by Barberry root, and dyeing silk by Rhubarb showed clear color. Comparing all the results to actual dyed materials, Bud of pagoda tree had small dye uptake, and both ${\Delta}a$ and ${\Delta}b$ value were short which can't recognized the yellow color easily. Dye uptake of Amur cork and Gardenia Jasminoides was small just like Bud of pagoda tree. However, ${\Delta}b$ value order was Gardenia Jasminoides>Amur cork>Bud of pagoda tree. Therefore, Gardenia Jasminoides recognized reddish yellow because of big value of red color and yellow color. In case of Barberry root and Rhubarb which have larger dye uptake, Baberry root recognized yellow color on rayon only, and couldn't recognized yellow color on bleached cotton fabric, ramie, silk, and dupioni silk. Rhubarb recognized yellow color on rayon with pre-mordanting method only, but recognized silk and dupioni silk as brown like color. Moreover, we could not analyze color by dye uptake, Lab, and H(v/c) for Barberry root and Rhubarb. As a result, I think we need to attach color table for the research paper which handled the color of dyeing materials.