• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.267-282
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• 2011

This study investigated Korean and Chinese female college students' retirement attitudes. Considering the fact that the two countries are experiencing dramatic increases in elderly population, retirement planning is a significant social issue. Even though Korea and China share similar cultural backgrounds, economic systems and governmental retirement policies have been developed in different ways. The purpose of this research was to compare retirement attitudes and related factors between Korean and Chinese female college students. Based on a survey with 214 female college students (130 Koreans and 84 Chinese), differences and similarities in retirement attitudes and related factors were identified. On average, Chinese female college students showed more positive attitudes towards retirement than Korean students. The levels of thinking about retirement and worrying about finances in retirement were greater for Korean students than Chinese students. More Korean students anticipated that their actual retirement age will be earlier than their desired retirement age. Korean students believed that they should start retirement planning at an earlier age than Chinese students' retirement planning age. Korean students anticipated that the cost for food and housing as the major expenditure category in retirement while Chinese students anticipated cost for health care as the major expenditure category. Korean students who worry about finances in retirement, and those who anticipated that they will retire earlier than their desired age showed negative retirement attitudes when controlling other factors. Implications for retirement planning and education were presented based on the research findings.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.57-64
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare clothing attitudes and the criteria for clothing selection between Korean and Korean-Chinese college female students in the Yanbian region of China. The subjects were selected as follows: 404 Korean female college students in the Choongchung area and 242 Korean-Chinese female college students in the Yanbian region of China. Questionnaires were used to collect the data and the data was analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, and t-test. The major results of this study were as follows: The clothing attitudes of the total respondents were classified into 5 factors: the fashion involving factor, the modesty involving factor, the economy conscious factor, the brand-name oriented factor, and the practical user factor. The modesty involving factor, the economy conscious factor, the brand-name oriented factor, and the practical user factor were significantly different between Korean and Korean-Chinese college female students. Korean consumers thought highly of the economy conscious factor and the practical user factor compared with Korean-Chinese college female students. However, Korean-Chinese college female students thought highly of the brand-name oriented factor and the modesty factor compared with Korean consumers.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare the perspective of marriage and preferences of wedding dress design for female college students in Korea and China. To this end, a questionnaire was administered for 191 Korean female college students and 199 Chinese female college students in Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS PC + 25.0, and the applied statistical techniques were reliability analysis, cross-tab analysis, and mean comparison analysis. For statistical verification, chi-square and t-test were used. The main research results are as follows. First, Korean female college students were more likely to marry than Chinese female college students. For the reason of wishing to marry, Chinese female college students were higher than Korean female college students in economic, life, and parent-related items. The reason for not wanting to get married is that Chinese female college students were high in worrying about their spouse, work, and their career. Second, the wedding dress design preferred by Korean and Chinese female college students was different in the neckline. Finally, the policy measures for consumer preference and satisfaction in the future wedding industry were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.483-500
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• 2014

Survey was conducted on 201 female college students who in at the university to analyze perceptions and satisfaction levels about their body shapes. Results revealed that the Chinese female students recognized that they had broader shoulder angles, bigger breasts and longer calves and legs than Korean female students whereas the Korean female students had larger hip and thigh circumference than Chinese female students. It was found that the Chinese female students had preference for drooping shoulders while the Korean students perceived themselves as thinner and have longer arms, fingers, waist measurement, torso thickness, calves, feet and legs are ideal body shapes. The results of this study show that body weight, height and chest size have a lot of influence on it and the Korean female students were less satisfied their body shape compared with the Chinese female college students. The correlation analysis indicated that body shapes were an important indicator of satisfaction and the thinner the body shape, chest, thigh, waist, finger, arms, the greater the satisfactions.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.135-147
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze clothes-wearing of Chinese female university students in Hangzhou. By random sampling, a total of 183 Chinese female students in Hangzhou aged between 17 and 24 were used into data analysis from November 20, 2010 to January 20, 2011. The questionnaires consisted of 36 questions in total. The results were as follows : According to the result of the purpose of wearing clothes in winter, it was found that many female students wore clothes for a "protection purpose" or "ornamental purpose" in winter. As for the question about whether or not underwear was worn in winter, Chinese students answered that more upper underwear was worn than lower underwear. As for the question about the types of outer garments, Chinese students answered that they wore 3-layered upper garments in winter most. The upper garments worn in winter preferred most was long coat(68.3%). In the survey on the types of accessories, More Chinese students wore mufflers and gloves while less students wore hats and earmuffs.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.97-118
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• 1999

Ever since China adopted a free market economy, it has been basking in unprecedented economic growth. It has now emerged as one of the most promising markets in the world for the near future. The purpose of this study was to investigate of Chinese and Korea college female students's cognitive body type and to suggest basic informations for high quality clothing merchandising for china export. The subjects in this study were 430 college female students, aged from 18 to 24 living in Beijing(215) and Seoul(215). The survey were taken from June to July, 1999. SAS(Statistical Analysis System) is used for frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, χ²-test. The results of this study are as follows. The 90% of Chinese collge female students has under 4000 yuan for monthly income, and they consume less than 1000 yuan for clothing purchasing for one year. About 42% chinese students are interested in controlling of physical body shape. The Korean college female students has from 1,000,000 won to 10,000,000 won for monthly income, and the 84% of them consume less than 1,000,000 for clothing purchasing for one year. It represents of economical difference between China and Korea. Examination on the Korean and Chinese self-perception on obesity of the body as a whole showed that both groups perceived themselves as normal or slightly overweight. More Korean respondents regarded their weight as normal than the Chinese did. The Chinese female college students perceived themselves rather overweight, and held a lower satisfaction level about their physical construction. While the Korean female college students showed low satisfaction level about specific bodily parts, they held a normal level of satisfaction about their physical construction as a whole. It is noteworthy that more Chinese respondents generally held lower satisfaction impressions about their physical construction than their Korean counterparts. It is needed to different merchandising project for export clothing in China.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between lifestyles and clothing shopping orientation. A questionnaire was developed to measure the lifestyle and shopping orientation of Chinese female college students. The questionnaire was distributed and collected from 217 college female students in China. The data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, reliability test, MANOVA and ANOVA by SPSS package. The lifestyles of the respondents were classified into four types such as Open-mindedness, Accomplishment, Sociability, and Activities. And shopping orientation was classified into five types such as Recreational shopping, Speediness, Economic shopping, Shop and brand royalty, and Self-confidence. The result of this study were as follows; Consumers of open-minded lifestyle tended to economic and self-confident shopping. The higher accomplishment was, the higher speediness and economic shopping were. Consumers of sociable lifestyle tended to recreational, speediness, and self-confidence. The higher activities was, the higher economic shopping was. The shop and brand royalty was not shown to have the significant differences according to all of lifestyle groups. It is the factor that lifestyle were important in the clothing market segmentation of Chinese female college students

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.108-124
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• 2014

The purpose of the study is to figure out the difference in preference of clothes between Korean and Chinese female college students, who share similar ethnic traits despite having different sociocultural backgrounds and environment, and see the differences in their body image and body satisfaction. The questionnaire-based survey for the study was conducted for about a month and a total of 449 copies of the questionnaire were collected for the final research. For the research method, we examined the differences in clothes preference and fit between Korean and Chinese students, and then the corresponding differences in body image and body satisfaction. The result showed significant differences in the categories of skirt length, pants length, upper garment fit, and lower garment fit. Korean students preferred slim fit clothes, while their counterparts preferred natural fits. A comparison of body image between Korean and Chinese female students showed that the Korean students had lower body satisfaction levels, and viewed themselves as fat even though they were slimmer than their counterparts. The conclusion of the analysis was that compared to Korean students the Chinese students pursued a more comfortable and casual style, preferring unique and diverse designs instead of simply following a fashion trend.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2000

Today, China is drawing the attention of the entire world with rapid economic growth that commenced with the opening of its economy. The world recognizes the value of China as a massive market that will eventually lead the global economy in the future. This paper is devoted to basic research on Chinese apparel consumers and is intended to help apparel market developments in China. Its aim is to understand the distinct characteristics of China and to study general apparel designs and purchasing preferences necessary for the development of products that can meet the special needs of Chinese consumers. In addition it identified clothing behaviors to better understand the distinct characteristics of Chinese female college students preferences. The research showed that Chinese female college students preferred achromatic, dark blue, and red colors in decreasing order, and cotton and wool textiles. For style, they preferred designs that accentuated individuality. Also, comfort played an important role in purchasing. Behaviorally, they had strong interests in fashion but valued economic and pragmatic aspects when it came to purchasing, and were not much affected by the desire for identification. From research results, the paper concludes that there is a need for developing comfort-enhancing products for highly individual Chinese female college students, with designs uniquely preferred by them, and valueadded apparel products targeted for upper social levels.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.523-530
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• 2011

This study aims to make a comparison between variables influencing female college students' body shame and appearance change intention in individualist culture(Germany) and collectivist culture(Korea, China), that which variable among individual's physical character(BMI), psychological character(public self-image), and sociocultural pressure has the biggest influence in each culture. The findings of the research are as follows. 1. The German group of female college students had the highest BMI, and there were no difference between Korean and Chinese group. Public self-consciousness, sociocultural pressure, ideal appearance attitude, body shame, and appearance change intention were highest in Korea and lowest in Germany. 2. The variables that affected body shame were powerful in the order of sociocultural pressure, appearance internalization, BMI, and appearance awareness in the Korean group of female college students. In the Chinese group, the order was sociocultural pressure, appearance internalization, and public self-consciousness. On the contrary, in the German group the order was appearance internalization, appearance awareness, sociocultural pressure, and public self-consciousness. 3. The variables that affected appearance change intention were powerful in the order of sociocultural pressure, body shame, and appearance awareness in the Korean group of female college students. In the Chinese group, the order was sociocultural pressure, body shame, and appearance awareness, and in the German group, the order was appearance internalization, body shame, and BMI.