• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.37-57
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether parent's play participation and children's friendly play initiative affect children's executive function through children's play flow. Methods: The survey was conducted on 376 children between the age of 3 and 5 their parents in Daegu city and Gyeonsang province. Data were collected through the questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and path analysis with SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. Results: The major results were as follows. First, There were significant differences in parent's play participation, children's friendly play initiative, children's play flow, and executive function according to the children's age and family income. Second, parent's play participation and children's friendly play initiative indirectly affected children's executive function through children's play flow. Conclusion/Implications: This study highlights how children's play affects executive function. Also, the findings of this study will contribute to designing various programs that can promote parent's play participation, children's friendly play initiative, and play flow, which affects the children's executive function.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.29-48
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze how father's play beliefs affect play flow and peer play behavior of young children, particularly as mediated by the father's play participation. For this purpose, 4 to 5-year-old children attending child care centers or kindergartens and their fathers were selected to participate in this study. Data on father's play beliefs and play participation were collected from the fathers, and data on the young children's play flow and peer play behavior from their teachers. Based on the collected data, the significance of the mediation model using Hayes's (2013) PROCESS macro was tested. According to the results of these analyses, the significant relationships between father's play beliefs and young children's play flow, reciprocal action of play and interruption of peer play were found mediated by father's play participation. This finding implies that father's play beliefs and his play participation may affect directly and indirectly the children's play flow and peer play behavior, underscoring the importance of father's play beliefs. In addition, the study's indicate that it is desirable to positively reinforce father's play beliefs by influencing father's play participation, in light of the likely positive influence of father's play beliefs over young children's social and emotional development.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between early childhood teachers' play teaching efficacy and play sensitivity and children's play immersion, and to investigate the effect of play teaching efficacy and play sensitivity on children's play immersion. To this end, a survey was conducted targeting 359 early childhood teachers working in kindergartens and daycare centers located in J province. The research tools used in this study were 'Efficacy in Play Teaching' and 'Teacher's Play Sensitivity Scale' targeting teachers and 'Infant Play Immersion Test' targeting infants. As a result of the study, first, the correlation between play teaching efficacy and play sensitivity and young children's play immersion showed that there was a positive correlation between all variables other than the transformation of the sense of time among the teacher's play sensitivity sub-factors and play observation and children's play immersion sub-factors. Second, as a result of examining the effect of teacher's play teaching efficacy and play sensitivity on young children's play immersion, it was found to have a partially statistically significant effect.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.311-317
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to qualitatively examine the play experience and meaning of young children who enjoy the appreciation of picture books based on the 2019 revised Nuri curriculum centered on children and play, and furthermore, various play imaginations and ideas in picture books are realized by T robot. The collected various play cases were analyzed by arranging them into play flow diagrams centering on each picture book, and based on this, the meaning of play was discovered by categorizing play through reading the meaning of play. Therefore, this study is meaningful in that it supports <Picture Book-linked Young Children's Robot Play>, a play experience in which various playful imaginations in picture books are realized by young children's robots, and examines the experience of creatively creating play led by young children in depth, and furthermore, it is valuable in providing a basis for the direction of play-centered SW education centered on young children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.95-110
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• 2004

This research employs the grounded theory approach among various qualitative methodologies in order to reach a deep understanding of both the experiential process that children undergo in block play and the essential meaning of it. The objects of this study are 22 children(female 7, male 15) in a 5-year-old class of K kindergarten at Guro district, Seoul. The result of this research shows that first, children take pleasure in block play because of the delight and sense of accomplishment in building, the joy in demolishing, and the happiness of embracing the world through dramatic play with building structures. Second, the characteristics of children's block play are popular subject of the play, decision of the subject, impromptu transformation and elaboration of building structures, and flow of the play according to friend/non-friend relationship. Third, the implicit rules shared by children have more significant influences upon the block play than the agreed rules at the beginning of semester.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.90-97
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• 2016

As the paradigm which emphasizes nurturing creative elites is introduced, more attention has been paid to children playing and their creativity. This change means that the importance of creativity is emphasized in the education of children, and furthermore, playgrounds which focus on creativity and imagination are needed. Therefore, this study examines the spatial characteristics of playgrounds for children and suggested strategies to improve them. There are five spatial characteristics of a creative playground: aesthetics, being eco-friendly, exploration, challenging and variable. Through the five characteristics, playgrounds were analysed based on ten expressive elements and the results are summarized: Creative playgrounds for children should have an attractive design with sculptural elements which stimulate children to be excited through associable shapes and abstract colors. Second, shelter type structures and a flexible flow design are needed so that children can feel free and be encouraged to explore in diverse ways. Third, as playgrounds for children provide spaces for rest in addition to play, organic facilities and eco-friendly materials for the rest space should to be used. Fourth, as childhood is a period when emotional, cognitive and physical development are achieved, organic geographical features and atypical facilities should be provided so that children can acquire extensive skills and join in physical activities. Finally, creative playgrounds for children should have mobile or variable facilities which consider the characteristics of children who want to do diverse activities and play different games. This study analysed playgrounds for children and suggested strategies to improve them. For successful design and use of creative playgrounds, it is suggested that intensive research on them and consultation with experts should be considered.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.6
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• pp.642-651
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• 2023

Objective : Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) have been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD). We have previously observed stagnant growth in MMD ECFCs with functional impairment of tubule formation. We aimed to verify the key regulators and related signaling pathways involved in the functional defects of MMD ECFCs. Methods : ECFCs were cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy volunteers (normal) and MMD patients. Low-density lipoproteins uptake, flow cytometry, high content screening, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, immunofluorescence, cell cycle, tubule formation, microarray, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, small interfering RNA transfection, and western blot analyses were performed. Results : The acquisition of cells that can be cultured for a long time with the characteristics of late ECFCs was significantly lower in the MMD patients than the normal. Importantly, the MMD ECFCs showed decreased cellular proliferation with G1 cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence compared to the normal ECFCs. A pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the cell cycle pathway was the major enriched pathway, which is consistent with the results of the functional analysis of ECFCs. Among the genes associated with the cell cycle, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) showed the highest expression in MMD ECFCs. Knockdown of CDKN2A in MMD ECFCs enhanced proliferation by reducing G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibiting senescence through the regulation of CDK4 and phospho retinoblastoma protein. Conclusion : Our study suggests that CDKN2A plays an important role in the growth retardation of MMD ECFCs by inducing cell cycle arrest and senescence.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2022

With the popularity and the advanced graphics hardware technology of mobile devices, various mobile applications that help children with physical activities have been studied. This paper presents SandUp, a mobile application that guides the play of building sand castles using artificial intelligence and augmented reality(AR) technology. In the process of building the sandcastle, children can interactively explore the target virtual sandcastle through the smartphone display using AR technology. In addition, to help children complete the sandcastle, SandUp informs the sand shape and task required step by step and provides visual and auditory feedback while recognizing progress in real-time using the phone's camera and deep learning classification. We prototyped our SandUp app using Flutter and TensorFlow Lite. To evaluate the usability and effectiveness of the proposed SandUp, we conducted a questionnaire survey on 50 adults and a user study on 20 children aged 4~7 years. The survey results showed that SandUp effectively helps build the sandcastle with proper interactive guidance. Based on the results from the user study on children and feedback from their parents, we also derived usability issues that can be further improved and suggested future research directions.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.107-117
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• 2019

This paper establishes and propagates the value of the play through the study of the transition process of the yesan play from 1920 to the present, presents an alternative through the unique theatricality of the region and aims to activate it. The theater divided the theater into Yecheon, Chungnam Theater Festival, and Youth Theater Festival, which are currently active, and focused on Yedang International Performing Arts Festival, which is the only one in Yesan. The details of the performance due to the loss of data were not specified as much as possible, but the contents of the yesan play before 1990 were reviewed using the eupji and Myeonji. It also starts with a lack of diversity in plays in the developing direction of Yesan. Children's plays should be dismissed for simple commercial purposes, or the value of traditional Korean plays should be compared to Western ones, to promote the development of local plays through the natural characteristics and the basis of traditional culture, and to sustain the continuity of extreme economic performance and performances through the development of repertoires. Infrastructure deployment can be cited. The in flow of specialized actors and the use of art administrators creates a stable theater environment and activates the reeducation of local actors to promote theatrical imagination. It is also an urgent task to develop a new theatrical form by introducing experimental theatrical methods of young artists in the overseas performance business of theater troupe Yechon. Finally, Yedang International Performing Arts Festival should be characterized and differentiated from other festivals.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.31-41
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• 2004

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in childhood, especially school age children and persisting into adult. ADHD is affected 7.6% in our children, Korea. and persisting into $15{\sim}20%$ in adult. And it is characterized by hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity. Brain imaging is one of way to diagnosis for ADHD. Brain imaging studies may be provide information two types - structural and functional imaging. Structural and functional images of the brain play an important role in management of neurologic and psyciatric disorders. Brain SPECT, with perfusion imaging radiopharmaceuticals is one of the appropriate test to diagnosis of neurologic and psychiatric diseases. Ther are a few studies about separated analysis between boys and girls ADHD SPECT brain images. Selection of Probability level(P-value) is very important to determind the abnormalities when analysis a data by SPM. SPM is a statistical method used for image analysis and determine statistical different between two groups-normal and ADHD. Commonly used P-value is P<0.05 in statistical analysis. The purpose of this study is to evaluation of blood flow clusters distribution, between boys and girls ADHD. The number of normal boys are 8(6-7y, average : $9.6{\pm}3.9y$) and 51(4-11y, average : $9.0{\pm}2.4$) ADHD patients, and normal girls are 4(6-12y, average : $9{\pm}2.4y$) and 13(2-13y, average $10{\pm}3.5y$) ADHD patiens. Blood flow tracer $^{99m}Tc-ethylcysteinate$ dimer(ECD) injected as rCBF agent and take blood flow images after 30 min. during sleeping by SPECT camera. The anatomical region of hyperperfusion of rCBF in boys ADHD group is posterior cingulate gyrus and hyperperfusion rate is 15.39-15.77% according to p-value. And girls ADHD group appears at posterior cerebellum, Lt. cerbral limbic lobe and Lt. Rt. cerebral temporal lobe. These areas hyperperfusion rate are 24.68-31.25%. Hypoperfusion areas in boys ADHD,s brain are Lt. cerebral insular gyrus, Lt. Rt. frontal lobe and mid-prefrontal lobe, these areas decresed blood flow as 15.21-15.64%. Girls ADHD decreased blood flow regions are Lt. cerebral insular gyrus, Lt. cerebral frontal and temporal lobe, Lt. Rt. lentiform nucleus and Lt. parietal lobe. And hypoperfusion rate is 30.57-30.85% in girls ADHD. The girls ADHD group's perfusion rate is more variable than boys. The studies about rCBF in ADHD, should be separate with boys and girls.