• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.178-185
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• 2014

Purpose: Blood culture is the most important tool for detecting bacteremia in children with fever. However, blood culture contamination rates range from 0.6% to 6.0% in adults; rates for young children have been considered higher than these, although data are limited, especially in Korea. This study determined the contamination rate and risk factors in pediatric patients visiting the emergency room (ER) or being admitted to the ward. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of blood cultures obtained from children who visited Yonsei Severance Hospital, Korea between 2006 and 2010. Positive blood cultures were labeled as true bacteremia or contamination according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Healthcare Safety Network definitions for laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection, after exclusion of cultures drawn from preexisting central lines only. Results: Among 40,542 blood cultures, 610 were positive, of which 479 were contaminations and 131 were true bacteremia (overall contamination rate, 1.18%). The contamination rate in the ER was significantly higher than in the ward (1.32% vs. 0.66%, P<0.001). The rate was higher in younger children (2.07%, 0.94%, and 0.61% in children aged <1 year, 1-6 years, and >6 years, respectively). Conclusion: Overall, contamination rates were higher in younger children than in older children, given the difficulty of performing blood sampling in younger children. The contamination rates from the ER were higher than those from the ward, not accounted for only by overcrowding and lack of experience among personnel collecting samples. Further study to investigate other factors affecting contamination should be required.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 2014

This study aims to explore the characteristics of translated picture books in South Korea and their cultural meanings over a five-decade period. This time can broadly be divided into three periods, being the Settlement Period (pre-1990), the Flourishing Years (1991-2000) and Globalization (post-2001). During the Settlement Period, picture books in South Korea were derived mainly from Japan and America and tended to be informational in nature or based on folk tales. These were translated into Korean to meet the public's curiosity for foreign cultures or for scientific information. The Flourishing Years were characterised by the availability of picture books on a wide variety on themes and forms from all over the world. In this period, the translation of books into Korean focused on a literal rendition of the meanings and sounds of names from the original text. There was also a proliferation of audiotapes, videos and TV programs based on famous picture books. In the current period of Globalization, Korean publishers, who have built confidence through studying foreign picture books over time, have increased efforts to produce their own picture books and export them abroad.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.385-388
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• 2011

Fungal infections are rarely responsible for arthritis. Few cases of fungal arthritis have been reported, even in immunocompromised hosts susceptible to low-virulence organisms. Herein, the authors report the first case of Candida tropicalis arthritis in a child with a solid tumor. A 13-year-old boy with Ewing's sarcoma developed arthritis in his elbow during the neutropenic period after chemotherapy. Despite treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, his condition did not improve and serial blood cultures failed to reveal any causative organisms. After surgical drainage, culture of the joint fluid revealed the presence of C. tropicalis. Itraconazole treatment was started and after 3 months of therapy, the patient completely recovered full elbow function.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.161-182
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• 2017

This qualitative case study explored seven non-certified firms' family-friendly cultures and their responses to the family-friendly certification through interviews with the human resources managers. The results from the data analysis revealed within firm's differences and a gap among those firms. In addition, their responses to the family-friendly certification were classified into three categories: a positive group, indifference group, and negative group. From the results of the firms' various family-friendly cultures and the firms' various responses to the family-friendly certification, we suggested several issues on the family-friendly certification system's improvement and the government's management and supervision of the legal requirement to ensure workers' work-life balance and the firm's autonomy plan for its' own family-friendly culture.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.49-68
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study was to examine how dimensions of socialization practice and relationship quality may function to manage or increase parent-adolescent conflict. Of particular concern was to examine the comparative efficacy of potential predictors of parent-adolescent conflict across three cultural groups consisting of samples from Mainland China, Russia, and the U.S. as well as across gender-of-parent/gender-of-adolescent dyads from each culture. Findings from a sample of 1,365 adolescents indicated that adolescents' perceptions of parental influences on parent-adolescent conflict differ across cultural groups and gender-of-adolescent. The use of punitive behavior by parents was the strongest and most consistent predictor of parent-adolescent conflict across all cultural groups and gender dyads, suggesting that a general pattern exists for punitiveness to increase parent-adolescent conflict cross-culturally. Perceptions of support, monitoring, conformity to parents, and autonomy from parents influenced parent-adolescent conflict within some of the cultures and selectively for adolescent boys and girls.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.75-93
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• 1979

1. Partly because of Freud's greatemphaiss on the important of the child's successful weathering of the oedipal crisis and on the need to home both parents present if that period is to be successfully resolved, there has been a good deal of research on the effects of the absent father on the child's development. 2. Compared with boys whose fathers remained at home, boys were more immature and less secure in identification with their fathers. Some evidence suggests that father-absent children, particullarly boys suffer unusual difficulties in social relations wit their peers. 3. Emphasis on family quality , harmony, or climate as more important than father's absence, person is another recurrent finding among studies that attempt to analzed family factors in relation to juvenile deliquency. 4. The fatherless boys were more often judged to be anxious about sex and to be more effminated. 5. The sex-role problems of the boy without a father probably refect a number of factors, obviously they relate in part to the simple fact that he has not had a man around to provide a model of maliness. 6. Father is important to a girl's sex-role development not only because he is particularly interested in sex typing but also because he provides her with an opportunity to relate intimately to a man and to learn what it is like to invest emotionally in a male. 7. It is conceivable that children of broken marriages are more sensitive to martial problems and more ready than others to end an unhealthy relationship ; it is also conceivable that they are less likely to enter into a healthy one. 8. In some cultures it simply reflects the extreme amount of intimacy mother has with her son as compared with the amount of time compared with the amount of time father has available to spend with him.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.172-183
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• 2019

Modern society has a tendency to raise fewer children. As a result, parents became more interested in their children's creative ways of thinking and began to look for new ways of teaching. The child care support center expects a positive effect by lending various toys and books to improve the physical, emotional and social characteristics of children and to help reduce household burden on parents. In this paper, we design and implement a rental return system to effectively utilize a toy library operated by the child care support center. The proposed system makes it easy for any user to search for items in any branch operated by the Child Care Support Center and to manage loan return records. The administrator can manage data such as loans, returns, and past due from the rental return processing system, and effectively operate the child care support center through statistics of data generated. Children are expected to be given a variety of entertainment cultures and cultural benefits to their families to ease the burden of parenting.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2023

A brain abscess is a potentially life-threatening infection of the brain that can be challenging to diagnose, especially in children. In this report, we describe a case of a central nervous system infection caused by rare pathogens in an immunocompetent child. A 10-year-old female presented with a severe headache lasting 10 days, along with flashing lights, nausea, and vomiting. The patient was diagnosed with secundum atrial septal defect 7 years ago and underwent dental work for cavities one month prior to admission. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 4.2 cm sized brain abscess in the right parietal lobe, causing left inferior quadrantanopia. A craniotomy and abscess aspiration surgery were performed, and cultures from the aspirated pus and tissue revealed Aggregatibacter aphrophilus. Additionally, Actinomyces georgiae was identified through 16S rRNA sequencing. After 8 weeks of antimicrobial therapy with ampicillin-sulbactam, the patient was discharged without any complications. A follow-up brain MRI showed complete resolution of the abscess and edema.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.435-459
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• 2011

The present study explored Korean parents' perceptions of and behavior toward game use among teenagers in Korea. A total of 600 Korean mothers of teenagers residing in Seoul and five other metropolitan areas participated in the survey. The survey was constructed based on five categories of variables, including the overall perception of games and game use, specific attitudes toward game use, cognitions about and attitudes toward game addiction, factors predicting parental monitoring of children's game use, and views and opinions about what needs to be done to promote healthy game cultures as well as to prevent problematic game use among teenagers in Korea. Results indicate that the respondents' overall perceptions of and attitudes toward games and game use are negative. In contrast, attitudes toward game use of the respondent's own child are contingent upon various comparison standards. Results also indicate that the respondents tend to overestimate the possibility that their own child is addicted to games, and their perceptions of game addiction are based on a narrow range of behavioral symptoms. Additional analyses indicate that parental monitoring of teenagers' game use can be predicted by the theoretical model driven from Ajzen(1991)'s theory of planned behavior. Finally, results also indicate that, in order to deal with the problems associated with teenagers' game use, proactive approaches to promote healthy game cultures as well as various initiatives to prevent problematic game use are necessary. Implications of the findings and future direction were discussed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.143-156
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• 2010

This research examines the importance of self-leadership and manners in enhancing the adjustment to school life in adolescents. The findings are used as part of a practical strategy to develop strong high school cultures. The data were obtained by administering a self-reported questionnaire to high students adolescents residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi. A total of 316 questionnaires were used as the final data for this study. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS/PC. The main results of the study are as follows: First, the adolescent's self-leadership greatly influenced the student's manners. Second, the relationship between self-leadership, manners and the adjustment to school life showed a significantly positive correlation. Third, a stepwise regression analysis showed that self-leadership competency and implementation of manners made a comparatively high contribution to the adolescents' adjustment to school life. Therefore, the degree of the student's self-leadership and use of manners in order to maintain harmonious relationships with others leads to a healthy and happy scholastic life for the student.