• Title/Summary/Keyword: Chicken anemia agent

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Isolation of chicken anemia agent (virus) from naturally infected chickens (자연감염된 닭으로부터 chicken anemia agent (virus)의 분리)

  • Seong, Hwan-woo;Kim, Sun-joong
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.471-477
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    • 1991
  • Attempts to isolate chicken anemia agent (CAA) were made by inoculating tissue homogenates into MDCC-MSBl or LSCC-1104B1 cell lines and passaging the cells serially. CAA was isolated from the liver and thymus of 11 weeks old layer chickens and from the liver of 10 weeks old broiler breeder chickens. The layer flock experienced approximately 45% mortality during 9 to 14 week of age from gangrenous dermatitis and lymphoid organs of affected chickens were severely atrophied. The broiler breeder flock experienced approximately 7% mortality during 7 to 9 weeks of age and affected birds showed lesions of colibacillosis, staphylococcal arthritis, and coccidiosis together with atrophied lymphoid organs. The isolated viruses were identified as CAA by the indirect fluorescent antibody test and virus neutralization test using CAA immune sera including one to Gifu-1 strain of CAA. The CAA isolate 89-69, when inoculated into susceptible 1 day old SPF chicks, induced anemia 14 to 16 days after inoculation. It did not induce any cytopathic effects in chicken embryo liver and chicken embryo fibroblast cell cultures. Infectivity of the isolate was not affected by the treatment of chloroform or heat ($70^{\circ}C$ for 15 minutes).

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Survey of antibody to chicken anemia agent by virus neutralization test (Virus 중화시험법에 의한 닭 빈혈성인자의 항체조사)

  • Ryoo, Gwang-seon;Koh, Hong-bum
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.227-234
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    • 1993
  • A serological survey for antibody to chicken anemia agent(CAA) was carried out by virus neutralization test. Antibody to CAA was detected in broilers and layers at different age groups. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1. Of a total of 1,035 chicken sera from 1.16 flocks 617 samples of sera were detected as positive(59.6%) and 95 flocks of a total flocks as positive(81.9%). 2. Proportion of positive sera by age were 92.3 %(88.9~100%) at 1 to 2 weeks of age, 56.4%(16.7~77.8%) at 3 to 9 weeks of age, 85.0%(50.0~100%) at 10 to 14 weeks of age and all tested sera were positive at over the 15 weeks age. 3. In each broiler and layer chicken 63.6% and 68.4% chicks possessed positive sera respectively. 4. Neutralizing antibody titer in age group was various from 1:10 to 1:6,400 and mean titer was 1:400 to 1:800.

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Pathogenicity of a Local Isolate of Chicken Anemia Agent for Chickens and Prevalence of Antibody in Chicken Flocks (국내분리 chicken anemia agent의 닭에 대한 병원성과 야외계군의 항체 보유상황)

  • 김선중
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.141-150
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    • 1991
  • A local isolate of chicken anemia agent (CAA), isolate 89-69. was tested for pathogenicity for chickens. When chickens from a specific pathogen free (SPF) flock were inoculated intramuscularly with the isolate at one day old, all the chickens showed severe anemia at 14 to 18 days post inoculation(DPI) and returned to normal at 25DPI, Some of the inoculated chickens (27∼33%) died between 13 to 17 DPI's with lesions of severe aplasia of bone marrow and thymic atrophy. In chickens kept in contact with inoculated chickens, some of the chickens had anemia at 25 and 28 DPI's. Virus could be reisolated from inoculated as well as in contact chickens till 21 DPI. Antibodies to CAA could be detected in all inoculated and in contact chickens when tested at 42 DPI by the indirect fluorescent antibody method. When chickens from a different SPF flock were inoculated at one day old, degrees of anemia, both in frequency of incidence and severity, were low These chickens were proved partly to have antibodies to CAA when tested for hatchmates. In a survey for antibodies to CAA in field chicken flocks, one out of 7 flocks(14%) aged 3 to 10weeks was antibody positive whereas 19 out of 20 flocks(95%) over 20 weeks of age were positive. Altogether 29 out of 39 flocks (74%) were antibody positive.

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Investigation of infection rate and genetic sequence analysis of chicken infectious anemia virus (닭 전염성빈혈 감염률 및 유전자 분석)

  • Chu, Keum-Suk;Kang, Mi-Seon;Song, Hee-Jong;Lee, Jeong-Won
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.13-21
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    • 2010
  • Chicken anemia virus (CAV) has been recognized as an immunosuppressive agent and plays role as an etiological agent of multifactorial diseases in chicken. In this study, we investigated distribution of CAV antibody by ELISA and the virus gene by PCR in poultry farms in Jeongeup, Jeonbuk province. In the test using ELISA kit, 41 (95.3%) of 43 flocks and 88.6% of the individual chickens were positive, respectively. By PCR, 90.9% of the broiler breeders and 75.0% of White-semi breeders were found positive, respectively. All hatchery was negative by PCR. Of the clinical cases from 49 poultry flocks, 87.5% of flocks and 54.7% for each samples were found positive by ELISA, respectively. By PCR test, 21 (42.9%) of 49 flocks were positive. Major clinical signs of the infected flocks were growth retardation, femoral subcutaneous bleeding, depression, limping, and continuing selection. The genetic analysis of separate N genes of CAV showed highly homologous each other. The nucleotide sequence of field isolates had homology ranged from 99.9% to 97.5% with Chinese strains, and 99.9% to 99.6% with Japanese strain. Phylogenetic analysis based on the N gene of CAV isolates showed the closely relation with Chinese strains. The results of this survey could be used as basic data for development of vaccine.

Immunosuppressive effects of a Korean isolate of reticuloendotheliosis virus (국내 분리 세망내피증 바이러스의 면역억제능)

  • Seong, Hwan-woo;Kim, Sun-jung
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.811-817
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    • 1998
  • Humoral and cellular immune responses are depressed in chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus(REV). The extent of depression is influenced by the age of infection and strain of virus. This study was conducted for investigation of immunosuppressive effects of a Korean isolate of REV. Chickens infected with REV-HI, a Korean isolate, at 1 day old were severely suppressed in the vaccinal immunity against Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease. But these immunosuppressive effects were not observed in chickens infected with the virus at 2 weeks of age, or contact infected by growing in-contact with inoculated chickens from one day old. The clinical signs following infectious laryngotracheitis(ILT) vaccination in chickens infected with REV-HI at 1 day old were more severe than those of uninfected chickens, and some of REV-infected chickens(21.4%) were died after the vaccination. Mortality following virulent ILT virus infection was increased in REV-HI infected chickens. Effects of REV infection at one day old to susceptibilities to subsequent Chicken anemia agent (CAA) infection were also studied. Chickens were infected with REV-HI at 1 day old and subsequently inoculated CAA at 1, 7, 14 and 28 days old, respectively. Mortalities of the chickens infected with REV-HI and subsequent CAA infection were 100, 100, 40 and 0%, respectively, whereas 23, 8, 0 and 0% of chickens infected with only CAA were died, respectively. These above all results suggest that a Korean isolate of REV may be highly immunosuppressive.

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Potentiation of Apoptin-Induced Apoptosis by Cecropin B-Like Antibacterial Peptide ABPs1 in Human HeLa Cervical Cancer Cell Lines is Associated with Membrane Pore Formation and Caspase-3 Activation

  • Birame, Basse Mame;Wang, Jigui;Yu, Fuxian;Sun, Jiazeng;Li, Zhili;Liu, Weiquan
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.756-764
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    • 2014
  • Apoptin, a chicken anemia virus-encoded protein, induces apoptosis in chicken or human tumor cells, localizing in their nuclei as opposed to the cytoplasm of non-transformed cells. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether ABPs1 could potentiate apoptin-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. ABPs1 and the apoptin genes were successfully cloned into pIRES2-EGFP expression vector and expressed in HeLa cells. We report that ABPs1 augments apoptin cell growth inhibition in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The DAPI staining and scanning electron microscopy observations revealed apoptotic bodies and plasma membrane pores, which were attributed to apoptin and ABPs1, respectively. Further, ABPs1 in combination with apoptin was found to increase the expression of Bax and to decrease the expression of survivin compared with either agent alone or the control. The apoptotic rate of HeLa cells treated with ABPs1 and apoptin in combination for 48 h was 53.95%. The two-gene combination increased the caspase-3 activity of HeLa cells. Taken together, our study suggests that ABPs1 combined with apoptin significantly inhibits HeLa cell proliferation, and induces cell apoptosis through membrane defects, up-regulation of Bax expression, down-regulation of survivin expression, and activation of the caspase-3 pathway. Thus, the combination of ABPs1 and apoptin could serve as a means to develop novel gene therapeutic agents against human cervical cancer.