• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.717-722
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• 2003

The structure, force field and vibrational spectra of triphenylene are studied by $B3LYP/6-31G^*$(5d) level of theory. The results are compared to those of the related system, phenanthrene. The scale factors in nonredundant local coordinates obtained after fitting the DFT frequencies to the experimental numbers of phenanthrene-$d_0 and -d_{10}$ are transferred to predict the spectra and assignment of triphenylene for in-plane modes. The frequencies based on scaling methodology due to Lee et al. are also obtained. These frequencies are compared with the predicted numbers based on scale factors from phenanthrene. Probable assignment for out-of-plane modes is proposed based on simple scaling of Scott and Radom (scale factor 0.9614) as well as by scaling methodology by Lee et al.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.959-964
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• 2004

A low-dimensional metal frequently exhibits a metal-insulator transition through a charge-density-wave (CDW) or a spin-density-wave (SDW) which accompany it's structural changes. The transition temperature is thought to be determined by the amount of energy produced during the transition process and the softness of the original structure. $AMo_4O_6$ (A=K, Sn) are known to be quasi-one dimensional metals which exhibit metalinsulator transitions. The difference of the transition temperatures between $KMo_4O_6$ and $SnMo_4O_6$ (A=K, Sn) is examined by investigating their electronic and structural properties. Fermi surface nesting area and the lattice softness are the governing factors to determine the metal-insulator transition temperature in $AMo_4O_6$ compounds.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.529-535
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• 2002

Efffcts of physico-chemical factors on the zonation and vertical distribution of benthic microalgal communities in the tidal flats of Youngkwang and Canaiin, Korea, were studied. Concentrations of nutrients were low throughout the study period. A 38 species of benthic microaigae was identified. Most of the algae were pennate diatoms with small size. Cell numbers at silty sediments were higher than sandy sediments, and showed high patchy distribution. Zonal distributions of benthic microalgae showed higher variation from silty sediment than sandy sediments. Benthic microalgae showed vertical migration within the upper few mm of sediment with periodicity closely related to tidal cycles. Maximum cells were observed from 0 mm depth both sandy and silty sediments. Cells of benthic microalgae in the 1 - 2 mm depth decreased after desiccation of sediments. The variation of cells was higher at sandy sediments than silty sediments. Cell numbers of benthic microalgae showed no positive relationships with pH and nutrinets except NH$_4$-N.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.886-890
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• 2014

The properties of magnetic material of Nd-Fe-B are highly affected by various factors such as particle size, magnetic anisotropy, phase purity and crystal structure. Incorporation of excess neodymium was carried out in various percentages so that it will adjust the proportion of neodymium in the host crystal after reduction treatment and finally help to improve magnetic property of a material. The interdiffusion of Nd-Fe and boron was studied for various compositions and their effect on magnetic property was understood with theoretical concepts. The factors such as amount of hard and soft phase in the reduction treated product is also responsible for the possible exchange coupling between hard and soft phase magnets for better magnetic properties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.939-942
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• 1997

In chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) there are many factors affecting the results. Temperature is one of the factors and it affects the removal rate. That is, the higher it arise, the more the material is removed. But the detailed temperature behavior is not discovered. In this study, we discover the distribution of temperature across the pad where the wafer has just been polished. And then we reveal the cause of the result in connection with the mechanical structure. In addition, we also discover the relationship of the friction force and normal force. With the result of two forces, we get the friction coefficient and obtain the contact model of the wafer and pad.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 2011

The storing ability of information of optical disks directly depends on the physical property of recording unit cells. It means that the degradation of optical disks ultimately causes the loss of the physical and chemical properties of recording unit cells and leads also information, too. We investigated the degradation and life time of optical disks which tell us the longevity of the preservation of information. Optical disks were aged using the accelerated aging system and studied by optical reflectivity spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy(AFM), and the preservation environment of electronic media in National central library of Korea also were analysed. Results show that the double reflective coated optical disks have good preservation of recording information but revealed some deformation of dye area in the AFM images. It means that we should include the mechanical and chemical degradation of the optical disks in the life time expectation evaluation.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.24
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• pp.5-28
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• 2003

Stone has been one of the most intensely studied materials in conservation. Understanding the deterioration of stone needs various knowledge in different mineralogical and physical characteristics and its weathering response under different climate and environment. The alteration and weathering of stone is affected by natural or artificial elements whether they are physical, chemical or biological damaging factors. It can be said that the bio deterioration of stone is coupled with every environmental factors, which induce decomposition of stone structure, either directly or indirectly as a form of catalysis. Many elements contribute to the deterioration of stone monuments and other objects of cultural value such as pagoda, stature of Buddha, etc. This report concentrates on the action of biodeteriorative factorsincluding bacteria, algae and higher plants. Preventive and remedial methods and a selection of chemical treatments are also described.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

This research modified the checklist used in the universities in USA, England and Korea considering the current situation of Korea, and conducted case studies upon each section of appointed chemical laboratories based on 4M criteria, which stands for Machine, Media, Man and Management. The purpose of the studies is to assess how dangerous the laboratories are and to contribute to prevention of accidentsin the laboratories as well as reducing loss of lives and property. The result of this research found out the harmful and hazardous factors based on the 4M-type checklist and predicted the dangerousness as it multiplies possible frequency by intensity. Protective equipment, safety facilities in laboratories, emergency exit and compressed gas cylinder are found to be more dangerous, so the result shows that it is desirable to improve ventilation, safety facilities and circumstances of the laboratory through the investment.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2002

The chemical behavior and properties on the redox state of environmental pollutant has been investigated by electrochemical methods. We carried out to measure the variations in the redox reaction of differential pulse polarogram and cyclic voltammogram. The results observed the influences on redox potential and current of various factors with temperature and pH. These were established factors as the effect of the redox reaction. It can be clearly recognized that the electrode reaction are from qusi-reversible to irreversible processes. Also, it was mixing with reaction current controlled. The bits-phenol A in the waste water was made to compound with cobalt ion and it take away from the separation into compound. The $Co(BPA)_2$ compound was not found to be dissociation in waste water. However, this compound is avery unstable(K=1.02) and for a while, it was to be a dissociation. Therefore, we believed that it was likely to a toxic substance.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.800-804
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• 2007

Cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins are very potent hepatotoxins and their occurrence has been reported all over the world. They could threaten human health when toxic Microcystis occurs in water supply reservoirs. In this study, the effects of several environmental factors on production and degradation of toxins produced by cyanobacteria in Lake Soyang have been studied. A new rapid quantification method of microcystins using fluorescence for a detection signal and a lateral-flow-type immunochromatography as a separation system was used. Culture age, temperature, light intensity, pH, N-nutrient concentration, P-nutrient concentration, iron and zinc concentration were the most importantly examined factors. The toxin content was the highest on 17-18 days and at temperatures between 20℃ and 25℃, and at pH between 8.4 and 8.8.