• 한국철학논집
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• 제56호
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• pp.239-264
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• 2018

동아시아 전통 사회에서 교육은 특별한 정치적 의미를 띠고 있었다. 특히 조선의 경우, 불교에 대신하여 유교가 사회의 모든 부문에서 중심 역할을 하게 되는 과정에서 '누구나 배우면 성인이 될 수 있다'는 주장 아래 적어도 명목적으로 국민 교육을 실시할 필요성이 중대했다. 이러한 전통 교육은 인성 교육적인 성격이 강했으며, '선한 본성의 회복'을 목표로 했다. 그리고 교육의 주체는 스승(師)이었다. 이러한 전통 교육은 현대적 관점에서 볼 때 '전개로서의 교육'이자 '형식도야로서의 교육' 으로 이해할 수 있으며, 교사에게 막대한 권위를 부여함으로써 자발적인 발전 가능성을 억제하고 성인이 되어서도 민주적 시민의식을 갖추기 힘들게 하는 효과를 낼 가능성을 추정할 수 있는 것이었다. 그러나 전통교육에서의 스승은 또한 동도(同道)로서 제자를 일방적으로 지배하고 통제하기보다 함께 배우고 서로 돕는 역할이 기대되기도 했으며, 이는 민주시민적인 차원에서 긍정적일 수 있다. 무엇보다 전통교육은 인성교육과 공동체교육을 강조하는 점에서 현대의 자기이익 중심적 교육과 문화가 초래하는 비인도적 사회환경과 비참여적 정치문화에 대해 극복의 단서를 제공한다. 그런 점에서 '온고지신'적 교육 방안을 강구할 필요성은 오늘날에도 유효하다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the personality traits and cognitive characteristics of the Sasang constitution by comparing the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and Stroop Test. Methods: One hundred and six healthy subjects (age 20 to 40) were analyzed; 45 Taeeumin, 30 Soyangin and 31 Soeumin. The Sasang constitution was diagnosed by a sasang constitutional medicine specialist based on the results of a Two Step Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Diagnosis (TS-QSCD), the external appearance, temperament and symptoms. The results of the EPQ, TCI, CPT and Stroop Test were compared between Sasang constitutions. Results: Among the seven dimensions of EPQ, Taeeumin and Soyangin scored significantly higher than Soeumin in Extraversion. Soyangin scored significantly higher than Soeumin in Impulsiveness. Among the four temperament dimensions of TCI, Taeeumin and Soyangin scored significantly higher than Soeumin in novelty seeking, reward dependence and persistence. Soeumin scored significantly higher than Taeeumin and Soyangin in harm avoidance. Among the three character dimensions of TCI, Soyangin scored significantly higher than Taeeumin in self transcendence. The results for CPT showed no significant differences between sasang constitutions. Taeeumin had a significantly higher color score in the stroop test than Soeumin. Conclusions: The personality tests showed significant differences between Sasang constitutions, but the neuropsychological test did not show any differences. Further studies should be performed to identify neuropsychological differences between Sasang constitutions.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.349-357
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• 2015

미디어융복합 시대에서 거대캐릭터는 다양한 SF영화와 게임콘텐츠에서 많이 활용하고 있는 상황이며, 흥행에 성공하고 있는 대부분의 콘텐츠에 거대캐릭터의 차용은 불가결한 요소라고 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 SF영화와 게임에 등장하는 거대캐릭터를 정의하고, 거대캐릭터를 선별하여 외적특성과 내적특성 등 8가지로 분류하고 분석하였다. 외적특성으로는 모양, 실루엣, 크기, 색상으로 분류하였으며, 내적특성으로는 공포감, 악마성, 이미지 및 스토리 지향점, 유희성으로 분류하여 정의하였다. 이와 같은 8가지 특성을 근거로 SF영화와 게임 사례 분석을 통해 '거대캐릭터의 포지셔닝 모형'을 제안하였다. 거대캐릭터 포지셔닝 모형의 요소에는 어두움, 거대함, 비정형, 인간형, 동물형, 공포감, 악마성, 스토리 지향, 이미지 지향 및 유희성으로 구분하였으며, SF영화와 게임을 이 모형에 적용하여 제안하였다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2008

Objective : This study investigated the temperament and character traits associated with suicide attempts in patients with mood disorders. Methods : The temperament and character inventory (TCI) was administered to 150 patients who visited psychiatric clinics seeking treatment for mood symptoms. The patients were divided into three groups as follows : non-suicide ideation, suicide ideation and suicide attempt. We also gathered socio-economic data in order to rule out confounding variables. MANOVA was performed to analyze differences in personal temperament and character scores on the TCI between the three groups. Results : The self-directedness and cooperativeness subscales of the TCI are most influenced by the clinical symptoms rated by Beck Suicide Ideation Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. In the temperament scale, the suicide attempt group scored higher on the novelty seeking and harm avoidance items than the other two groups. The specific temperaments associated with suicidal behavior in patients with depression are impulsivity (NS2) and anticipatory anxiety or pessimism (HA1). Conclusion : In this study, we found that more risky patients who had previously attempted suicide had a temperament of impulsivity or pessimism. This finding suggests that a more cautious approach is needed to assess mood disorder patients with impulsive or pessimistic temperaments in order to prevent suicide attempts.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.171-194
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• 2005

The essay attempts at a critical reading of Thomas Hardy's The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886) in terms of character and socio-cultural change. Juxtaposing the story of Michael Henchard's career with the social and economic changes in the agricultural town, it attempts to elaborate on the complex ways in which Hardy relates the old modes of life and thinking to the material culture. Though the novel is centered on the story of Henchard, the Henchard-Farfrae clash represents the conflict of "old" and "new" modes of socio-economic organization and consciousness. The story of the rustic man of character struggling with his contradictory traits of strong will-power and emotional collapse suggests that Hardy's literary representation of the rural community and the rustic protagonist is deeply rooted in historical reality. However, while there is the interlocking of the changes in personal fate and social change, the representation is a "reinvented" literary construction with complex mediation. Despite the narrator's emphasis on Henchard's immutability, peculiarity, and resilience, his character is, in a complex, mediated way, shaped by the material conditions of English rural community in the late 19th century. The mediating role of Elizabeth-Jane as a narrative resolution embodies Hardy's ambivalent historical position concerning the period undergoing change and conflict.

• 아동학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.49-64
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of information of appearance, peer preference, and personality traits on children's attraction to unacquainted same sex peers, and to determine the relative importance of the three types of information for the selection of a friend. The subjects of this study were 160 (80 boys and 80 girls) second grade children in Seoul. A Preference Questionnaire was administered in Session I to determine the likes of each subjects. The modified Preference Questionnaire (Reaves, 1981) was used. The subjects were then randomly assigned to one of eight experimental conditions. In Session II, subjects were shown pictures of attractive and unacttractive children, described as having a positive or negative character, with preference similar Of dissimilar to their own. Then they were administered the Interpersonal Attraction Scale (Reaves, 1981). The data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA, $Scheff\acute{e}$ test, and $X^2$. The results of this study were as a follows: The physically attractive stimulus child was preferred to the physically unattractive stimulus child. The stimulus child with preferences similar to the subjects' was preferred to the stimulus with dissimilar preferences. The stimulus with positive personality traits was preferred to the stimulus ehild with a negative personality. A difference in order of importance among the variables with regard to their influence on attraction ratings was found. Personality had stronger influence on attraction ratings than appearance or preference.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2021

The growing literature on smart tourism and the increasing number of smart tourism initiatives demonstrate that the idea of smart tourism is captivating and that its potential is great. However, its concrete implementation so far has lacked the transformative focus called for by smart development principles. This paper suggests that conceptualizing smart tourism development as a utopian endeavor that requires critiquing the status quo and collective imagining of better tourism and good destinations could help smart tourism efforts transcend their instrumental, short-term, and fragmented character. It further introduces the concept of the Smart Tourism Mindset to propose that, as a utopian enterprise, smart tourism needs to be guided by specific values and traits that permeate actors at all levels. The paper concludes by calling for a greater focus on identifying what these values and traits are and how to best establish and communicate the Smart Tourism Mindset.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2015

Objective : Police officers are exposed to job-related traumatic events and have a high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study examined the relationship between PTSD symptoms and dimensions of temperament and character in police officers. Method : Thirty-six police officers participating in a psychological support program were enrolled. All subjects were asked to complete a demographic questionnaire, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and other self-reported symptoms scales. Results : Among all participants (age $40.8{\pm}10.2$, men 94.4%), the rate of 'post-traumatic stress symptoms group' was 47.2%. After controlling for confounding factors, lower self-directedness scores were significantly associated with higher PTSD symptoms (${\beta}=0.6$, p=0.03) in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion : Character traits, especially self-directedness, were associated with the severity of PTSD symptoms severity. These findings may provide useful information regarding personality factors related to PTSD in police officers.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.825-838
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• 2018

이 연구는 초등학교 과학 교수학습 맥락에서 발현되는 초등학생의 인성적 특성을 파악하여 과학교육과 인성교육을 효과적으로 접목하는 초등학생용 과학인성 측정 도구를 개발하려는 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 과학인성을 구체적인 과학 교수학습의 맥락에서 실천할 수 있는 역량으로 정의하는 선행연구의 이론적 모형을 차용하였으며, 이에 기반하여 초등학생의 과학 교수학습 맥락 속에서 추구하는 덕목을 실천 할 수 있는 역량을 측정하는 '초등학생 과학인성 검사 도구'를 개발하고, 개발한 검사 도구의 타당성과 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 탐색적 및 확인적 요인분석 결과 초등학생 과학인성 검사 도구는 과학적 문제해결능력, 자기관리역량, 자기성찰역량, 의사소통역량, 대인관계역량, 공동체참여역량, 세계시민의식, 환경윤리의식 등의 8개 하위 구인으로 구성됨을 확인하였고 문항은 최종 28개문항으로 정리되었다. 최종 정리된 과학인성 검사 도구의 각 하위 구인별 신뢰도 계수는 최소 0.5 이상이고 검사 도구 전체로는 0.878의 신뢰도 지수를 나타내며, 산출된 하위 구인들과 전체 과학인성 점수 사이에 양호한 수준에서 상관이 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 이 연구에서 개발한 검사 도구가 과학인성교육의 성과를 평가하는 도구로서 유용할 수 있음을 보여준다. 이 연구는 과학교과를 통해 기를 수 있는 인성의 구인들을 구체적인 과학 교수학습 맥락을 고려하여 체계적으로 밝히고 이를 평가하는 도구를 제안했다는 점에서 의미 있다.

• 중국학논총
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• 제61호
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• pp.127-153
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• 2019

In this article, I singled out the examples of punishment and compensation seen in Liaozhaizhiyi which is an eighteenth century collection of short stories, and reconstructed the viewpoint of Chinese fortune and misfortune and furthermore presented the cultural meanings that this viewpoint has. The traits of Chinese culture seen in Liaozhaizhiyi are classified as follows: ① Only after carrying on a family line by birth of son(s), a happy conclusion can be made. ② AMain character passes state exam or alternatively his son(s) passes them. ③ Beautiful women / women given as reward have special abilities and talents. ④ Mostly, punishment and Compensation are made on a family basis, not on an individual basis. ⑤ Misfortune derives from a main character's desire; fortune from his sacrifice. ⑥ Norm and criteria for the punishment and compensation are based on confucianism but the procedure of the execution is based on taoism, buddhism, transcendent being and rules of folk religions.