• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.248-252
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• 2008

A 6-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate effects of dietary supplementation with wood vinegar (WV) as a feed additive for juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Eight experimental diets supplemented with 0(control), 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 2.0% WV/kg diet($WV_0,\;WV_{0.01},\;WV_{0.025},\;WV_{0.05},\;WV_{0.1},\;WV_{0.25},\;WV_{0.5},\;and\;WV_{2.0}$, respectively) were prepared by mixing with basal diet. After the 6-week feeding trial, fish fed the $WV_{0.1}$ diet had significantly higher weight gain, feed efficiency, and specific growth rate than those of fish fed the other diets(P<0.05). No mortality was observed in the treatment groups fed the experimental diets for 6 weeks. The liver antioxidant activity of fish fed the $WV_{0.01},\;WV_{0.025},\;and\;WV_{0.05}$ diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the other diets. The lysozyme activity of fish fed the $WV_{0.25}$ diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed the other diets. Fish fed diets supplemented with WV had significantly lower cumulative mortality than that of fish fed the control diet throughout the challenge test, and fish fed the $WV_{0.05}\;and\;WV_{0.1}$ diets had the highest resistance to disease caused by Edwardsiella tarda at day 7 of the challenge test. Therefore, feeding 0.05-0.1% WV/kg diet improves the growth and immune responses of juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between hardiness-self efficacy and compliance in coronary artery disease patients. The subjects for the study were 106 patients who admitted to S medical center or visited to outpatient clinic. The instruments used for this study included a questionnaire of general characteristics, compliance, health related hardiness and self efficacy. The data were analyzed by using mean, t -test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average score for compliance was 70.75, for the hardiness was 87.35, for the self efficacy was 59.04. 2. The relationship between the variables of compliance and hardiness self efficacy was significant. Compliance was significantly related to hardiness(r=.47, p<.01), suggesting that the person with high hardiness got higher compliance scores. The three dimensions of health related hardiness were control, commitment, challenge. Control(r=.513, p<.01), commitment(r=.258, p<.05), challenge(r=.419, p<.01), were significantly related to compliance. A slight but significant correlation was also found between compliance and self efficacy(r=.21, p<.05). 3. In the relationship between general characteristics variables and compliance there were significant differences in marital status(t =3.43, p<.01), duration of illness(F=4.98, p<.01), hospitalized experience(t=2.04, p<.05), educational experience(t=2.66, p<.01). From the above results, it can be concluded that ; Hardiness and self efficacy were found as important factors of the compliance in coronary artery disease patients. These results suggest that nursing intervention to increase the level of hardiness and self efficacy should be developed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.718-724
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• 2017

The combination of rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) with a vaccine is currently effective against rabies infections, but improvements are needed. Genetic engineering antibody technology is an attractive approach for developing novel antibodies to replace RIG. In our previous study, a single-chain variable fragment, scFv57R, against rabies virus glycoprotein was constructed. However, its inherent weak stability and short half-life compared with the parent RIG may limit its diagnostic and therapeutic application. Therefore, an acidic tail of synuclein (ATS) derived from the C-terminal acidic tail of human alpha-synuclein protein was fused to the C-terminus of scFv57R in order to help it resist adverse stress and improve the stability and half-life. The tail showed no apparent effect on the preparation procedure and affinity of the protein, nor did it change the neutralizing potency in vitro. In the ELISA test of molecular stability, the ATS fusion form of the protein, scFv57R-ATS, showed an increase in thermal stability and longer half-life in serum than scFv57R. The protection against fatal rabies virus challenge improved after fusing the tail to the scFv, which may be attributed to the improved stability. Thus, the ATS fusion approach presented here is easily implemented and can be used as a new strategy to improve the stability and half-life of engineered antibody proteins for practical applications.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.916-923
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• 2010

We report nutritional physiology and non-specific immune responses of vitamin E in parrot fish for the first time. This study aimed to investigate the essentiality and requirements in diets based on growth performances, non-specific immune responses and a challenge test against Vibrio angullarum. Six casein-gelatin based semi-purified diets were formulated to contain six graded levels of DL-${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate (${\alpha}$-TA) at 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 500 mg/kg diet (designated as E0, E25, E50, E75, E100 and E500, respectively) and fed to triplicate groups of juvenile parrot fish for 12 weeks. The analyzed dietary concentrations of vitamin E were 0, 38, 53, 87, 119 and 538 mg/kg diet for E0, E25, E50, E75, E100 and E500, respectively. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance and feed utilization of fish fed the E25 were significantly higher compared to that of fish fed the other diets. Liver ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration was significantly increased with an increase in dietary ${\alpha}$-TA in a dose dependent manner. No apparent clinical signs of vitamin E deficiency and mortality were observed in fish fed the basal diet for 12 weeks. Among the immune responses assayed, phagocytic (NBT assay) and myeloperoxidase activities were significantly increased with increment of dietary ${\alpha}$-TA levels. During the challenge test with V. anguillarum, E75, E100, and E500 diets resulted in higher survivals than E0, E25 and E50 diets. The findings of this study suggest that parrot fish require exogenous vitamin E and the optimum dietary level could be approximately 38 mg ${\alpha}$-TA/kg diet for normal growth and physiology. Dietary ${\alpha}$-TA concentration over 500 mg/kg could be required to enhance the nonspecific immune responses and improve the resistance of juvenile parrot fish against V. anguillarum.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2012

We investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with probiotics on growth performance, feed utilization, innate immunity and disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae in juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Four experimental diets were made by supplementation with three Bacillus sp. probiotics (B. subtilis, B. pumilus and B. licheniformis) into a basal diet (control) at 0.5% each. Three-hundred fish (average BW, 20 g) were randomly distributed (25 per tank) into twelve 150 L capacity polyvinyl circular tanks with three replicates per dietary treatment. Triplicate groups of fish were fed the experimental diets to apparent satiation (twice per day, 09:00 and 17:00 h) for nine weeks. After the feeding trial, a challenge test was directly conducted against S. iniae. The results indicated that dietary supplementation with the probiotic, Bacillus sp, seemed to improve growth performance of olive flounder. Hematological parameters and innate immunity as determined by nitroblue tetrazolium, myeloperoxidase or superoxide dismutase activities were not significantly affected by the probiotic supplementation. The result from the challenge test suggested that dietary supplementation with probiotics Bacillus sp. can improve the disease resistance of olive flounder against S. iniae.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1285-1293
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of various additives Solid sulfur, fucoidan, and glucan on growth performance and immune responses in Juvenile olive flounder paralichthys olivaceus. Six experimental diets supplemented with : no additives (CON); 0.5 and 1.0% solid sulfur (S); 0.2 and 0.4% fucoidan (F); 0.1% glucan (G) of these additives diet on a dry-matter basis. Fish averaging $8.2{\pm}0.17g$ were fed one of six experimental diets in triplicate groups for 6 weeks. By the end of the feeding trial, weight gain, feed efficiency, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, hepatosomatic index and condition factor of fish fed diet CON were significantly lower then those of fish fed the all additives diets (P < 0.05). In challenge test, fish were infected by intraperitonel injection of 0.1 ml bacterial suspension with Edwardsiella tarda per fish after the feeding trial. As a result fish fed All additive diet showed a lower cumulative mortality then did fish fed CON diet throughout the challenge test. In conclusion, these results indicated that solid sulfur, fucoidan and glucan enhanced the growth, feed efficiency and non-specific immune activity of juvenile flounder and protect the fish against microbial infections.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.515-520
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• 2005

최근 일본 연구자들을 중심으로 새로 시작한 흡연에 의해 발생한 급성 호산구성 폐렴의 증례 보고가 증가하고 있고 또 발병기전에 대한 연구도 점차 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 본 저자들도 흡연에 의해 발생한 급성 호산구성 페렴환자를 경험하고 이 환자에서 흡연유발검사를 통해 새로 시작한 흡연이 급성 호산구성폐렴의 원인임을 확인하여 이 환자의 임상적인 특징과 경과를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2012

Bee venom (Apis mellifera L., BV) has been used as a cosmetic ingredient for antiaging, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial functions. The aim of this study was to access the skin sensitization of BV, a Buehler test was conducted fifty healthy male Hartley guinea pigs with three groups; Group G1 (BV-sensitization group, 20 animals), group G2 (the positive control-sensitization group, 20 animals), and group G3 (the ethyl alcohol-sensitization group, 10 animals). The exposure on the left flank for induction was repeated three times at intervals of one week. Two weeks after the last induction, the challenge was performed on the right flank. No treatment-related clinical signs or body weight changes were observed during the study period. The average skin reaction evaluated by erythema and edema on the challenge sites and sensitization rate in the BV-sensitization group at 30 hours were 0.0 and 0%, respectively, which are substantially low compared with in positive control group (average skin reaction: 0.55, sensitization rate: 40%) and identical with in vehicle control group, representing a weak sensitizing potential. The average skin reaction and sensitization rate observed at 54 hours were 0.0 and 0% in the BV-sensitization group, respectively, and 0.25 and 20% in the positive control group, respectively. It was concluded that BV classified to Grade I, induced no sensitization when tested in guinea pigs and may provide a developmental basis for a cosmetic ingredient or external application for topical uses.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.392-395
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• 2005

체중 32kg의 3년령 암컷 독일셰퍼드가 식이역류와 구토로 내원하였다. 신체검사에서 체중감소, 음성변화, 유연 및 후구유약이 관찰되었다. 방사선검사에서 거대식도가 관찰되었다. Neostigmine challenge test는 음성이었으며 acetyle\choline receptor에 대한 항체가는 1.58nmol/L로 양성이었다. 따라서 후천성 중증 근육무력증의 만성형으로 진단하였다. Pyridostigmine bromide 1mg/kg을 1일 2회 투여하여 치료하여 후구의 유약 증상은 현저히 개선되었고, 정상보행을 보였다. 치료과정중 이물성 폐렴이 발생하였고, 항생제 치료를 실시하였으나 관리의 어려움과 경제적 문제로 인한 보호자의 요구로 안락사 시켰다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.100-113
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• 2016

목적: 본 연구는 아동병원 간호사를 대상으로 직무특성, 직무스트레스, 이직의도 정도 및 이들 변수간의 관계를 파악하고, 이직의도에 미치는 영향 요인들을 규명하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구의 대상은 G시에 위치한 60병상이상의 아동병원에서 근무하는 간호사 129명이며, 본 연구에 사용된 연구도구는 대상자의 일반적 특성을 묻는 12개의 문항과 직무특성 관련 16문항, 직무스트레스 36문항, 이직의도 6문항으로 총 70개 문항으로 구성된 설문지를 이용하였다. 연구자료는 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며 빈도분석 및 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson 상관관계 분석, stepwise 방법에 의한 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 검정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 직무특성의 하위요인은 직무도전성과 직무적합성, 직무스트레스, 급여는 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.