• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.269-278
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• 2016

This study investigates convergent influence on depression and its association with positive emotion, negative emotion and job seeking stress among some college women of health affiliated educations. The survey was administered to 419 college women in Honam area from March 9th to April 30th, 2015. The structured self-administered questionaries were used. The depression was negatively correlated with positive emotion and it was positively correlated with negative emotion and job seeking stress. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis show the following. The depression of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group in which self esteem is lower, a group in which subjective happiness is lower, a group in which hopelessness is higher, a group in which type A behavior pattern is higher, a group in which personality stress is higher. Their explanatory power was 47.1%. With the analysis of covariance structure, we could confirm relationship among the four factors such as positive emotion, negative emotion, job seeking stress and depression. In conclusion, the results of the study indicate that the efforts, to increase positive emotion, and to decrease negative emotion and job seeking stress, are required to reduce the depression level of the college women of health affiliated educations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.323-333
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• 2016

This study investigates convergent influence on job seeking stress and its association with self esteem, hopelessness, depression, locus of control and type A behavior pattern among some college women. The survey was administered to 531 college women in Jeonbuk area from March 28th to April 29th, 2016. The structured self-administered questionaries were used. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis show the following. The job seeking stress of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group in which self esteem is lower and groups in which hopelessness, depression, external locus of control and type A behavior pattern are higher. Their explanatory power was 43.2%. With the analysis of covariance structure, we could confirm relationship among the four factors such as self esteem, hopelessness, depression, locus of control, type A behavior pattern and job seeking stress. The results of the study indicate that the efforts, to increase self esteem, and to decrease hopelessness, depression, locus of control and type A behavior pattern, are required to reduce the job seeking stress of the college women. The results are expected to be useful for the development of program and policy to decrease the job seeking stress of the college women. In the following study, the analysis about additional factors of influence on job seeking stress will be needed.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2018

Objective : The aims of this study are to investigate the correlation between spiritual well-being and the pattern of stress coping strategies, as well as understand how they impact depression and psychological well-being. Methods : We analyzed 320 undergraduate students in a capital area (135 males, 170 females; 15 students who answered irrelevantly were excluded). Spiritual well-being (religious and existential), stress coping strategies (active and passive), psychological well-being and, depression were rated using the Spiritual Well-Being scale, Ways of Coping checklist, Psychological Well-Being measurement, and Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. For the analysis, we utilized Pearson correlation analysis and simple regression analysis. Results : The analysis revealed a positive correlation between Spiritual well-being and active coping strategies, a negative correlation between existential well-being and depression, and a positive correlation between religious well-being and psychological well-being. By regression analysis, it showed spiritual-well being affected depression negatively. Existential well-being, but not religious well-being, affected depression negatively. Furthermore, the impact of existential well-being on depression remained a strong predictor in males better than females. Existential well-being affected psychological well-being positively through active coping strategies. Conclusion : In this study, we verified a correlation between existential well-Being and active coping strategies which affected depression and psychological well-being in undergraduate students.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.101-116
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• 2009

With increasing elderly living with diabetes, health professionals have focused on the relations between behaviors improving health status and life satisfaction. This research attempts to explain the influence of the health promotion behaviors on the life satisfaction of the elderly with diabetes. Also, we are focusing whether there is a mediating effect of depression between health promotion behaviors and life satisfaction of the elderly with diabetes. 685 persons with diabetes over 60 years of age were selected from the data of KLoSA (Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing), administered by The National Institute of Labor in 2006. Life satisfaction was measured by 5 items: health status, economic status, relationship with a spouse, relationship with children, and the quality of life. Health promotion behaviors were measured by 4 items: regular diet, exercise, smoking, and drinking. The mediating variable is the depression measured by CES-D10. As the method of analysis, the multiple regressions were used with SPSS 12.0. The result of the study shows that the health promotion behaviors have a positive influence on life satisfaction and a negative influence on depression. It was also verified that the depression variable has a partial mediating effect between health promotion behaviors and life satisfaction. These results present the importance of integrated (physical, psychological, and social) approach for the health promotion experts intervening with the elderly with diabetes.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.51-57
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• 2016

Purpose - In the year of 2015 and 2016, one of the items that got attention in CES was a drone. It has been 100 years since a drone emerged, but most were used for military purposes. As its use became diverse as of 2010, it got attention of the general public. In Korea, it was in 2011 that a drone was known to the public through an aerial video shooting for television program. This study tried to come up with suggestions by comparing domestic with overseas cases, and tried to consider the related technologies and systems with applying the role of drones in logistics service. Research design, data, and methodology - The overseas cases were regarded as drone's logistical purpose. The Prime Air service by US Amazon is still not commercialized and under pre-testing due to Federal Aviation Regulations, although it started in 2013. In Germany, DHL succeeded in delivering service testing which is called Parcelcopter, but it is not commercialized yet. Other than these, there are more attempts to prepare logistics service in China with Taobao, in France with Geopost's test, and in Africa. In Korea, CJ Korea Express tested delivery with a self-developed drone Results - In order to study for utilizing drones for logistics as the prerequisites, some overseas and domestic cases, which are currently considered, were reviewed. Also, the technologies and institutional requirements to commercialize drones for logistical purpose were reviewed. The reasons for using drones in logistics is to ensure the price competitiveness by reducing cost. The empirical test also will be needed because drone pilot areas are designated by ministry of land, infrastructure and transport. Conclusions - In order to utilize drones in logistics and foster the industry, this study would like to suggest the followings. First of all, size of drones for logistics needs to be fixed and their operating system should be standardized. Centralized investment resources are needed through standardization to ensure the market occupancy. Secondly, it is necessary to get the converged businesses that do research, develop and commercialize drones with the investment of private sector. Example can be found in Korea aerospace Industries. We can respond to the rapid growth of the market with intensive investing by integrating the private sector investment. Thirdly, institutional arrangements are needed to be established quickly. In the case of high-technologies like drones, institutional support often does not follow the rapid development of the technology. The problems can be found in securing drones-only airspace, creating drone-specialized pilot's license, matters related to remote controller and complementary regulations for drones in Aviation Act. If these regulations are not prepared or complemented at the right timing, technologies cannot be commercialized even though the development is completed. Fourthly, there is a need to secure the transparency regarding possible privacy and personal information protection problem while operating drones. Finally, in order to foster this new industry, government should focus on supporting R&D more in the long term than short term outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-146
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• 2010

A total of 181 college students(61 males 121 females) with at least 5 years of living abroad (Returnee Group) and another group of 181 students (92 males and 93 females) without extended period of living abroad (Comparison Group) participated in the study by completing a questionnaire consisting of Acculturation Index, Multidimensional Acculturation Scale, Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire, Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, CES-D, and WHOQOL. The results indicated that the Returnee Group, compared to the Comparison Group, reported as good adjustment toward college life in Korea and positive attitude toward the Korean identity, but a higher level of loneliness. When the Returnee Group were divided into 4 different groups on the basis of acculturation pattern, the Integration and Assimilation Type reported a better adjustment to college life, lower depression and loneliness and better quality of life than the Marginalization Type. The Mariginalization Type appears to be the most vulnerable group, experiencing difficulties in all areas of adjustment, and is clearly in need of interventions. Limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.29-40
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• 2020

Purpose: In modern society, many urban problems are occurring, such as aging, hollowing out old city centers and polarization within cities. In this study, we intend to apply big data and machine learning methodologies to predict depression symptoms in the elderly population early on, thus contributing to solving the problem of elderly depression. Research design, data and methodology: Machine learning techniques used random forest and analyzed the correlation between CES-D10 and other variables, which are widely used worldwide, to estimate important variables. Dependent variables were set up as two variables that distinguish normal/depression from moderate/severe depression, and a total of 106 independent variables were included, including subjective health conditions, cognitive abilities, and daily life quality surveys, as well as the objective characteristics of the elderly as well as the subjective health, health, employment, household background, income, consumption, assets, subjective expectations, and quality of life surveys. Results: Studies have shown that satisfaction with residential areas and quality of life and cognitive ability scores have important effects in classifying elderly depression, satisfaction with living quality and economic conditions, and number of outpatient care in living areas and clinics have been important variables. In addition, the results of a random forest performance evaluation, the accuracy of classification model that classify whether elderly depression or not was 86.3%, the sensitivity 79.5%, and the specificity 93.3%. And the accuracy of classification model the degree of elderly depression was 86.1%, sensitivity 93.9% and specificity 74.7%. Conclusions: In this study, the important variables of the estimated predictive model were identified using the random forest technique and the study was conducted with a focus on the predictive performance itself. Although there are limitations in research, such as the lack of clear criteria for the classification of depression levels and the failure to reflect variables other than KLoSA data, it is expected that if additional variables are secured in the future and high-performance predictive models are estimated and utilized through various machine learning techniques, it will be able to consider ways to improve the quality of life of senior citizens through early detection of depression and thus help them make public policy decisions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.506-515
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the levels of depression of the elderly (living in urban areas). Interviews were performed during the period from July 1, 2015 to August 31, 2015 of 386 elderly people in urban areas. The mean score of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the subjects of higher age, lower educational level, living alone, having a lower monthly income, relying on government subsidy for their living expenses, having a chronic illness, lower state of subjective health, without regular exercise, poorer subjective sleeping time, lower frequency of going out, irregular eating habits, depending on some level of help for their ADL and IADL, and having lower self-esteem and social support. The depressive symptoms showed a meaningful positive correlation with ADL and IADL and a negative correlation with self-esteem and social support. On multiple regression analysis, the meaningful variables related to their depressive symptoms were their education, monthly income, subjective health status, ADL, self-esteem, and social support. Also, according to the variables was 54.1% of depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is considered that the practice of physical and mental health care, as well as social support, is required to reduce the level of depression in the elderly.

• Mood & Emotion
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.158-162
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine psychosocial factors related to burnout of social welfare officers working in Jeonnam Province. Methods : A total of 395 social welfare officers (male 99, female 296) working in 22 areas of Jeollanam-do province, were subjects of this study. We examined socio-demographic factors, using a self-reporting questionnaire. Subjects were asked to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSS), to assess psychosocial factors affecting to burnout of social welfare officers. Results : Among 395 subjects, 221 (55.9%) reported recent experiences of burnout. There was no significant difference in age between two groups, divided by burnout. Sex (p<0.001), rank (p=0.003), working period (p=0.034), depression (p<0.001) revealed differences between the burnout group and control group. Scores of PSS (p<0.001) were higher, while the scores of GSS (p<0.001) were lower in the burnout group, than control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female (OR 2.840, 95%CI 1.466-5.504, p=0.002), depressive high-risk group (OR 6.824, 95%CI 2.893-16.096, p<0.001) PSS (OR 1.247, 95%CI 1.153-1.349, p<0.001) and GSS (OR 0.950, 95%CI 0.930-0.971, p<0.001), were significantly associated with burnout. Conclusion : We found that some factors, were associated with experienced burnout in social welfare officers. Depressive symptoms were the strongest associative factor, for burnout in public servants in charge of social welfare. Sex, stress and self-efficacy also correlated with burnout, and especially self-efficacy was a protecting factor.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1077-1093
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• 2010

This study aims to examine the effects of health status on life satisfaction and depression and to examine the effect of spirituality and religious involvement on this relationship among Korean older persons. On the basis of the previous literature, we hypothesize that health status will have a direct effect on life satisfaction and depression, but that spirituality and religious involvement will moderate this effect in addition to having direct effects on life satisfaction and depression. In light of the different gender effects on all five variables (health status, spirituality, religious involvement, life satisfaction, and depression), we also examine the effects of gender on these variables. The data for this study came from the Hallym Aging Study conducted by the Hallym University Institute of Aging from February to March in 2005. Through stratified multi-stage random sampling, 1409 individuals aged 65 and over, who lived in Seoul and Chuncheon in Korea. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate whether health status, gender, spirituality and religious involvement could predict life satisfaction and depression, and whether the direct relationships were moderated by interactions among these variables. We took three ordered regression steps to examine the hypothesis; the first step contained the covariates of age, education, living with spouse, monthly expense, living with adult children, and household income. We also entered gender into this step, so it would be adjusted for in relation to the other covariates. The second step then looked for any direct effects that gender, health status, spirituality, and religious involvement might have on life satisfaction and depression above and beyond the effects of the covariates. The third step contained interaction terms to look for further variance accounted for by indirect, moderating effects on life satisfaction and depression. The results showed that health status had a significant effect on both life satisfaction and depression, and religious involvement had a significant effect on depression. Spirituality and religious involvement were found overall to be a moderator, reducing the negative effect of health status on life satisfaction and depression. The direct effect of religious involvement and the moderating effects of spirituality and religious involvement on life satisfaction and depression are consistent with the view that spirituality and religion are resources and benefit the well-being of older adults.