• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5345-5349
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• 2013

Background: This study developed and measured the effects of a cervical cancer prevention program for married women immigrants. Materials and Methods: A nonequivalent control group pre-test/post-test design was used with a group of married women immigrants registered at the multi-cultural center in the city of "J." Data on for 30 participants in the intervention group and 27 participants in the control group (N=57) were used for analysis. The intervention group attended a 4-session cervical cancer prevention program. Results: The knowledge of the intervention and control groups about cervical cancer post-intervention was significantly different (F=12.55, p<0.001). The perceived susceptibility score before and after the experiment, for the intervention group, and 29.4 and 28 for the control group, was significantly different (t=2.063, p=0.043). After the program, cancer prevention behavior was significantly different in the intervention group (t=2.646, p=0.010). Conclusions: The results obtained in this study indicate that the cervical cancer preventive program was effective in increasing cervical cancer knowledge, perceived susceptibility, and cancer prevention behavior.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.144-153
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• 2022

In order to promote cervical cancer prevention behaviors of female college students, this study aims to explore factors that influence cervical cancer prevention behavior of female college students. Specifically, this study examined mediating roles of knowledge and self-efficacy in predicting behavioral intention to prevent cervical cancer. An online survey was conducted on female college students. Analysis of 236 female college students' responses revealed that health status influenced behavioral intention to prevent cervical cancer indirectly through knowledge and self-efficacy. Exposure to Internet media influenced behavioral intention to prevent cervical cancer directly and indirectly through knowledge and/or self-efficacy. Knowledge influenced behavioral intention to prevent cervical cancer directly and indirectly through self-efficacy. Based on the findings of this study, we provided implications for planning of educational programs and campaigns to promote the cervical cancer prevention behaviors of female college students.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.401-406
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• 2015

Background: This study was planned as comparative and descriptive in order to measure and evaluate the knowledge and attitudes regarding early diagnosis of women with and without a family history of cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of the relatives of female patients (N=253) who were admitted to Istanbul University of Medicine. Women with a family history of cervical cancer formed the case group, while those without family history of cervical cancer constituted the control group. Two distinct data collection tools, a questionnaire and the Miller Behavioral Style Scale (MBSS), were used in order to obtain data for evaluation with SPSS for Windows 20.0 statistics package program. Results: It was found that 61.0% of the case group with family history of cervical cancer and 19.0% of the control group without family history of cervical cancer were using early diagnostic methods. Thus the presence of an individual with cervical cancer in the family affected the attitudes towards early diagnosis. It was further found that the level of knowledge on cervical cancer and PAP smear test was higher in the case group, which was more sensitive with regard to being informed about cervical cancer as compared to general society. However, the average MBSS scores were not significantly different compared to the control group. Conclusions: It was noted that, women participating this study knowledgeable, but this did not necessarily transform into better behavior.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.225-231
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to find out how much female university students knew about cervical cancer and Human papillomavirus (HPV) and to develop preventive behavior strategies for HPV infection. Method: In total, 511 students were involved and the assessment was done by means of cervical cancer knowledge questions, HPV knowledge questions and Alert questions. Result: The value regarding the knowledge of cervical cancer and of HPV turned out lower than the median while the degree of HPV prevention behavior intention was approximately mean. The values of the three variables, i.e. the knowledge of cervical cancer, knowledge of HPV, and the degree of preventive behavior intention were higher proportionately, showing a statistically significant difference, as the age of the subjects went higher, as long as they were nursing majors, and were more knowledgeable about HPV (p<.05). The three variables correlated positively (p<.05). Conclusion: Since the lack of knowledge with regard to cervical cancer and HPV is seen to cause a certain portion of female students to be vulnerable to the disease and lead them to a low degree of prevention, it is highly recommended to organize systematic sex education and thereby increase the willingness for preventive actions.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.736-746
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a peer cervical cancer prevention education program on Korean female college students' knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and intention. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a non-equivalent control group was used. The participants were 58 female college students in a metropolitan city in Korea. The sample consisted of an intervention group (n=28) that participated in a peer education program and a control group (n=30). Data were measured using self-administered questionnaires at two time points: prior to the intervention and after the intervention. Results: Compared to the control group, the experimental group reported significantly positive changes for knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and intent to practice cervical cancer prevention behaviors. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that a peer education program developed for Korean female college students was a useful and effective intervention strategy to promote cervical cancer prevention behaviors in Korean sociocultural contexts.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.317-327
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of cervical cancer knowledge, human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge, self-efficacy, and uncertainty on the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior in HPV-infected women. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted among 129 adult women aged 20 to 65 years who received positive HPV results at a general hospital in Changwon, Korea. The dataset was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score for the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior was high (4.43±0.65). This intention was significantly different according to age at first sexual intercourse (F=7.38, p=.001), HPV type (F=4.79, p=.010), vaccination (t=3.19, p=.002), and condom use (t=3.03, p=.003). The intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior showed significant, weak-to-moderate positive correlations with HPV knowledge (r=.22, p=.012) and self-efficacy (r=.42, p<.001). Self-efficacy (β=.46, p<.001), first sexual intercourse at <20 years (β=.45, p<.001), first sexual intercourse at 20-24 years (β=.29, p=. 018), HPV high- and low-risk group infection (β=.26, p=.019), HPV high-risk group infection (β=.26, p=.026), and vaccination (β=.21, p=.007) significantly influenced the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior. These variables explained 34.6% of variance in intention. Conclusion: Study findings support the need to develop a program that effectively conveys accurate information about cervical cancer prevention to HPV-infected women and helps them enhance self-efficacy to boost the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.617-624
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• 2004

Purpose. Korean American women have twice the rate of cervical cancer than white women and demonstrate low rates in participation in cervical cancer screening. This study was to describe the perceptions about cervical cancer and factors related to cervical cancer screening among Korean American women. Method. Focus group methods. Results. Five themes emerged. First, knowledge about cervical cancer; misconceptions about cervical cancer, its causes, reproductive anatomy and the treatment Second, perceived meanings of having cervical cancer; most of the women felt that cervical cancer represented a loss of femininity and existential value of woman-hood. Third, knowledge about cervical cancer screening; regular medical check-ups were necessary for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. Forth, experiences and perceived meanings of cervical cancer screening; the participants expressed their feelings; embarrassment, fear, shame and shyness. Fifth, practices of cervical cancer screening; various intervals in participating in cervical cancer screening. But they mentioned several deterrents, language, insurance, time constraint, embarrassment, fear of the screening results, misbelief about susceptibility, lack of health prevention behavior, and lack of information written in Korean. Conclusion: Results emphasize the critical need for culturally appropriate health education to encourage participation of Korean American women in cervical cancer screening.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4373-4377
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• 2013

Background: The majority of cervical cancers, the most prevalent cancer among Nepali women, are diagnosed in advanced stage leading to high mortality in Nepal. The present study explored factors associated with late diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two specialized cancer hospitals of Nepal from August 12 to October 12, 2012. Randomly selected 110 cervical cancer patients were interviewed and their medical records were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to predict associations. Results: Mean age of patients was 52.7years (SD=10.6), 66% were illiterate and 77% were rural inhabitants. Medical shops (33.6%) and private hospitals (31%) were major first contact points of patients with health care providers (HCP). There was no cervical/per-speculum examination (78.2%) and symptoms misinterpretation (90%) of patients occurred in initial consultation with HCP. Four in every five cases (80.9%) of cervical cancer had late diagnosis. Literate women (adjusted OR=0.121, CI: 0.030-0.482) and women having abnormal vaginal bleeding as early symptom (adjusted OR=0.160, CI: 0.035-0.741) were less likely to suffer late diagnosis. Women who shared their symptoms late (adjusted OR=4.272, CI: 1.110-16.440) and did so with people other than their husband (adjusted OR=12.701, CI: 1.132-142.55) were more likely for late diagnosis. Conclusions: High level of illiteracy among women and their problematic health seeking behavior for gynecological symptoms are responsible for late diagnosis of cervical cancer in Nepal. In the absence of a routine screening program, prevention interventions should be focused on raising awareness of gynecological symptoms and improving health seeking behavior of women for such symptoms.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.2085-2089
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate attitudes women of towards cervical cancer prevention applications and early diagnosis, and whether or not their hopelessness levels had any influence. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in Isparta with a descriptive design. A sample of 251 individuals was recruited from January 2011 through May 2011 in the largest tea garden (restaurant-cafe). The data collection tool consisted of two parts: a "Questionnaire Form" identifying women; and the "Beck Hopelessness Scale". Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 16.0 for Windows for the numerical and percentage distribution, average, standard deviation with the ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Some 70.2 % of the woman indicated that they had not taken the Pap test. There was a significant relationship between the hopelessness level and women believing that they could protect themselves from getting cervical cancer (F=10.11 p=0.00). There was a significant relationship between hopelessness levels and believing whether or not early diagnosis tests are deterministic (F=8.781 p=0.00). Conclusion: Our study concluded that the hopelessness level of women had an effect on their thoughts about cervical cancer prevention and early diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.95-104
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• 2017

The purpose of this convergence study is to understand the knowledge of cervical cancer and its prevention of cervical cancer in unmarried women. 216 women were collected through self-report questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS program. In result, human papilomavirus vaccination was performed in 33.9%, pap test was performed in 7.9%. The human papilomavirus vaccination and pap test group were 6.7% and human papilomavirus vaccination or pap test group were 28.5%. According to the cervical cancer prevention activities, several differences were detected in the family history of cervical cancer, subjective norms of cervical cancer prevention, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention. Therefore, it is important to increase susceptibility of the prevention of cervical cancer in unmarried women, and it is important for the health professionals to perform the most meaningful support system preventing cervical cancer in unmarried women. In addition, various policies should be actively promoted that unmarried women participate in the prevention of cervical cancer actively.