• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 2015

Background: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are often the main pillar of an economy. Minor accidents, ergonomics problems, old and outdated machinery, and lack of awareness have created a need for implementation of safety practices in SMEs. Implementation of healthy working conditions creates positive impacts on economic and social development. Methods: In this study, a questionnaire was developed and administered to 30 randomly chosen SMEs in and around Mumbai, Maharashtra, and other states in India to evaluate safety practices implemented in their facilities. The study also looked into the barriers and drivers for technology innovation and suggestions were also received from the respondent SMEs for best practices on safety issues. Results: In some SMEs, risks associated with safety issues were increased whereas risks were decreased in others. Safety management practices are inadequate in most SMEs. Market competitiveness, better efficiency, less risk, and stringent laws were found to be most significant drivers; and financial constraints, lack of awareness, resistance to change, and lack of training for employees were found to be main barriers. Conclusion: Competition between SMEs was found to be major reason for implementation of safety practices in the SMEs. The major contribution of the study has been awareness building on safety issues in the SMEs that participated in the project.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.51.1-51.1
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• 2020

The Rosette Nebula is the most actively star-forming region in the Monoceros OB2 association. This region hosts more than three stellar groups, including the most populous group NGC 2244 at the center of the region and the smaller stellar groups around the border of the H II bubble. To trace their formation process, we investigate the kinematic properties of these groups using the Gaia astrometric data and high-resolution spectra taken from observation with Hectochelle on MMT. The proper motions of stars in NGC 2244 show a pattern of radial expansion. The signature of cluster rotation is also detected from their radial velocities. On the other hand, the small groups appear to be physically associated with some clouds at the ridge of the H II region. Among them, the group near the eastern pillar-like gas structure shows the signature of feedback-driven star formation. In this presentation, we will further discuss the formation process and dynamical evolution of the stellar groups in the Rosette Nebula, based on the observation and results of N-body simulations.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.147-155
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the danger signs of buildings and present a plan to install a building monitoring system to develop measurement technology for small private buildings in the blind spot of disaster safety. Method: The cause of building risk behavior, components of monitoring measuring equipment, location of measuring equipment installation, management plan, etc. are presented. Result: Measuring instruments essentially include acceleration sensors, tilt sensors, gyro sensors, GPS, etc. The measuring instrument should take into account the height and cross-sectional area of the pillar. Conclusion: The results of this study can strengthen disaster safety capabilities in preparation for disasters arising from building collapses that may occur in small private buildings.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.63
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• pp.43-82
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to study the image of the 16th Century Honam Chinese poetry. for that, Park Sang, Im Eokryeong, Ko Gyeongmyeong in this study. This paper identified the characteristics of Ho Nam poetry is two things. First of all, is "literary talent does not acknowledge" consciousness and image of army. Park Sang, Im Eokryeong, Ko Gyeongmyeong was advanced to the center politics with excellent literary talent to the talents our 16th century Honam. However, at that time, the ruling layer was time to lead the politics. Therefore, the three people to frustration. Yet three people were criticizing the reality. And they thought that they were unhappy. It is unfortunate that they did because of their literary talent to be recognized. Three people were very sensitive to not be recognized literary talent. This is because they were subject to the management by the literary ability. It does not recognize the literary consciousness appears as sword, spear, admiral image. Second, The HwaIbulryu consciousness and image of integrity. Park Sang, Im Eokryeong, Ko Gyeongmyeong thought it not right politics. Yet continued to politics. This is not behavior that is typical scholar. What they did so because we follow a man named Yuhahye. A man named yuhahye pursue life, be it a dirty political reality was to continue the crest. But that never lose their integrity. Three people who will follow the life of this Yuhahye. This is a life attitude graft Japanese apricot flower, oriole, rock of pillar, appears as an image.

• Carbon letters
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

Recently, the control of pore-characteristics of nano-porous materials has been studied extensively because of their unique applications, which includes size-selective separation, gas adsorption/storage, heterogeneous catalysis, etc. The most widely adopted techniques for controlling pore characteristics include the utilization of pillar effect by metal oxide and of templates such as zeolites. More recently, coordination polymers constructed by transition metal ions and bridging organic ligands have afforded new types of nano-porous materials, porous metal-organic framework(porous MOF), with high degree and uniformity of porosity. The pore characteristics of these porous MOFs can be designed by controlling the coordination number and geometry of selected metal, e.g transition metal and rare-earth metal, and the size, rigidity, and coordination site of ligand. The synthesis of porous MOF by the assembly of metal ions with di-, tri-, and poly-topic N-bound organic linkers such as 4,4'-bipyridine(BPY) or multidentate linkers such as carboxylates, which allow for the formation of more rigid frameworks due to their ability to aggregate metal ions into M-O-C cluster, have been reported. Other porous MOF from co-ligand system or the ligand with both C-O and C-N type linkage can afford to control the shape and size of pores. Furthermore, for the rigidity and thermal stability of porous MOF, ring-type ligand such as porphyrin derivatives and ligands with ability of secondary bonding such as hydrogen and ionic bonding have been studied.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.31
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• pp.173-202
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• 2011

Hierophany, according to Mircea Eliade, is a natural manifestation of the initial sacred. Through hierophany, profane objects and sites transform their qualities and then they themselves become sacred. People in traditional societies, in an attempt to reenact the initial hierophany, tried to perform consecrating rituals to replicate the first moment of the initial hierophany, at the same time and site. This article focuses on the concrete sites of hierophany. In ancient China, we can see specific sites that manifest the sacred such as Kunlun(崑崙), Jianmu(建木) and zongmiao(宗廟). Kunlun has the characteristics as the Cosmic Mountain that is the realm of the gods that tiandi(天帝) built as his center on the Earth, and it bridges Heaven and Earth. Jianmu joins Heaven, Earth, and the underworld like a Cosmic Tree or Pillar. It can be stated that zongmiao, the royal ancestral temple, functions as the Center of the World, the axis mundi, in which religious human beings express their desire to live in a sacred site, and in which they can regain their initial purity of spirits by communicating with the gods and ancestors. These three are the sites of manifestation of the sacred in China.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.255-264
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• 2009

This paper concerns the behavior of 2-Arch tunnel constructed under various conditions. A 2-Arch tunnel section adopted in a subway tunnel construction site is considered in this study. A calibrated 3D finite element model was adopted to conduct parametric studies on a variety of construction scenarios including lagged distance between left and right tunnels, overburden, and geological condition. The results of analyses were examined in terms of crown settlement, shotcrete lining stress, and load on center column in relation to the lagged distance, cover depth, and the ground condition. The results indicate that the shotcrete lining stress and the center pillar load are more influenced by the second tunnel excavation than the tunnel deformation. Also shown is that a greater lagged distance is required to minimize the interaction between two tunnels when the ground condition becomes weaker. Fundamental mechanisms of 2-arch tunnel were also discussed based on the results.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 2012

In recent years, laser-arc hybrid welding has begun to be adopted for assembly welding of automotive bodies and parts, because the hybrid welding process can weld lapped steel sheets having a larger gap than is possible with laser welding. In this paper, to predict the twist deformation by the hybrid welding when brackets are welded in B pillar of a passenger car, the residual stress using CAE is analyzed and the deformation result of CAE is compared with the measured deformation. First of all, after modeling heat source as intended to be expressed with laser-arc hybrid welding method, heat source fitting is done with welding conditions and a section of welding part obtained through specimen test. In case of heat source functions, laser used conical source and arc used double ellipsoid source. Through the local model analysis, elements which are located in the center of the model are selected. The elements are called WME(Welding Macro Element). This WME is extruded in the welding lines and welding phenomenon of complex parts is accomplished. The deformation amount after hybrid welding is got through a simulation, the validity of simulation is verified by measuring the panel and comparing with the simulation result.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.568-576
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• 1999

Using a laser sheet beam projector combined with a CCD-Camera, an efficient technique to recognize complex surface of curvature and lane has been demonstrated for the purpose of mobile robot navigation. In general, obstacles of indoor environments in the field of SLIT-RAY plane are captured as segments of an elliptical arc and a line in the camera image. The robot has been capable of moving along around the obstacle in front of it, by recognizing the original shape of each segment with the differential coefficient by means of least squares method. In this technique, the imaged pixels of each segment, particularly elliptical arc, have been converted into a corresponding circular arc in the real-world coordinates so as to make more feasible the image processing for the position and radius measurement than conventional way based on direct elliptical are analyses. Advantages over direct elliptical cases include 1) higher measurement accuracy and shorter processing time because the circular arc process can reduce the shape-specifying parameters, 2) no complicated factor such as the tilt of elliptical arc axis in the image plane, which produces the capability to find column position and radiua regardless of the camera location . These are essentially required for a mobile robot application. This technique yields an accuracy less than 2cm for a 28.5cm radius column located in the range of 70-250cm distance from the robot. The accuracy obtained in this study is sufficient enough to navigate a cleaning robot which operates in indoor environments.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.273-283
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• 2018

Currently, the dynamic amplification effect of suction is described using the wind vibration coefficient (WVC) of external loads. In other words, it is proposed that the fluctuating characteristics of suction are equivalent to external loads. This is, however, not generally valid. Meanwhile, the effects of the ventilation rate of louver on suction and its WV are considered. To systematically analyze the effects of the ventilation rate of louver on the multi-dimensional WVC of ultra-large cooling towers under suctions, the 210 m ultra-large cooling tower under construction was studied. First, simultaneous rigid pressure measurement wind tunnel tests were executed to obtain the time history of fluctuating wind loads on the external surface and the internal surface of the cooling tower at different ventilation rates (0%, 15%, 30%, and 100%). Based on that, the average values and distributions of fluctuating wind pressures on external and internal surfaces were obtained and compared with each other; a tower/pillar/circular foundation integrated simulation model was developed using the finite element method and complete transient time domain dynamics of external loads and four different suctions of this cooling tower were calculated. Moreover, 1D, 2D, and 3D distributions of WVCs under external loads and suctions at different ventilation rates were obtained and compared with each other. The WVCs of the cooling tower corresponding to four typical response targets (i.e., radial displacement, meridional force, Von Mises stress, and circumferential bending moment) were discussed. Value determination and 2D evaluation of the WVCs of external loads and suctions of this large cooling tower at different ventilation rates were proposed. This study provides references to precise prediction and value determination of WVC of ultra-large cooling towers.