• 제목/요약/키워드: Cellular proliferation

검색결과 1,030건 처리시간 0.03초

탈미네랄화된 골분을 이용한 스폰지의 제조 및 특성 분석 (Preparation and Characterization of Sponge Using Demineralized Bone Particle)

  • 장지욱;백미옥;김순희;최진희;양재찬;홍현혜;홍희경;이종문;민병현;강길선
    • 폴리머
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.104-110
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    • 2009
  • 탈미네랄화된 골분(DBP)은 생체활성 천연재료로서 골을 형성시키는 유도인자로 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 DBP 스폰지를 펩신의 농도와 가교제의 농도에 따라 그 특성을 분석함으로써 조직공학적 지지체로의 응용 가능성을 확인하였다. DBP를 3% 아세트산 용액에 48시간동안 용해시킬 시 0.1, 0.2 및 0.3% 펩신을 첨가하였고, 가교시 1, 5, 10, 50 및 100 mM의 EDC를 적용하였다. 이를 전자주사현미경, 시차주사열량계, 적외선 분광기, 다공도 및 흡수성 실험을 통해 특성분석하였으며 세포의 증식률은 MTT 분석으로 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 통해 펩신의 농도로는 0.2$\sim$0.3%가, 가교제의 농도는 50$\sim$100 mM에서 물리화학적 특성이 우수한 것으로 판단되었고, 이러한 조건으로 제조된 DBP 스폰지는 조직 공학적 지지체로 유용하게 응용될 수 있을 것이다.

Effect of ciglitazone on adipogenic transdifferentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells

  • Zhang, Junfang;Li, Qiang;Yan, Yan;Sun, Bin;Wang, Ying;Tang, Lin;Wang, Enze;Yu Jia;Nogoy, Kim Margarette Corpuz;Li, Xiangzi;Choi, Seong-Ho
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제63권4호
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    • pp.934-953
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    • 2021
  • Ciglitazone is a member of the thiazolidinedione family, and specifically binds to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), thereby promoting adipocyte differentiation. We hypothesized that ciglitazone as a PPARγ ligand in the absence of an adipocyte differentiation cocktail would increase adiponectin and adipogenic gene expression in bovine satellite cells (BSC). Muscle-derived BSCs were isolated from six, 18-month-old Yanbian Yellow Cattle. The BSC were cultured for 96 h in differentiation medium containing 5 µM ciglitazone (CL), 10 µM ciglitazone (CM), or 20 µM ciglitazone (CH). Control (CON) BSC were cultured only in a differentiation medium (containing 2% horse serum). The presence of myogenin, desmin, and paired box 7 (Pax7) proteins was confirmed in the BSC by immunofluorescence staining. The CL, CM, and CH treatments produced higher concentrations of triacylglycerol and lipid droplet accumulation in myotubes than those of the CON treatment. Ciglitazone treatments significantly increased the relative expression of PPARγ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), C/EBPβ, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and perilipin 2. Ciglitazone treatments increased gene expression of Pax3 and Pax7 and decreased expression of myogenic differentiation-1, myogenin, myogenic regulatory factor-5, and myogenin-4 (p < 0.01). Adiponectin concentration caused by ciglitazone treatments was significantly greater than CON (p < 0.01). RNA sequencing showed that 281 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the treatments of ciglitazone. DEGs gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the top 10 GO enrichment significantly changed the biological processes such as protein trimerization, negative regulation of cell proliferation, adipocytes differentiation, and cellular response to external stimulus. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that DEGs were involved in the p53 signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, biosynthesis of amino acids, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. These results indicate that ciglitazone acts as PPARγ agonist, effectively increases the adiponectin concentration and adipogenic gene expression, and stimulates the conversion of BSC to adipocyte-like cells in the absence of adipocyte differentiation cocktail.

Chicken FMRP Translational Regulator 1 (FMR1) Promotes Early Avian Influenza Virus Transcription without Affecting Viral Progeny Production in DF1 Cells

  • Woo, Seung Je;Park, Young Hyun;Han, Jae Yong
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제48권2호
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    • pp.81-90
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    • 2021
  • 조류 인플루엔자 바이러스는 다양한 숙주 단백질을 이용해야만 증식이 가능하다. 포유류 (사람, 쥐) Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP)는 최근 인플루엔자 A 바이러스 viral RNP (vRNP)의 조립을 돕고, 이를 핵에서 세포질로 운반시켜 바이러스 증식에 도움을 준다. 하지만, 조류 인플루엔자 바이러스의 주요 숙주인 닭에서는 FMRP translational regulator 1 (FMR1) 유전자의 기능이 규명되지 않았다. 본 연구는 CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9) 유전자 가위를 이용해 정확히 닭 FMR1 유전자를 제거하여 닭 FMR1 유전자가 조류 인플루엔자 바이러스 증식에 어떤 영향을 끼치는지 연구하였다. 닭 FMR1 유전자는 닭 배아섬유아세포 (DF1세포)에서 초기 조류 인플루엔자 바이러스의 유전자 발현을 촉진하나, 감염 후 24시간 뒤에는 바이러스 생산 및 바이러스 중합효소 (Polymerase)의 활성에 영향을 끼치지 않았다. 또한, 야생형 닭 FMR1 유전자를 과발현 함에도 불구하고, 조류 인플루엔자 바이러스의 생산량에는 변화가 없었다. 위 결과들은 닭 FMR1은 포유류 FMR1 유전자에 비해 조류 인플루엔자 바이러스의 증식에 큰 영향을 주지 못하는 숙주인자임을 시사한다. 또한, 닭 FMR1처럼 기존에 포유류에서 알려진 숙주 인자를 목표로 하는 조류 인플루엔자 바이러스 저항성 치료제 및 형질전환 동물을 생산할 때, 조류 시스템에서 위 숙주 인자의 기능이 보존돼 있는지 고찰할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

Escherichia coli-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Deliver Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase and Yield Partial Protection against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in Mice

  • Quan, Keji;Zhu, Zhuang;Cao, Sanjie;Zhang, Fei;Miao, Chang;Wen, Xintian;Huang, Xiaobo;Wen, Yiping;Wu, Rui;Yan, Qigui;Huang, Yong;Ma, Xiaoping;Han, Xinfeng;Zhao, Qin
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제28권12호
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    • pp.2095-2105
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    • 2018
  • In our previous studies, we have identified several in vivo-induced antigens and evaluated their potential as subunit vaccine candidates in a murine model, in which the recombinant protein GalT showed the most potent immunogenicity and immunoprotective efficacy against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. To exploit a more efficient way of delivering GalT proteins, in this study, we employed the widely studied E. coli outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as a platform to deliver GalT protein and performed the vaccine trial using the recombinant GalT-OMVs in the murine model. Results revealed that GalT-OMVs could elicit a highly-specific, IgG antibody titer that was comparable with the adjuvant GalT group. Significantly higher lymphocyte proliferation and cytokines secretion levels were observed in the GalT-OMVs group. 87.5% and 50% of mice were protected from a lethal dose challenge using A. pleuropneumoniae in active or passive immunization, respectively. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses showed remarkably reduced pathological changes and infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs of mice immunized with GalT-OMVs after the challenge. Taken together, these findings confirm that OMVs can be used as a platform to deliver GalT protein and enhance its immunogenicity to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.

유치 줄기세포에 대한 다양한 규산칼슘계 재료의 세포독성 (Cytotoxicity of Various Calcium Silicate-based Materials with Stem Cells from Deciduous Teeth)

  • 윤지혜;유용욱;안은숙;이준;안소연
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제46권1호
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    • pp.85-92
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    • 2019
  • 이 연구의 목적은 유치 줄기세포에 대해 다양한 Calcium silicate-based material (CSM)의 세포독성을 비교하고 평가하는 것이다. Retro $MTA^{(R)}$ (RM), $EZ-Seal^{TM}$ (EZ), ENDOCEM $Zr^{(R)}$ (EN)의 powder를 세포 배지를 이용하여 용출시키고 filtering 하였다. 유치 줄기세포가 다양한 농도의 용출액 하 배양되었다. MTS assay를 통해 CSM 용출액이 세포 증식에 미치는 영향을 분석하였고, Flow cytometry analysis를 통해 세포 표현형의 변화 여부를 관찰하였다. 10% 농도의 용출액에서 배양된 유치 줄기세포의 흡광도 값은 RM > EN > EZ 순이었다(p = 0.0439). 그러나 유치 줄기세포는 재료에 관계없이 간엽줄기세포의 표현형을 유지했다. 세 종류의 CSM이 줄기세포 marker를 변형시키진 않았지만, EZ가 RM과 EN보다 세포적합성이 낮음을 알 수 있었다.

Thioredoxin reductase를 표적으로 하는 항암 최신 연구 동향 (Recent Research Trends in Thioredoxin Reductase-targeted Anticancer Therapy)

  • 황보현;이혜숙;정재훈;최영현
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2022
  • Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) 시스템은 세포 내 산화 환원 반응의 항상성 유지와 신호 전달 경로를 조절하는데 중추적인 역할을 함으로써 세포의 생존과 기능 유지에 필수적이다. TrxR 시스템은 thioredoxin (Trx), TrxR 및 nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate의 구성요소를 포함하며, TrxR 효소의 촉매 반응에 의해 환원된 Trx는 하위 표적 단백질을 환원시켜 결과적으로 산화적 스트레스에 대한 방어와 세포 분화, 성장 및 사멸을 조절한다. 암세포는 무한한 세포 증식과 높은 대사율로 인해 과도하게 생성된 활성산소종을 소거하기 위해 세포 내 항산화능을 향상시켜 세포의 생존을 유지하는 반면, 항산화 시스템에 대한 의존도 및 민감도가 높아 이를 표적으로 한 항암 활성 연구에서 잠재적인 가능성이 있음을 제시한다. 여러 연구 결과에서 TrxR이 다양한 유형의 암에서 높은 수준으로 발현되고 있음이 밝혀졌고, 또한 TrxR 시스템을 표적으로 한 항암 활성에 대한 연구가 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 총설에서는 세포 내 TrxR 시스템의 기능과 암의 발달 및 진행에서의 역할을 다루고, TrxR 억제제의 항암 활성 및 기전을 검토함으로써 항암 활성 연구에 대한 전략으로 TrxR 시스템의 타당성과 가치를 논하였다.

Growth Inhibitory and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Hirsuteine in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells through Targeting Sphingosine Kinase 1

  • Gao, Shan;Guo, Tingting;Luo, Shuyu;Zhang, Yan;Ren, Zehao;Lang, Xiaona;Hu, Gaoyong;Zuo, Duo;Jia, Wenqing;Kong, Dexin;Yu, Haiyang;Qiu, Yuling
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.553-561
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    • 2022
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a slowly progressing hematopoietic cell disorder. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) plays established roles in tumor initiation, progression, and chemotherapy resistance in a wide range of cancers, including leukemia. However, small-molecule inhibitors targeting SPHK1 in CML still need to be developed. This study revealed the role of SPHK1 in CML and investigated the potential anti-leukemic activity of hirsuteine (HST), an indole alkaloid obtained from the oriental plant Uncaria rhynchophylla, in CML cells. These results suggest that SPHK1 is highly expressed in CML cells and that overexpression of SPHK1 represents poor clinical outcomes in CML patients. HST exposure led to G2/M phase arrest, cellular apoptosis, and downregulation of Cyclin B1 and CDC2 and cleavage of Caspase 3 and PARP in CML cells. HST shifted sphingolipid rheostat from sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) towards the ceramide coupled with a marked inhibition of SPHK1. Mechanistically, HST significantly blocked SPHK1/S1P/S1PR1 and BCR-ABL/PI3K/Akt pathways. In addition, HST can be docked with residues of SPHK1 and shifts the SPHK1 melting curve, indicating the potential protein-ligand interactions between SPHK1 and HST in both CML cells. SPHK1 overexpression impaired apoptosis and proliferation of CML cells induced by HST alone. These results suggest that HST, which may serve as a novel and specific SPHK1 inhibitor, exerts anti-leukemic activity by inhibiting the SPHK1/S1P/S1PR1 and BCR-ABL/PI3K/Akt pathways in CML cells, thus conferring HST as a promising anti-leukemic drug for CML therapy in the future.

Apoptosis of Kinetin Riboside in Colorectal Cancer Cells Occurs by Promoting β-Catenin Degradation

  • TaeKyung Nam;Wonku Kang;Sangtaek Oh
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제33권9호
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    • pp.1206-1212
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    • 2023
  • The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays essential roles in regulating various cellular behaviors, including proliferation, survival, and differentiation [1-3]. The intracellular β-catenin level, which is regulated by a proteasomal degradation pathway, is critical to Wnt/β-catenin pathway control [4]. Normally, casein kinase 1 (CK1) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), which form a complex with the scaffolding protein Axin and the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), phosphorylate β-catenin at Ser45, Thr41, Ser37, and Ser33 [5, 6]. Phosphorylated β-catenin is ubiquitinated by the β-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP), an F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, and ubiquitinated β-catenin is degraded via a proteasome pathway [7, 8]. Colorectal cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Abnormal up-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a major pathological event in intestinal epithelial cells during human colorectal cancer oncogenesis [9]. Genetic mutations in the APC gene are observed in familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAP) and sporadic colorectal cancers [10]. In addition, mutations in the N-terminal phosphorylation motif of the β-catenin gene were found in patients with colorectal cancer [11]. These mutations cause β-catenin to accumulate in the nucleus, where it forms complexes with transcription factors of the T-cell factor/lymphocyte enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) family to stimulate the expression of β-catenin responsive genes, such as c-Myc and cyclin D1, which leads to colorectal tumorigenesis [12-14]. Therefore, downregulating β-catenin response transcription (CRT) is a potential strategy for preventing and treating colorectal cancer. Plant cytokinins are N6-substituted purine derivatives; they promote cell division in plants and regulate developmental pathways. Natural cytokinins are classified as isoprenoid (isopentenyladenine, zeatin, and dihydrozeatin), aromatic (benzyladenine, topolin, and methoxytopolin), or furfural (kinetin and kinetin riboside), depending on their structure [15, 16]. Kinetin riboside was identified in coconut water and is a naturally produced cytokinin that induces apoptosis and exhibits antiproliferative activity in several human cancer cell lines [17]. However, little attention has been paid to kinetin riboside's mode of action. In this study, we show that kinetin riboside exerts its cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cells by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and promoting intracellular β-catenin degradation.

암 미세환경에서 ZO 단백질의 역할 고찰 (Examining the Role of ZO Protein in the Cancer Microenvironment)

  • 김민혜;차희재
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.279-285
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    • 2024
  • Zonula occludens (ZO) 단백질은 세포 간의 접합 및 세포질 표면에서 구조적으로 기초를 제공하는 스캐폴딩 단백질로 통합 막 단백질과 세포골격 사이를 연결해주는 역할을 하며 구조적 기능 이외에도 세포 성장 및 증식 조절에도 참여를 한다. 최근 연구들에 따르면 ZO 단백질이 여러 질병 중에서도 암에 관여를 한다는 사실을 보여주고 있다. 특히, ZO 단백질은 암 미세환경에서 암세포의 성장과 발달에 영향을 주고 있다고 보고되고 있다. ZO 단백질은 혈관신생, 염증 반응, 상피-중간엽 전이, 중간엽 줄기 세포와의 상호작용을 통해 암 미세환경에서 다양한 기능을 수행한다. 이런 작용 메커니즘은 암의 종류 및 환경적 조건에 따라 달라질 수 있어 최근까지도 이와 관련된 연구들이 진행되면서 ZO 단백질이 참여하는 여러 신호전달기작들이 밝혀지고 있다. 이를 통해 암세포 환경에서 암 성장과 발달을 늦춰줄 수 있는 새로운 치료법도 고려해 볼 수 있다. 또한 ZO 단백질의 세포 및 생체 내 역할에 대한 연구는 계속되고 있지만, 신호전달 기작들이 생체 내 암 미세환경에서 어떻게 작용하는지에 대한 이해는 아직 부족하다. 따라서, 본 리뷰에서는 ZO 단백질 관련 암 미세환경의 특징 및 조절 기작을 소개하고 ZO 단백질의 특성을 활용하여 암 세포 환경을 억제하고 생체 내 ZO 단백질의 역할을 고찰하고자 한다.

Cyclic Phytosphingosine-1-Phosphate Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice

  • Youngheon Park;Jimin Jang;Jooyeon Lee;Hyosin Baek;Jaehyun Park;Sang-Ryul Cha;Se Bi Lee;Sunghun Na;Jae-Woo Kwon;Seok-Ho Hong;Se-Ran Yang
    • International Journal of Stem Cells
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.191-201
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    • 2023
  • Background and Objectives: O-cyclic phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (cP1P) is a synthetic chemical and has a structure like sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is known to promote cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and anti-apoptosis through hippocampal signals. However, S1P mediated cellular-, molecular mechanism is still remained in the lung. Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by excessive immune response, increased vascular permeability, alveolar-peritoneal barrier collapse, and edema. In this study, we determined whether cP1P primed human dermal derived mesenchymal stem cells (hdMSCs) ameliorate lung injury and its therapeutic pathway in ALI mice. Methods and Results: cP1P treatment significantly stimulated MSC migration and invasion ability. In cytokine array, secretion of vascular-related factors was increased in cP1P primed hdMSCs (hdMSCcP1P), and cP1P treatment induced inhibition of Lats while increased phosphorylation of Yap. We next determined whether hdMSCcP1P reduce inflammatory response in LPS exposed mice. hdMSCcP1P further decreased infiltration of macrophage and neutrophil, and release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were reduced rather than naïve hdMSC treatment. In addition, phosphorylation of STAT1 and expression of iNOS were significantly decreased in the lungs of MSCcP1P treated mice. Conclusions: Taken together, these data suggest that cP1P treatment enhances hdMSC migration in regulation of Hippo signaling and MSCcP1P provide a therapeutic potential for ALI/ARDS treatment.