• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1727-1732
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• 2007

Phenylacetic acid (PAA) is produced by many bacteria as an antifungal agent and also appears to be an environmentally toxic chemical. The object of this study was to detect PAA using Pseudomonas putida harboring a reporter plasmid that has a PAA-inducible promoter fused to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was used to construct a green fluorescent protein-based reporter fusion using the paaA promoter region to detect the presence of PAA. The reporter strain exhibited a high level of gfp expression in minimal medium containing PAA; however, the level of GFP expression diminished when glucose was added to the medium, whereas other carbon sources, such as succinate and pyruvate, showed no catabolic repression. Interestingly, overexpression of a paaF gene encoding PAA-CoA ligase minimized catabolic repression. The reporter strain could also successfully detect PAA produced by other PAA-producing bacteria. This GFP-based bioreporter provides a useful tool for detecting bacteria producing PAA.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.948-952
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• 2009

Recently, a new distributed grid scheme, called DS-GRID(distributed S-GRID), has been proposed to manage the location information of moving objects in a spatial network[1]. However, because DS-GRID uses uniform grid cells, it cannot handle skewed data which frequently occur in the real application. To solve this problem, we propose a dynamic distributed grid scheme which splits a grid cell dynamically based on the density of moving objects. In addition, we propose a k-nearest neighbor processing algorithm for the proposed scheme. Finally, it is shown from the performance analysis that our scheme achieves better retrieval and update performance than the DS-GRID when the moving objects are skewed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.10
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• pp.76-82
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• 1998

As the minimum feature size of a semiconductor chip gets smaller, the inevitable distortion of patterned image by optical lithography becomes the limiting factor in the mass production of VLSI. The optical proximity correction (OPC), which corrects pattern distortion that originates from the resolution limit of optical lithography, is becoming indispensable technology. In this paper, we describe a program that corrects optical proximity effect and thus finds the optimum mask pattern with a Monte-Carlo method. The program was applied to real memory cell patterns to produce mask patterns that generate image patterns closer to object images than original mask patterns, and increase of process margin is expected, as well.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.60-64
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• 2004

In this paper calculations of magnetisation and magnetoresistance characteristics of the Spin Valve (SV) and Pseudo Spin Valve (PSV) spintronics structures are reported and compared with the experimental data. The magnetisation reversal process was analysed with respect to the Stoner- Wohlfahrt model of total surface energy in terms of uniaxial anisotropy, exchange coupling between ferromagnetic layers, unidirectional exchange anisotropy of pinned layer (modelled by exchange coupling between magnetisation of pinned layer and net magnetisation of antiferromagnetic layer with high anisotropy). The numerical simulation of the model to the experimental magnetisation data yielded the above parameters for SV and PSV structures. These parameters were used to more sophistically micromagnetic modelling tool originating from the project called Object Oriented Micromagnetic Framework. Influence of the shape anisotropy of the Magnetic Tunnelling Junction cell used in MRAM was simulated by means of micromagnetic simulations. Results were compared to those obtained from the spot Kerr measurements.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.547-555
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• 2001

In pressurized light water reactor fuel assembly, spacer grids support nuclear fuel rods both laterally and vertically. The fuel rods are supported by spacer grid springs and grid dimples that are located in the grid cell. The support system allows for some thermal expansion and imbalance of the fuel rods. The imbalance is absorbed by elastic energy to prevent coolant flow- induced vibration damage. Design requirements are defined and a design process is established. The design process includes mathematical optimization as well as practical design method. The shape of the grid spring is designed to maintain its function during the lifetime of the fuel assembly. A structural optimization method is employed for the shape design. Since the optimization is carried out in the linear range of finite element analysis, the optimum solution is verified by nonlinear analysis. A good design is found and the final design is compared with the initial conceptual design. Commercial codes are utilized for structural analysis and optimization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.754-758
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• 2002

According to the enlargement of production facilities and structures, the requirements of high-capacity load cells are increased for monitoring the process conditions in many fields. Generally, however, the accuracy of the column-type high-capacity load cells is not enough due to the geometric nonlinearity. It is supposed to result from the fact that the whole spring element is under high-level stress for the uniform strain field. In this paper, a new shape of spring element is developed which utilizes the stress concentration. As a design criterion, an object function which quantifies the degree of nonlinearity is defined and optimized by use of response surface modeling. As a result, the weight of the spring element is reduced shout 50% in comparison to the conventional shape. The bonding positions of stain gages are found. which show theoretically zero geometrical nonlinearity, while the ratio of overload protection is reduced from 130% to 125% Also it is shown that the response surface method is very efficient in the optimization approach by use of FEM.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.208-208
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• 2011

최근 유연기판 기술을 기반으로 대면적 roll to roll 공정기술 개발이 활발히 연구됨에 따라 이에 적용 가능한 대면적 플라즈마 소스의 중요성이 대두되고 있다. 대면적 플라즈마 처리 공정에 적용 가능한 소스 중 closed drift 타입의 선형 이온 소스는 제작 및 대면적화가 용이함에 따라 다양한 산업 분야에서 사용되고 있다. 선형 이온 소스를 다양한 표면처리 공정에 효과적으로 적용하기 위해서는 방전 특성에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 각 공정에 맞는 이온빔 전류 밀도, 방전 전압 등의 방전 인자 조절이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 표면 개질, 식각 및 박막 증착 등의 다양한 분야에 활용 가능한 선형 이온 소스를 개발하였으며, 선형 이온 소스를 통한 표면 식각 공정을 집중적으로 연구하였다. 전극 및 자기장 구조에 따른 선형 이온 소스 내 플라즈마 방전거동 분석을 위해 object oriented particle in cell(OOPIC) 전산모사를 수행하였으며, 이를 통해 식각 또는 증착 공정에 적합한 이온 소스의 구조 및 공정 조건을 예측하였다. 또한 OOPIC 전산모사를 통해 예측된 이온빔 인출 경향을 Faraday cup을 이용한 이온빔 전류 밀도 측정을 통해 확인하였다. 실리콘 기판 식각 공정의 경우, 이온 전류밀도 및 에너지에 따른 식각 거동 분석, 이온빔 입사각 변화에 따른 식각 특성 분석을 통해 최적 식각 공정 조건을 도출하였다. 특히, 이온빔 입사각 변화에 따른 식각률 변화는 일반적으로 알려진 입사각에 따른 스퍼터링율과 유사한 경향을 보였다. 이온빔 에너지 3 kV, Ar 압력 1.3 mTorr 조건에서 기판 정지 상태시 약 8.5 nm/s의 식각 속도를 얻었다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07e
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• pp.1824-1827
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• 1998

A Laser Doppler Vibrometer(LDV) was developed using He-Ne laser as a light source. The heterodyne method was employed and its output signal was digitally processed with a $\mu$-processor and the result was displayed with LCD. The frequency shifted object beam(40 MHz) by a Bragg cell was focused on the surface of the moving target and the Doppler shifted reflected beam was recombined with reference beam at the fast photodetector to produce frequency modulated signal centered at 40 MHz. The signal from the detector was amplified and downconverted to intermediate frequency centered at 1 MHz after mixing process. The voltage output that was proportional to the velocity of the moving surface was obtained using PLL. With the same method, the fringe pattern signal of the moving surface is obtained. This fringe pattern signal is converted to TTL signal with ZCD(zero-crossing detector) and then counted to calculate the displacement due to the vibration, which is displayed with LCD. This LDV can be used to measure the resonant frequency of the electric equipments such as circuit breakers and transformers, of which resonant frequencies are changed when they are damaged.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.633-639
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• 2004

The expression of therapeutic transgenes in recombinant adenoviral vectors is a major cause of toxicity in dividing cancer cells as well as non dividing normal cells. To solve the problem of toxicity to normal cells, we have reported on a recombinant adenoviral vector system （AdLP-） in which the expression of the transgene is directed by the tumor-specific L-plastin promoter （LP） （Chung et al., 1999）. The object of this study was to generate a recombinant adenoviral vector system which would generate tumor cell specific expression of cytosine deaminase （CD） gene. We report the construction of a replication-incompetent adenoviral vector in which CD is driven by the L-plastin promoter （AdLPCD）. Infection of 293 cells by AdLPCD generated the functional CD protein as measured by HPLC analysis for the conversion of 5-Fluorocy-tosine （5-FC） to 5-Fluorouracil （5-FU）. HPLC analysis in conjunction with counting radioactivity for ［6-$^3$H］-5FC and ［6-$^3$H］-5FU demonstrated vector dose-dependent conversion of 5-FC to 5-FU in AdLPCD infected ovarian cancer cells. The results from present and previous studies（Peng et al., 2001； Akbulut et al., 2003） suggest that the use of the AdLPCD／5-FC system may be of value in the treatment of cancer including microscopic ovarian cancer in the peritoneal cavity.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.19-41
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• 2005

Object : This study was designed to asses the effect of Sunghyangjungkisan-ga-pogongng and herbs on Mouse neuroblastoma 2a cells damaged by hypoxia-reoxygenation. Method : Mouse neuroblastoma 2a (N2a) cells were measured by MTT assay and LDH assay after 48h hypoxia and 6h reoxygenation, Mouse neuroblastoma 2a (N2a) cells were treated by SHJG+P and herbs. Result : 1. SHJG+P was effective on LDH assay of hypoxia and reoxygenation. 2. The herbs were generally effective on LDH assay of hypoxia and reoxygenation. In MTT assay of hypoxia JP and GC were effecctive. In LDH assay of hypoxia all of herbs were effective. DMH, BC, SY, NS were more effective than other herbs. In LDH assay of reoxygenation KH, BH, BBR, DMH were especially effective. In MTT assay of reoxygenation most of herbs were not effective. But GC, SY, BH, JP were effective. Conclusion : The results imply that SHJG+P and all of berbs may have protective effect on dementia and GC, SY, BH, JP may have protective effect.