• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1996

본 연구는 immunosurgery와 polynucleotide-specific 형광물질을 이용한 differential labelling기법으로 체외에서 소 수정란의 배발달을 유기하는데 효과적인 것으로 알려진 CR1배양액을 사용하여 체외생산된 소 배반포기배의 inner cell mass (ICM)와 trophectoderm(TE)의 총 세포수를 조사하고자 실시하였다. 공시 배반포기배는 체외수정 후 8일째에 얻어졌다. 체외생산된 배반포기배는 배반포강의 확대와 투명대 두께의 감소를 기준으로 초기, 중기 및 팽윤단계로 구분하였으며, 또한 같은 배발달군내의 배반포기배는 다시 두 군으로 나누어 bisbenzimide만을 처리하여 얻어진 총세포수와 immunosurgery와 two polynulceotide-specific 형광물질을 이용하여 얻어진 ICM와 TE의 총세포수를 비교하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 체외수정 후 8일째 배반포기배의 발달율은 29.3%였으며, 초기, 중기, 팽윤 및 부화단계로 구분하였을 때의 발달율은 각각 8.7, 9.9, 7.6, 3.1%였다. 2) Bisbenzimide를 이용한 배반포기배의 총 세포수는 초기, 중기 및 팽윤단게가 각각 46.9$\pm$8.6, 66.2$\pm$12.5, 122.8$\pm$14.4를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 CR1이 소 수정란의 발달에 적절한 배양액임을 알 수 있었다. 3) Immunosurgery와 polynucleotide-specific 형광물질을 이용한 differential labelling기법으로 배반포기배의 ICM과 TE 세포수를 초기, 중기 및 팽윤단계로 나누어 조사한 결과, ICM 세포수는 각각 12.8$\pm$5.9, 26.3$\pm$8.4, 35.5$\pm$15.0개 이었고, TE 세포수는 각각 30.5$\pm$5.0, 41.3$\pm$8.2, 81.1$\pm$13.4개로 나타나 ICM과 TE 세포수는 초기 배반포기배에서 팽윤 배반포기배로 진행됨에 따라 두배에서 세배 정도 증가되었음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, differential labelling과 bisbenzimide기법에서 얻어진 각각의 총세포수를 비교하였을 때 총세포수는 발달의 진행 정도에 따라 증가되며 그와 동시에 동일한 군 간의 세포수도 거의 유사함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, ICM과 TE를 differential labelling하는 기법은 수정란의 quality를 평가하는데 매우 유용한 기법으로서 착상전 embryo 발달을 연구하는데 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2015

A study was carried out to observe the 1% aqueous safranine solution flow speed in longitudinal and radial directions of softwood G. biloba, ring-porous wood A. altissima, and diffuse- porouswood D. kaki. In radial direction, ray cells and in longitudinal direction tracheids, vessel and wood fiber were considered for the measurement of liquid penetration speed at less than 12% moisture contents (MC). The length, lumen diameter, pit diameter, end wall pit diameter and the numbers of end wall pits determined for the flow rate. The liquid flow in the those cells was captured via video and the capillary flow rate in the ones were measured. Vessel in hardwood species and tracheids in softwood was found to facilitate prime role in longitudinal penetration. Radial flow speed was found highest in ray parenchyma of G. biloba. Anatomical features like the length and diameter, end-wall pit numbers of ray parenchyma were found also responsible fluid flow differences. On the other hand, vessel and fiber structure affected the longitudinal flow of liquids. Therefore, the average liquid penetration depth in longitudinal tracheids of G. biloba was found the highest among all cells considered in D. kaki and A. altissima.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2013

To demonstrate that follistatin treatment enhances the efficiency of nuclear transfer (SCNT), cell allocation and preimplantational development were determined in bovine SCNT embryos in the present study. Treatment of activated SCNT embryos with 10 ng/ml follistatin significantly increased the proportion of blastocyst development compared to untreated SCNT embryos. In addition, an increase in trophectoderm (TE) cell numbers and relatively higher proportion of TE cells to total cells were observed, but the number of inner cell mass (ICM) cell and total cell numbers were not changed (P < 0.05). No significant effect of other doses of follistatin was observed for the above endpoints. However, treatment with 1 and 10 ng/ml follistatin reduced the proportion of nuclear transfer blastocysts with an ICM ratio of > 60% relative to untreated nuclear transfer blastocysts at Day 7. No significant effect of follistatin treatment on proportions of nuclear transfer blastocysts with ICM ratio of 20-40% or 40-60% was observed. Taken together, these results suggested that follistatin can be used to increase developmental competence of SCNT embryos in terms of cell allocation, particularly TE cells, during preimplantation stages, subsequently enhancing placentation and birth of live offspring.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.247-257
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 이미지 분석 프로그램을 통해 액적 내 박테리아 세포의 개수를 측정하는 코딩-기반의 자동화된 세포 계수 방법을 제시하였다. 먼저, 형광 이미지 기반의 분석을 위하여, 형광단백질을 발현하는 균주를 담지한 액적을 형성하고 이를 광학 및 형광 현미경을 이용하여 분석 결과를 나타냈다. 액적의 관찰을 용이하게 위하여 유리 그리드에 도포하고, 촬영한 광학 이미지를 통해 분석하고자 하는 영역(Region of Interest)을 지정하였다. 동일한 위치에서 촬영한 형광 이미지에서 앞서 지정된 영역 속 특정 임계 값을 넘는 형광 신호를 계수하여 세포 수를 정량화 하였다. 또한 서로 다른 농도의 항생제를 처리한 액적 내 박테리아의 시간에 따른 세포 개수 변화의 차이를 추적하였다. 30분 간격으로 동일한 위치에서의 형광 이미지들을 동시에 분석함으로써 시간에 따른 세포 개수 변화를 도출하였고, 본 계수법의 성능을 실험적으로 검증하였다. 본 논문의 방법은 외부 분석 프로그램을 이용한 기존 방법 대비 분석 시간을 15배 가량 단축하고, 99%의 정확도를 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 더 나아가 사용자의 연구의 방향에 맞춰 제시된 코드의 확장 수정을 통해 다양한 종류의 세포 계수 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of transfer temperature of epididymis on survival rate of semen and development ability of B6D2F1 mice embryos. No significant differences were noted in the survival rate of semen ($59.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $47.6%{\pm}0.1$), in vitro fertilization rate ($90.7%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $90.7%{\pm}0.1$), developmental rate ($90.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $90.0%{\pm}0.1$), and blastocysts formation rate ($53.1%{\pm}0.2$ vs. $52.3%{\pm}0.2$) between groups. (NS; P>0.05). However, the zona hatched rate was significantly higher in the $4^{\circ}C$ group compared to those of the $37^{\circ}C$ group ($47.8%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $25.6%{\pm}0.2$; p<0.05). When it comes to cell numbers of blastocysts, the % ICM (/total cells) was significantly higher in the group of $4^{\circ}C$ compared to the $37^{\circ}C$ ($27.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $18.3%{\pm}0.1$; p<0.05). However there were no differences in total cell numbers ($72.7{\pm}31.6$ vs. $62.0{\pm}36.6$), ICM cell numbers ($17.0{\pm}7.8$ vs. $14.6{\pm}8.6$), TE cell numbers ($55.8{\pm}29.8$ vs. $64.0{\pm}24.4$), the ratio of ICM:TE ($1:4.2{\pm}4.1$ vs. $1:6.4{\pm}7.2$) between two groups (NS; P>0.05). Taken altogether, it is expected to achieve the best developmental ability of B6D2F1 mice embryos in the transfer temperature of epididymis. Also these results can provide fundamental data to maximize culture condition for in vitro fertilization on B6D2F1 mice. In future, therefore, it is expected that results herein might be applied for in vitro culture of human embryos.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.205-210
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• 2018

This study was performed to investigate the effect of types of oil (OVOIL vs. OIL) on B6D2F1 mice oogenesis. In this study, B6D2F1 F1 mice were used in order to maximize oogenesis. The expansion rate of cumulus cells ($82.0%{\pm}0.2$ vs. $78.0%{\pm}0.1$), in vitro fertilization rate ($92.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $88.0%{\pm}0.1$), developmental rate ($91.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $87.0%{\pm}0.2$), blastocysts formation rate ($56.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $57.0%{\pm}0.1$), and zona hatched rate($41.4%{\pm}0.2$ vs. $24.0%{\pm}0.1$) were not different between groups (NS; P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in maturation rate; the OVOIL group showed higher maturation rate compared to that of the OIL group ($96.0%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $87.0%{\pm}0.1$; P<0.05). In the blastocysts cell numbers, the total cell numbers ($83.9{\pm}26.1$ vs. $56.9{\pm}23.9$), ICM cell numbers ($15.7{\pm}8.8$ vs. $6.3{\pm}3.5$), TE cell numbers ($68.3{\pm}25.7$ vs. $50.7{\pm}24.1$), % ICM ($21.6%{\pm}0.1$ vs. $12.7%{\pm}0.1$), and the ratio of ICM:TE ($1:6.2{\pm}6.5$ vs. $1:10.3{\pm}7.0$) were significantly higher in the OVOIL group than the OIL group (P<0.05). These results suggested that it is expected to achieve the more developmental ability of B6D2F1 mice depending on the type of oil (OVOIL vs. OIL). In addition, the results can provide essential information for culture condition on B6D2F1 mice. Henceforth, thus, it is expected that these results herein might be used for in vitro culture of human embryos.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제6권
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• pp.158-167
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• 1998

Natural convection heat transfer in a rectangular enclosure is investigated numerically for low aspect ratio(height/width) cavities. Numerical results are obtained for aspect ratios between ${10}^{-2}$ and ${10}^0$, Rayleight numbers from ${10}^3$ to ${10}^7$ and Prandtl numbers from 10$^{-2}$ to 10$^3$. Results are compared with existing analytical and experimental results. A heat transfer correlation is developed to predict the mean Nusselt number as a function of the three governing dimensionless parameters: Rayleigh number, aspect ratio and Prandtl number.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.43-48
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• 1981

To carry out baseline studies on monitoring systems for red tides in Jinhae bay, measurements and analyses were made on seawater samples from 15 sampling stations during 15 months from July, 1979. Water quality parameters studied are temperature, pH, DO, salinity, COD, SS, NO$\sub$3/, NO$\sub$2/, PO$\sub$4/, SiO$\sub$2/, Ca, Mg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Chlorophyll ${\alpha}$, diatoms and dinoflagellates. Multiple regression analyses were undertaken with chlorophyll ${\alpha}$, cell numbers of diatoms and dinoflagellates as the dependent variables and water quality parameters as the independent variables. The results showed that biomass, expressed as total cell numbers of diatoms and dinoflagellates, was largely influenced by COD, salinity and nutrients.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.207-216
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• 1995

Flow and heat transfer characteristics of mixed convection heat transfer in a rectangular en-closure with various outlets are numerically investigated. The parameters considered here include Reynolds number, Grashof number and the position of outlet. The results show streamlines, isotherms, Nusselt numbers, velocity and temperature distributions. It has been shown that as Reynolds number increases, the size of cell decreases at Re$\leq$100 and increases at Re>100 for $Gr=10^4$. There is a minimum size of cells at Re=100, $Gr=10^4$. The maximum mean Nusselt number occurs at Re=400, $Gr=10^4$ and one right outlet. The mean Nusselt numbers can be formulated by the correlation equation $Nu=C{\cdot}Gr^a{\cdot}Re^b$.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.529-535
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• 2002

Efffcts of physico-chemical factors on the zonation and vertical distribution of benthic microalgal communities in the tidal flats of Youngkwang and Canaiin, Korea, were studied. Concentrations of nutrients were low throughout the study period. A 38 species of benthic microaigae was identified. Most of the algae were pennate diatoms with small size. Cell numbers at silty sediments were higher than sandy sediments, and showed high patchy distribution. Zonal distributions of benthic microalgae showed higher variation from silty sediment than sandy sediments. Benthic microalgae showed vertical migration within the upper few mm of sediment with periodicity closely related to tidal cycles. Maximum cells were observed from 0 mm depth both sandy and silty sediments. Cells of benthic microalgae in the 1 - 2 mm depth decreased after desiccation of sediments. The variation of cells was higher at sandy sediments than silty sediments. Cell numbers of benthic microalgae showed no positive relationships with pH and nutrinets except NH$_4$-N.