• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.353-357
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• 2019

A two-year-old spayed female Persian cat demonstrated weight loss, anorexia, and vomiting for one week. Hematologic findings suggested chronic renal failure. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed severe bilateral renomegaly with hypoechoic nodules and subcapsular hypoechoic rim. Fine needle aspiration of the kidney revealed malignant lymphoma. The cat received in-hospital treatment for chronic renal failure for seven days, followed by chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone). The cat tolerated chemotherapy well and chronic kidney disease was alleviated. However, complete remission was not achieved. After 93 days of treatment, the cat exhibited anisocoria and mental dullness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed hypertrophy and enhancement of cranial nerves. Chemotherapy was replaced with lomustine (10 mg orally), and two weeks later, cytosine arabinoside (50 mg/㎡ subcutaneously), twice daily for consecutive days. Five days after substitution chemotherapy, the patient showed anemia due to severe intestinal bleeding and died. Post-mortem examination and histopathologic analysis confirmed renal T-cell lymphoma with metastasis to the central nervous system, colon, and nasal cavity. Survival time was 117 days after the diagnosis of renal lymphoma.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2019

Tannic acid (TA) is a water-soluble polyphenol compound found in various herbal plants. We investigated the chemopreventive effects of TA on FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. In an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, TA showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 50 ?M. Cell cycle analysis and immunofluorescence imaging demonstrated that under low-dose ($25{\mu}M$) treatment, FaDu cells were arrested in G2/M phase, and as the dose of TA was increased, apoptosis was induced with the increase of cell population at sub-G1 phase. The expressions of various cyclins, including cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK-1 and CDK-2), were down-regulated at low doses of TA, whereas apoptotic effectors such as cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were expressed in a dose-dependent manner in Western blotting. In addition, TA-induced apoptosis of FaDu cells might be mediated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, with the upregulation of p-AKT/p-PKB (phosphorylated protein kinase B) and p-ERK. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that TA is a potential candidate agent for the treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.36-47
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• 2019

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 ($HIF-1{\alpha}$) is a transcription factor activated in response to low oxygen level, and is highly expressed in many solid tumors. Moreover, $HIF-1{\alpha}$ is a representative biomarker of hypoxia and also helps to maintain cell homeostasis under hypoxic condition. Most solid tumors show hypoxia, which induces poor prognosis and resistance to conventional cancer therapies. Thus, early diagnosis of hypoxia with positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer would be highly beneficial for management of malignant solid tumors with effective cancer therapy. YC-1 is a most promising candidate among several $HIF-1{\alpha}$ inhibitors. As an effort to develop a hypoxia imaging tool as a PET radiotracer, we designed and synthesized [$^{18}F$]DFYC based on potent derivative of YC-1 and performed preliminary in vitro cell uptake study. [$^{18}F$]DFYC showed a significant accumulation in SKBR-3 cells among other cancer cells, proving as a good lead to develop a hypoxic solid tumor such as breast cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.394-396
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• 2021

Additional pathological tests using imaging equipment are essential before diagnosing cancer cells. Recently, in order to reduce the need for time and human resources in these fields, research related to the establishment of a system capable of automatic classification of cancer cells using artificial intelligence is being actively conducted. However, in both previous studies, there were relatively limited deep learning algorithms and cell types, and limitations existed with low accuracy at the same time. In this study, a method of performing 4class Classification on four types of cancer cells through the Convolution Neral Network, a type of in-depth learning. EfficientNet, ResNet, and Inception were used, and finally Resnet was used to obtain an accuracy of 96.11 on average for k-fold.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.5
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• pp.1176-1180
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• 2023

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare soft tissue tumor, originating from neural or perineural cells. We present a case of axillary GCT in a 69-year-old woman with breast cancer history and discuss the various radiologic findings. US revealed a circumscribed oval heterogeneous iso- and hyperechoic mass in the left axilla. Chest CT showed a well-defined, oval, and mildly enhancing mass in the left axilla on the lateral aspect of the pectoralis muscle. A final diagnosis of GCT was made through US-guided core needle biopsy. Follow-up US showed no significant changes in the axillary GCT. Familiarity with GCT may facilitate early diagnosis and subsequent management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.472-476
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• 2023

Nasal bone involvement of Langerhans cell histiocytosis is rarely reported. Here we present a case of a 13-year-old boy with a palpable nasal mass. Ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic mass on the left side of the nose. Both CT scanning and MRI showed an osteolytic mass. The lesion seen on MRI was well-defined mass with homogeneous enhancement. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of LCH.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2000

Purpose : This study was aimed to evaluate the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction after irradiation and epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment in three human epithelial tumor cell lines (A431, Siha, KB). Materials and Methods: Single irradiation of 2, 5 and 10 Gy was done on three cell lines with 5.38 Gy/min dose rate using Cs-137 irradiator at room temperature. Also, EGF of 10 ng/ml was added immediately after 10 Gy irradiation. Cell growth was evaluated by counting the living cell number using a hemocytometer at 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days after irradiation. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction were assayed with the flow cytometry at 8 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days after irradiation. Results : Growth of irradiated three cell lines were inhibited in proportion to radiation dose. EGF treatment after irradiation showed various results according to cell lines. On all cell lines, G2 arrest was detected after 8 hours and maximized after 12 hours or 1 day. Amount of G2 arrest was positively dose dependent. However, EGF showed no significant change on G2 arrest. G2 arrest was recovered with time at 2 Gy and 5 Gy irradiation. However, at 10 Gy irradiation, G2 arrest was continued. Apoptosis was detected at 10 Gy irradiation. On EGF treated group after irradiation, A431 and Siha cell lines showed slightly increased apoptosis but there was no statistically significant difference. KB cell line showed no marked change of apoptosis induction. Conclusion : Irradiation effects on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in three human epithelial tumor cell lines, however epidermal growth factor doesn't effect on.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2765-2769
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• 2013

Background: A close association between patterns identified by magnifying narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) and histological type has been described. M-NBI patterns were also recently reported to be related to the mucin phenotype; however, detials remain unclear. Materials and Methods: We investigated the cellular differentiation of gastric cancer lesions, along with their mucosal distribution observed by M-NBI. Ninety-seven depressed-type early gastric cancer lesions (74 differentiated and 23 undifferentiated adenocarcinomas) were visualized by M-NBI. Findings were divided into 4 patterns based on abnormal microvascular architecture: a chain loop pattern (CLP), a fine network pattern (FNP), a corkscrew pattern (CSP), and an unclassified pattern. Mucin phenotypes were judged as gastric (G-type), intestinal (I-type), mixed gastric and intestinal (M-type), and null (N-type) based on 4 markers (MAC5AC, MUC6, MUC2, and CD10). The relationship of each pattern of microvascular architecture with organoid differentiation indicated by cancer cell differentiation and its distribution in each histological type of early gastric cancer was investigated. Results: All CLP and FNP lesions were differentiated. The cancer cell distribution showed organoid differentiation in 84.2% (16/19) and 61.1% (22/36) of the two types of lesions, respectively, and there was a significant difference from the unclassified pattern with organoid differentiation (p<0.001). Almost all (94.7%; 18/19) CSP lesions were undifferentiated, and organoid differentiation was observed in 72.2% (13/18). There was a significant difference from the unclassified pattern with organoid differentiation (p<0.05). Conclusions: Cellular differentiation and distribution are associated with microvascular architecture observed by M-NBI.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.391-398
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• 2010

Objective : This study was designed to validate the cell trafficking efficiency of the in vivo bioluminescence image (BLI) study in the setting of transplantation of the luciferase expressing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), which were delivered at each different time after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in a mouse model. Methods : Transplanting donor BMSC were prepared by primary cell culture from transgenic mouse expressing luciferase (LUC). Transient focal infarcts were induced in 4-6-week-old male nude mice. The experiment mice were divided into five groups by the time of MSC transplantation : 1) sham-operation group, 2) 2-h group, 3) 1-day group, 4) 3-day group, and 5) 1-week group. BLI for detection of spatial distribution of transplanted MSC was performed by detecting emitted photons. Migration of the transplanted cells to the infarcted area was confirmed by histological examinations. Differences between groups were evaluated by paired t-test. Results : A focal spot of bioluminescence was observed at the injection site on the next day after transplantation by Signal intensity of bioluminescence. After 4 weeks, the mean signal intensities of 2-h, 1-day, 3-day, and 1-week group were $2.6{\times}10^7{\pm}7.4{\times}10^6$. $6.1{\times}10^6{\pm}1.2{\times}10^6$, $1.7{\times}10^6{\pm}4.4{\times}10^5$, and $8.9{\times}10^6{\pm}9.5{\times}10^5$, respectively. The 2-h group showed significantly higher signal intensity (p<0.01). The engrafted BMSC showed around the infarct border zones on immunohistochemical examination. The counts of LUC-positive cells revealed the highest number in the 2-h group, in agreement with the results of BLI experiments (p<0.01). Conclusion : In this study, the results suggested that the transplanted BMSC migrated to the infarct border zone in BLI study and the higher signal intensity of LUC-positive cells seen in 2 hrs after MSC transplantation in MCAO mouse model. In addition, noninvasive imaging in real time is an ideal method for tracking stem cell transplantation. This method can be widely applied to various research fields of cell transplantation therapy.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.218-226
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• 2012

Dopamine is an enteric neurotransmitter that regulates gastrointestinal motility. This study was done to investigate whether dopamine modulates spontaneous pacemaker activity in cultured interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) from mouse using whole cell patch clamp technique, RT-PCR and live $Ca^{2+}$ imaging analysis. ICCs generate pacemaker inward currents at a holding potential of -70 mV and generate pacemaker potentials in current-clamp mode. Dopamine did not change the frequency and amplitude of pacemaker activity in small intestinal ICCs. On the contrary dopamine reduced the frequency and amplitude of pacemaker activity in large intestinal ICCs. RT-PCR analysis revealed that Dopamine2 and 4-receptors are expressed in c-Kit positive ICCs. Dopamine2 and 4 receptor agonists inhibited pacemaker activity in large intestinal ICCs mimicked those of dopamine. Domperidone, dopamine2 receptor antagonist, increased the frequency of pacemaker activity of large intestinal ICCs. In $Ca^{2+}$-imaging, dopamine inhibited spontaneous intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ oscillations of ICCs. These results suggest that dopamine can regulate gastrointestinal motility through modulating pacemaker activity of large intestinal ICCs and dopamine effects on ICCs are mediated by dopamine2 receptor and intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ modulation.