• 대한약침학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.390-395
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• 2022

Objectives: Sweet bee venom (sBV) is purified from Apis mellifera, containing a high level of melittin-its main component. It has been used as a therapeutic agent for pain relief and anti-inflammation, as well as for treating neuronal abnormalities. Recently, there have been studies on the therapeutic application of sBV for anticancer treatment. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacological effect of sBV treatment in A549 human lung cancer cells. Methods: We used microscopic analysis to observe the morphological changes in A549 cells after sBV treatment. The MTT assay was used to examine the cytotoxic effect after dose-dependent sBV treatment. Molecular changes in sBV were evaluated by the expression of apoptosis marker proteins using western blot analysis. Results: Microscopic analysis suggested that the growth inhibitory effect occurred in a dose-dependent manner; however, cell lysis occurred at a concentration over 20 ㎍/mL of sBV. The MTT assay indicated that sBV treatment exhibited a growth inhibitory effect at a concentration over 5 ㎍/mL. On fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis, G0 dead cells were observed after G1 arrest at treatment concentrations up to 10 ㎍/mL. However, rapid cell rupture was observed at a concentration of 20 ㎍/mL. Western blot analysis demonstrated that sBV treatment modulated the expression of multiple cell death-related proteins, including cleaved-PARP, cleaved-caspase 9, p53, Bcl2, and Bax. Conclusion: sBV induced cell death in A549 human lung cancer cells at a pharmacological concentration, albeit causing hemolytic cell death at a high concentration.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 1982

A model of induction of neoplasia by viruses has develpoed from experimental studies in animals and in cultured cells and oncogenic transformation of cells is the result of integration of viral genetic information into the cellular DNA. The evidence for these associations was derived primarily from seroepidemiologic investigation. However, data indicating that the relation between HSV-2 and cervical cancer fits the model derived from experimental animal studies are not yet sufficient to draw conclusion with regard to the etiologic role the virus in the development of the neoplasms. In other hand, the K562 tumor cell is highly susceptible target for natural killer cell lysis by the lymphocytes of human and murine periperal blood. The characteristics of this effector cell type has been investigated. A study on natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity(NKMC) against $^{51}Cr$-K562 as target cell was studed in HSV-2 infected ICR mouse. We have studied for susceptibility of HSV-2 against mouse embryo fibroblast(MEF) cells and NKMC from HSV-2 infected mouse. The results obtained that the mouse embryo fibroblast cells culture, the number and size of the cells were markedly increased and formed a monolayers relatively rapid, and become complete monolayer sheet around 72 hrs. Duration of cytopathic effect on MEF cells was rapid by serial passing of HSV-2. The morphology of the HSV-2 infected cells appear to be mainly round, ovium, spindle form and some of them was forming large giant cells. The NKMC was decrease in mouse with HSV-2 and comparison between effector/target cells ratio as 25:1 and 50:1 respectively, the NKMC was found to be more significantly decreased than normal control we have concluded that the natural killer cell activity of the viral infected mouse was shown as a suppressed during the HSV-2 infection, day 7th and 14th.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1654-1663
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• 2018

Finding a safe and broad-spectrum medication is a goal of scientists, pharmacists, and physicians, but developing and fabricating the right medicine can be challenging. The current study describes the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Fusarium mangiferae. It involves the antibiofilm activity of the nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus. It also involves cytotoxic effect against mammalian cell lines. Well-dispersed nanoparticles are formed by F. mangiferae. The sizes of the nanoparticles were found to range from 25 to 52 nm, and UV-Vis scan showed absorption around 416-420 nm. SEM, TEM, and AFM results displayed spherical and oval shapes. Furthermore, the FTIR histogram detected amide I and amide II compounds responsible for the stability of AgNPs in an aqueous solution. AgNPs were observed to decrease the formation of biofilm at 75% (v/v). DNA reducing, smearing, and perhaps fragmentation were noticed after treating the bacterial cells with 50% (v/v). Additionally, cell lysis was detected releasing proteins in the supernatant. It was also observed that the AgNPs have the ability to cause 59% cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) deaths at 25% (v/v), however, they showed about 31% toxicity against rat embryo fibroblast transformed cell lines (REF). The results of this study prove the efficiency of AgNPs as an antibiofilm against S. aureus, suggesting that AgNPs could be an alternative to antibiotics. It must also be emphasized that AgNPs displayed cytotoxic behavior against mammalian cell lines. Further studies are needed for assessing risk in relation to the possible benefit of prescribing AgNPs.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.289-296
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• 1985

본 연구는 유산간균 및 유산구균으로부터 plasmid DNA를 신속하고 간편하게 분리하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다. 세포벽 형성 억제 인자인 glycine을 0.5% 첨가한 TCM 배지에서 유산균을 배양하였고 plasmid DNA는 mutanolysin을 처리한 cells로부터 alkaline-detergent lysis 법으로 분리되었다. 유산간균은 효소 처리 때 mutanolysin의 농도를 30$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$로 하고 37$^{\circ}C$에서 5-10분간 반응되었을 때 plasmid DNA가 아주 잘 추출되었다. 유산구균의 경우는 그 최적 조건이 조금 달랐다. 본 방법은 L. casei, L. acidophilus, L. helveticus, S. lactis, S. faecalis, S. faecium과 S. cremoris 균주로부터 plasmid DNA를 신속하게 분리하는데 사용할 수 있었다. 본 방법을 이용하여 배양액 $1.5m\ell$로부터 분리된 plasmidsDNA가 gel상에서 쉽게 확인될 수 있었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2015

Titanium barrier membranes are prepared to investigate the effect of surface-treatments, such as machining, electropolishing, anodizing, and electropolishing + TiN coating, on the biocompatibility and physical properties of the membranes. The surface roughness (Ra) of the membrane decreases from machining ($0.37{\pm}0.09{\mu}m$), TiN coating ($0.22{\pm}0.09{\mu}m$), electropolishing ($0.20{\pm}0.03{\mu}m$), to anodizing ($0.15{\pm}0.03{\mu}m$). The highest ductility (24.50 %) is observed for the electropolished Ti membrane. No evidence of causing cell lysis or toxicity is found for the membranes regardless of the surface-treatments. Cell adhesion results of L-929 and MG-63 show that the machined Ti membrane exhibits the highest cell adhesion while the electropolished membrane is the best membrane for the L-929 cell proliferation after 7 days. However, no appreciable difference in MG-63 cell proliferation among variously surface-treated membranes is detected, suggesting that the electropolished Ti membrane is likely to be the best membrane due to the synergic combination of tailored flexibility and excellent fibroblast proliferation.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 1999

Biopolymer를 생산하는 Bacillus속의 균주개량의 목적으로 biopolymer를 생산하는 균주인 Bacillus subtilis K-1과 유당 이용능이 있는 Bacillus coagulans의 원형질체 형성과 재생에 관하여 조사하였다. 영양요구성과 항생제 내성의 marker가 부여된 두 변이주의 원형질체 형성조건에서 Bacillus subtilis mutant SM-2의 경우, 대수기 중기에 penicillin G(1.0 unit/ml)를 첨가한 다음 1.5시간 반응 후 삼투압 안정제로서 0.4 M sucrose와 $25\;{\mu}g/ml$의 lysozyme이 함유된 lysis fluid(LF, pH 7.0)내에서 $37^{\circ}$, 40분간 반응시켰을 때, 원형질체 형성율은 99.6%, 세포벽 재생율 2.4%였다. Bacillus coagulans mutant CM-12의 경우 대수기 중기에 penicillin G 0.3 unit/ml와 glycine 0.5%를 혼합첨가하고 1시간 반응시킨 후 삼투압 안정제로서 0.6 M lactose와 $300\;{\mu}g/ml$의 lysozyme이 함유된 LF(pH 7.0)내에서 $37^{\circ}$, 30분간 재생시켰을 때, 원형질체 형성율 90.8%, 세포벽 재생율 2.2%였다. 세포벽 재생효율을 높이기 위한 재생배지는 trypticase soy broth(TSB)에 0.4 M sucrose, 0.7% casamino acd, 1% PVP, 25 mM $CaCI_2$, 25 mM $MgCI_2$, 1.5% agar가 함유된 배지에 0.4% soft agar로서 중층 했을 때 Bacillus subtilis SM-2의 재생율은 5.1%, Bacillus coagulans CM-12의 재생율은 10.3%로 $2{\sim}4$배 가량 향상 되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.327-335
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• 1993

The active sites, intracellular transport, function of cellulase in association with the disintegration of the storage materials of the endosperm cells during seed maturation and after-ripening of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer seeds were studied by electron microscopy. Cytochemical activities of the cellulase occurred in protein bodies and vesicles of endosperm cells in seed with red seed coat. In after-ripening seed, the activities were strongly found in the cell wall of endosperm near the umbiliform layer and on neighbouring vesicles, so it is assumed that these cells begin to be decomposed. Cellulase activities were initiated before the decomposition of storage materials. But, no activity was observed in the umbiliform layer, so it is suggested that cellulase lose its activity after the completion of lysis process.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1991

Saprolegnia diclina, which was the pathogen causing death in snake fishes(Channa argus) at culture farm, was investigated using scanning electron microscope. It was found that Saprolegnia diclina infection caused snake fishes to fail gas change in the gills. Cell lysis as well as edematous disease and hyperplasia as a result of Saprolegnea diclina attachment on the surface of gills were observed. The granules, the mean diameters of which ranged from 6 to $7\;{\mu}m$, attaching on the surface of gills were found to be secondary zoospores of Saprolegnia diclina. The failures of gas exchange in the gill cells and circulation as a result of the osmotic dilution of the blood were supposed to be the main cause of death.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1984-1989
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• 2006

Deacetylated chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) had effective antiprotozoal activity against Trichomonas vaginalis (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration, MIC 0.25%), whereas 80% acetylated cas showed no antiprotozoal activity (MIC > 1 %). an the other hand, 80% acetylated cas showed growth stimulatory activity against the protozoa. When T. vaginalis was treated with 98% deacetylated COS at 0.25% concentration, the viability of the protozoa was rapidly decreased within 15 min, and the protozoa completely died within 40 min. Ultrastructural changes of trichomonads treated with COS included a loss of defined nuclear membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membranes, an increase in the number of free ribosome, vacuolation, and ultimately lysis of the cell membrane. These results indicate that deacetylated COS can be used as an antitrichomonal agent, although its lethal mechanism is not known.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1973

The effects of morphine HCl on the mesenteric mast cells were studied the electron microscopy. The results of the observations are as follows: 1. In the experimental group for intravenous injection of morphine HCl 12 mg/kg, the granules appeared cluster, granular lysis and an electron transparent appearance. Frequently, some granules appeared in the extracellular space. 2. In the experimental group for intravenous injection of morphine HCl 24 mg / kg, it was observed. that the formation of a clear halo or a space around each granule. Many altered granules showing a reticular texture (type 2) are observed in the cytoplasm. 3. From the results mentioned above, it is suggested that rat mesenteric mast cell' granules were affected by morphine HCl.