• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.215-218
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• 2008

고형암에서의 종양용해증후군은 드물지만 발생하면 높은 사망률을 보이는 치명적인 합병증으로 외국에서는 지금까지 약 50여명의 증례가 보고되어 왔다. 우리 나라에서도 종종 발생한다고 알려져 있지만 실제로 뒷받침 할만한 증례를 찾아 보기가 힘든 실정이었다. 이에 저자들은 소세포폐암에서 항암화학요법 도중 발생한 치명적 종양 용해증후군 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.250-254
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• 2009

Contamination of microcystins, a family of heptapeptide hepatotoxins, in eutrophic water bodies is a worldwide problem. Due to their poisoning effects on animals and humans, there is a requirement to characterize and quantify all microcystins present in a sample. As microcystins are, for most part, intracellular toxins produced by some genera of cyanobacteria, lysing cyanobacterial cells to release all microcystins is considered an important step. To date, although many cell lysis methods have been used, little work has been conducted comparing the results of those different methods. In this study, various methods for cell lysis and toxin extraction from the cell lysates were investigated, including sonication, bead beating, freeze/thaw, lyophilization and lysing with TritonX-100 surfactant. It was found that lyophilization, followed by extraction with 75% methanol, was the most effective for extracting toxins from Microcystis aeruginosa cells. Another important step prior to the analysis is removing impurities and concentrating the target analyte. For these purposes, a C18 Sep-Pak solid phase extraction cartridge was used, with the percentage of the eluent methanol also evaluated. As a result, methanol percentages higher than 75% appeared to be the best eluting solvent in terms of microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) recovery efficiency for the further chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of symptom distress and natural killer cell cytotoxicity in breast cancer patients who had been radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy after surgery. Symptom distress measured by modified Lee's(1994) physical symptom questionnaire. For measuring the natural killer cell cytotoxic activity. 8ml to 10ml blood was collected from the subjects. Mononuclear cell was isolated by centrifuge of the blood and cultured by putting $Cr^{51}$, and reacted with target cell, K562 cell. Amount of $Cr^{51}$ was measured, and %lysis was calculated. The results were as follows. 1) Symptom distress score was 42.18, which is moderate symptom distress. 2) Natural killer cell cytotoxic activities were 42.18%lysis(effector : target cell ratio=100 : 1) and 28.05%lysis(effector : target cell ratio=50 : 1). 3) Correlation coefficients of symptom distress and natural killer cell cytotoxic activity were $-.134{\sim}-.461$. Though significant correlation was not found between total score of symptom distress and natural killer cell cytotoxic activity, 3('pain' 'feel hot on radiation site' and 'difficulty in breathing') of 19 symptom distress items and natural killer cell cytotoxic activity showed significant negative correlation(p<.05). These findings suggest that 1) breast cancer patients who had been radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy after surgery have moderate symptom distress and decreased natural killer cell cytotoxic activity. 2) The symptom distress was not related to natural killer cell cytotoxic activity.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.72-84
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• 1994

치즈의 숙성 전과정을 잘 설명하여 줄 수 있는 수학식을 만들었다. X(0)와 $e_2$(0) 및 $k_1$값들을 증가시킴으로써 숙성과정을 촉진시킬 수 있었고 낮은 $k_2$값과 높은 $a_2$값을 가지는 신 균주의 탐색도 필요도하다는 것을 알았다. 그러나, 치즈 숙성과정 중 나쁜 치즈맛의 생산을 피하기 위하여서는 낮은 단백질 분해요소 활동도를 갖는 균주가 절대적으로 필요하다. 따라서 이 제안된 수학적 모델식은 치즈덩어리 내에서 일어나는 효소반응들을 잘 묘사하고 있으며, 궁극적으로는 값싸고 질 좋은 치즈를 생산하는데 유용할 것이다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.150-165
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate bacteriocin activity against human flora. Lactobiocin, a bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus sp. HY 449, inhibited the growth of Starphylococcus epidermidis, Starphylococcus aureus, Streptoccoccus pyogenes and Propionibacterium acnes. When crude bacteriocin was added to indicator cells during logarithmic growth, the optical density(O.D 650nm) of cells without bacteriocin increase after 5h of incubation. Whereas in the presence of bacteriocin, the O.D of cell suspensions decreased. The similar patterns were observed for absorbance readings at 280 nm and 260 nm. The release of cellular components when cell were treated with Lactobiocin suggests some degree of membrane damage or cell lysis. Scanning electron microscopy of cells following treatments with Lactobiocin in PBS buffer revealed disruptures of cell morphology. These results indicate that bacteriocin appears to cause cell lysis of tested strains. In cytotoxicity on human fibroblast, LD$\_$50/ of Lactobiocin was ca. 50 mg/ml and no change was observed cell proliferation at the same concentration. Any irritation and allergic reaction did not observed when evaluated by human patch test for Lactobiocin.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.331-337
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• 2000

The variation of microorganisms (activated slude, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aureobasidium pullulans) caused by the biosorption of $Pb^{2+}$ was observed by TEM and microscope. By the TEM observation of S. cerevisiae, the plasmolysis and lysis of cell wall or cell membrane were occurred by the penetration of $Pb^{2+}$ into the inner cellular region. However, in the case of A. pullulans, the plasmolysis and lysis of cell wall or cell membrane were not occurred because of the prevention of $Pb^{2+}$ penetration by the extracelluar polymeric substances (EPS). A flocculation of microorganisms, in the case of A. pullulans, was observed by the $Pb^{2+}$ accumulation after 3~4 h and the color was changed from white to black after 1 day. The flocculation of activated sludge was improved by the accumulation $Pb^{2+}$ after 1 h, however, the floc was broken up and the settling efficiency decreased after 1 day.

• BMB Reports
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.443-450
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• 1995

Cloned staphylococcal peptidoglycan hydrolase was used in determining the physiological characteristics of peptidoglycan hydrolase. This enzyme hydrolyzed the bacterial cell walls and released the N-terminal alanine, but not the reducing groups. This cloned gene product was localized in the cytoplasm of transformed Escherichia coli. Activity gels indicated the enzyme had an Mr of about 54,000, which was consistent with the deduced Mr from sequencing of the cloned gene. The activity bound to CM-cellulose but not DEAE-cellulose resin, indicating it as a basic protein. Enhanced enzyme activity in a low concentration of cations, and inhibited enzyme activity in a solution with dissolved phospholipids, suggested that the activity and the availability of this basic protein may be regulated between negatively charged and positively charged cellular molecules. The activity against boiled crude cell wall was much greater than against purifed cell wall, suggesting protein associated with crude cell wall may aid in the binding of the peptidoglycan hydrolase The cloned peptidoglycan hydrolase showed positive activity on whole cells of some lysostaphin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. The cloned enzyme may be an alternative for lysostaphin for lysis of staphylococci.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1999

효모세포의 원형질체 최적형성을 위한 stabilizer의 종류 및 농도, pH 그리고 lysis 방법을 조사하는 한편, intact cell과 protoplast사이의 효소활성도 및 poly-P 생합성율을 비교하였다. 그 결과 protoplast 형성에 있어 snail gut enzyme은 5시간, drisielase는 3시간 정도의 incubation 시간이 필요했으며, stabilizer로는 0.8 M mannitol, 6 M KCl이 좋았다. Protoplast는 intact cell에 비해 ALPase 활성은 22-27%, ACPase는 4-15% 정도 감소하였으며, poly-P 형성은 protoplast에서 유의한 증가가 일어나지 않았다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.575-581
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• 1995

Plasmid pTTY2에 의한 competent cell(P90c/$\phi$ 434)의 형질전환에 의하여 lipase를 생성하는 재조합 대장균(P90c/따434/pTTY2)을 합성하였다. Li pase 활성 조사를 위한 LAT plate, Rhodamine B plate를 이용한 실험에서 P90c/$\phi$434의 경우 halo 형성이 없었고, P90c/$\phi$434/pTTY2의 경우 용해시 켜 얻은 상등액과 용해되지 않은 미생물을 물리적으 로 깨 서 얻은 상등액 모두 halo를 형성하였다. P90c/$\phi$434/pTTY2에 대한 IPTG 유도시점, 유도 시간이 $\phi$434에 의한 미생물 용해에 미치는 영향을 살펴 봄으로써 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 재조합 대장균의 효과적인 용해는 ODGOO 0.5 ~ 2 2.5인 초기 exponential growth phase에서 IPTG 로 유도한 후, mitomycin C 첨가나 uv조사에 의 해 이루어진다. 2. 재조합 대장균의 용해는 IPTG 유도시간이 1 시간일 때 가장 효과적이었으며, 이후 유도시간이 증가할수록 감소하여 유도시간이 4시간일 때는 세포 용해가 이루어지지 않는다. 3. 실험한 범위에서 uv조사보다 mitomycin C 첨가가 세포 용해에 더 효과적이다. 본 연구결과가 대규모의 생물공학 생산물의 정제 에 응용되기 위해서는 고농도 세포에서의 세포용해 에 대한 연구가 펼요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1162-1168
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• 2007

Although widely used as a host for recombinant protein production, Escherichia coli is unsuitable for massive screening of recombinant clones, owing to its poor secretion of proteins. A vector system containing T4 holin and T7 lysozyme genes under the control of the ptsG promoter derivative that is inducible in the absence of glucose was developed for programmed cell lysis of E. coli. Because E. coli harboring the vector grows well in the presence of glucose, but is lysed upon glucose exhaustion, the activity of the foreign gene expressed in E. coli can be monitored easily without an additional step for cell disruption after the foreign gene is expressed sufficiently with an appropriate concentration of glucose. The effectiveness of the vector was demonstrated by efficient screening of the amylase gene from a Bacillus subtilis genomic library. This vector system is expected to provide a more efficient and economic screening of bioactive products from DNA libraries in large quantities.