• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 1999년도 학술발표회 진행표 및 논문초록
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• pp.61-62
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• 1999

;The mechanisms inducing hypertension are actively investigated and are still challenging topics. Basically hypertension must be caused by the disorder of $Ca^{2+}$ metabolism in vascular smooth muscle, such as the increase of $Ca^{2+}$ influx, the decrease of ci+ efflux, or the change of sensitivity of contractile protein etc. The one of cause of the increase of ci+ influx may be the change of ci+ channel activity. Even though the relationships of ci+ channel activity and hypertension were studied using various hypertension models, still it is not clear how much change of $Ca^{2+}$ channel activity in diabetes mellitus (DM) induced hypertension is occurred. We induced DM hypertension in SD rat and compared the $Ca^{2+}$ channel activity with age-matched normotensive SD rat. For inducing DM hypertension, left kidney was removed with 200 gm rat and, after 1 month, 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin was injected into peritoneal space to induce diabetes mellitus. Usually after 4-6 weeks, hypertension was fully induced. For isolating vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), we used mesenteric arteriole (3rd - 4th branch of mesenteric artery) of which diameter is below 150 urn. VSMCs were isolated enzymatically. $Ca^{2+}$ current was measured using whole cell patch clamp technique. All experiments were performed at $37^{\circ}C$. The cell membrane area of VSMC of DM hypertensive rat is larger than that of control VSMC($36.6{\pm}3.64{\;}pF{\;}vs{\;}22.4{\pm}1.29{\;}pF, {\;}mean{\pm}S.E.$) When we compared the current amplitude, the $Ca^{2+}$ current amplitude in VSMC of DM hypertensive rat is much larger than that in VSMC of normotensive age-matched rat. After $Ca^{2+}$ current amplitude was normalized by cell membrane area, the current amplitude in DM hypertension is increased to $249.1{\pm}15.9{\;}%{\;}(mean{\pm}S.E.M)$, which means the ;absolute current amplitude is about 4 times larger in DM hypertension. When we compared the steady state activation and inactivation. there were no noticeable differences. From these results. one of cause of the DM hypertension is due to the increase of $Ca^{2+}$ current amplitude. But it need further study why the $Ca^{2+}$ current is so large in VSMC of DM hypertension and how much $Ca^{2+}$ influx through $Ca^{2+}$ channel contribute to the increase of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ and eventually contribute to development of hypertension.ypertension.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.592-602
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• 2020

본 연구는 한국인 심혈관질환 발생에 기여하는 위험인자들의 기여도를 평가해보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 2005년~2013년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하였으며 30세~74세 대상자 중 심혈관질환 기왕력이 없고, 6개 위험인자 관련 응답이 모두 존재하는 20,012명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 자료 분석은 SAS 9.3으로 수행하였으며 가중치를 적용한 복합표본설계분석을 수행하였고 기여도는 준부분상관제곱분석(squared semi-partial correlation)을 적용하여 구하였다. 연구결과, 남성은 연령(63.9%), 흡연(17.3%), 수축기 혈압(7.9%), 당뇨병(6.9%), 고혈압 치료약물 복용(3.0%), 체질량지수(0.9%) 순이었으며, 반면 여성은 연령(54.1%), 수축기 혈압(23.5%), 당뇨병(13.6%), 고혈압 치료약물 복용(5.1%), 흡연(3.1%), 체질량지수(0.6%) 순이었다. 심혈관질환 발생 위험인자 중에서 연령이 남녀 모두에게 기여도가 가장 높았다. 연령대별 분석결과는 남성은 흡연(51.8~33.7%)이 전 연령대에서 가장 높은 위험인자였으며, 그 다음으로 30대는 연령(26.6%), 40대 이상은 수축기 혈압(17.3%~21.0%) 이었다. 여성은 수축기 혈압(56.2~40.5%)이 전 연령대에서 가장 높았으며 그 다음으로 30대는 연령(24.0%), 40대 이상은 당뇨병(13.6%~32.6%)이었다. 소득수준별로는 기여도에 큰 차이가 없었다. 본 연구결과 향후 심혈관질환 예방을 위해서는 어떤 위험인자를 중점 관리해야 하는지 확인할 수 있었다. 심혈관질환 발생 예방을 위해서는 위험인자의 기여도가 반영된 심혈관질환 예방·관리 프로그램이 개발되어야 하며, 본 연구결과에서 보여준 결과가 기초자료로 활용되기를 제안한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

Objective : The case fatality rate of nonlesional intracerebral hemorrhage (n-ICH) was high and not changed. Knowing the causes is important to their prevention; however, the reasons have not been studied. The aims of this study were to determine the cause of death, to improve the clinical outcomes. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed consecutive cases of nonlesional intracerebral hemorrhage in a prospective stroke registry from January 2010 to December 2010. Results : Among 174 patients ($61.83{\pm}13.36$, 28-90 years), 29 patients (16.7%) died during hospitalization. Most common cause of death was initial neurological damage (41.4%, 12/29). Seventeen patients who survived the initial damage may then develop various potentially fatal complications. Except for death due to the initial neurological sequelae, death associated with immobilization (such as pneumonia or thromboembolic complication) was the most common in eight cases (8/17, 47.1%). However, death due to early rebleeding was not common and occurred in only 2 cases (2/17, 11.8%). Age, initial Glasgow Coma Scale, and diabetes mellitus were statistically significant factors influencing mortality (p<0.05). Conclusion : Mortality of n-ICH is still high. Initial neurological damage is the most important factor; however, non-neurological medical complications are a large part of case fatality. Most cases of death of patients who survived from the first bleeding were due to complications of immobilization. These findings have implications for clinical practice and planning of clinical trials. In addition, future conduct of a randomized study will be necessary in order to evaluate the benefits of early mobilization for prevention of immobilization related complications.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate safety of postpartum herbal medicine by assessing the effect of taking herbal medicine of postpartum period on liver function. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 167 mothers who underwent liver function tests (LFT) within 3 months before and after childbirth among mothers who gave birth at ○○ Hospital between January 1, 2016 and May 31, 2018. Mothers with abnormally elevated LFT during pregnancy were excluded. Among 167 women, 6 women are herbal-medicine-group took herbal medicine for 5-6 weeks during postpartum period, and 161 patients are general -group who did not take herbal medicine. LFT Variation of Subjects before and after childbirth were compared between the two groups. And subjects who had elevated liver levels above the normal range after delivery were classified separately, the characteristics and causes of changes in liver levels were analyzed, and the presence or absence of drug-induced liver damage was confirmed. Results: Among a total of 167 subjects, there were 5 women in the herbal-medicine-group and 150 women in the general-group who had changes in liver values within the normal range after childbirth. Aspartate transaminase (AST) change before and after childbirth in the herbal-medicine-group was 3.40±1.82, and AST change in the general-group was 2.92±8.59, showing no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.901). Increase of Alanine transaminase (ALT) before and after childbirth in the herbal-medicine-group was 5.60±3.65, and ALT change in the general-group was 8.01±11.81, showing no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.651). There were 12 subjects who had elevated AST, ALT above the normal range after delivery, including 1 in the herbal-medicine-group and 11 in the normal mothers group. Valuation of 1 Subject of the herbal-medicine-group before and after delivery was 17 IU/L of AST and 52 IU/L of ALT. Because results of AST, ALT is under the standard to diagnose to liver damage, she was observed without any treatment. However the cause of AST, ALT elevation was not found in the chart, she was receiving treatment for diabetes and hyperlipidemia. The general-group had an average increase of AST 35.64±22.67 IU/L and ALT 53.00±26.80 IU/L. As a result of analyzing the cause, there were direct causes such as autoimmune hepatitis, chronic hepatitis B, and acute pyelonephritis. Abnormal elevations in liver levels were also found in mothers with hypothyroidism, diabetes, and fever of unknown cause, although they were not direct causes. Conclusions: To investigate the safety of taking herbal medicines, we assess the variation in AST and ALT within 3 months before and after delivery in the herbal-medicine-group and general-group. There was no significant difference between two groups.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2022

Traditionally, Asian ginseng or Korean ginseng, Panax ginseng has long been used in Korea and China to treat various diseases. The main active components of Panax ginseng is ginsenoside, which is known to have various pharmacological treatment effects such as antioxidant, vascular easing, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, and anticancer. Most reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause chronic diseases such as myocardial symptoms and cause fatal oxidative damage to cell membrane lipids and proteins. Therefore, many studies that inhibit the production of oxidative stress have been conducted in various fields of physiology, pathophysiology, medicine and health, and disease. Recently, ginseng or ginsenosides have been known to act as antioxidants in vitro and in vivo results, which have a beneficial effect on preventing cardiovascular disease. The current review aims to provide mechanisms and inform precious information on the effects of ginseng and ginsenosides on the prevention of oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in animals and clinical trials.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2021

Physiological agents trigger a signaling process called "inside-out signaling" and activated platelets promote adhesion, granule release, and conformational changes of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (αIIb/β₃). Activated αIIb/β₃ interacts with fibrinogen and initiates a second signaling step called "external signaling". These two signaling pathways can cause hemostasis or thrombosis, and thrombosis is a possible medical problem in arterial and venous vessels, and platelet-mediated thrombosis is a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, modulating platelet activity is important for platelet-mediated thrombosis and cardiovascular disease. Esculetin is a coumarin-based physiologically active 6,7-dihydroxy derivative known to have pharmacological activity against obesity, diabetes, renal failure and CVD. Although some studies have confirmed the effects of esculetin in human platelet activation and experimental mouse models, it is not clear how esculetin has antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. We confirmed the effect and mechanism of action of escultein on human platelets induced by collagen. As a result, esculetin decreased Ca²⁺ recruitment through upregulation of inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor. In addition, esculetin upregulates cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent pathways and inhibits fibrinogen binding and thrombus contraction. Our results demonstrate the antiplatelet effect and antithrombotic effect of esculetin in human platelets. Therefore, we suggest that esculetin could be a potential phytochemical for the prevention of thrombus-mediated CVD.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권3호
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• pp.296-303
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• 2017

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is related to high mortality and morbidity. There are no proven therapeutic measures however, to improve the clinical course of ARDS, except using low tidal volume ventilation. Metformin is known to have pleiotropic effects including anti-inflammatory activity. We hypothesized that pre-admission metformin might alter the progress of ARDS among intensive care unit (ICU) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study from January 1, 2005, to April 30, 2005 of patients who were admitted to the medical ICU at Seoul National University Hospital because of ARDS, and reviewed ARDS patients with DM. Metformin use was defined as prescribed within 3-month pre-admission. Results: Of 558 patients diagnosed with ARDS, 128 (23.3%) patients had diabetes and 33 patients were treated with metformin monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic medications. Demographic characteristics, cause of ARDS, and comorbid conditions (except chronic kidney disease) were not different between metformin users and nonusers. Several severity indexes of ARDS were similar in both groups. The 30-day mortality was 42.42% in metformin users and 55.32% in metformin nonusers. On multivariable regression analysis, use of metformin was not significantly related to a reduced 30-day mortality (adjusted ${\beta}-coefficient$, -0.19; 95% confidence interval, -1.76 to 1.39; p=0.816). Propensity score-matched analyses showed similar results. Conclusion: Pre-admission metformin use was not associated with reduced 30-day mortality among ARDS patients with DM in our medical ICU.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.110-115
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• 1999

저자들은 호흡곤란과 다음, 다뇨로 내원한 23세 남자에서 임상소견, 흉부 X-선 검사, 고해상도 흉부단층 촬영, 수분제한검사, 개흉 폐생검으로 확진된 흔치 않은 중추성 요붕증을 통반한 원발성 폐 조직구증 X를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Okchun-hwan on Diabetes Mellitus. We searched articles from Oasis and Chinese Academic Journals(CAJ) online databases. Searching keywords were '玉泉丸', '옥천환'. Among the articles published from January 2000 to September 2016, The 79 articles were found. After review the title, abstract and original, The five articles were selected finally to rule out a completely different prescriptions and an animal test articles. Okchun-hwan is effective in improving the symptoms(dry mouth and throat, fatigue, eat easy to hunger, shortness of breath, sweating, palpitation, cardiac heat, insomnia, and tongue)of a patient with deficiency of both qi and yin diagnosis(氣陰兩虛證) on Diabetes Mellitus, as well as act on protection of endothelial cells and regulation of insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance that cause the diabetic chronic vascular complications.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.60-62
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• 2011

Primary laryngeal aspergillosis is rare, It is most often found in immunocompromised patient, such as leukemia, malignant disease, diabetes or immunosuppressive drugs. These days the occurrences of laryngeal aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients are increasing. The cause of laryngeal aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients is not clear, but a few factors are considered such as iatrogenic factors, vocal abuse, vocal fold cyst and occupational factors. The histopathologic characteristics are somewhat different between that of immunocompromised patients and immunocompetent patients. We report a case of primary vocal cord aspergillosis in immunocompetent patient who had treated with only surgery and brief review of the pertinent literature.