• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2017

Paraproteinemia is caused by a proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells or B lymphocytes. Approximately 10% of idiopathic neuropathies are associated with paraproteinemia, where a certain paraprotein acts like an antibody targeted at constituents of myelin or axolemma in peripheral nerves. The relationship between paraproteinemia and peripheral neuropathy remains unclear despite this being of interest for a long time. Neurologists frequently find paraproteinemia during laboratory examinations of patients presenting with peripheral neuropathy, especially in the elderly. The possibility of a relationship with paraproteinemia should be considered in cases without an explainable cause. We review the causal association between paraproteinemia and neuropathy as well as clinical, laboratory, and electrophysiologic features, and the treatment options for paraproteinemic neuropathy.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.107-120
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• 2005

Three types of socio-moral transgression events were used to test the moral emotions and attributions of 30 juvenile offenders on probation with a comparison group of 30 non-offenders. Data were analyzed by chi-square. Differences between juvenile offenders on probation and non-offenders were that juvenile offenders expected victimizers would feel happier and less guilty following such acts of victimization as physical harm, theft, and lying than the comparison group. Non-offenders were more likely than offenders to feel that victims would feel angry and upset. Juvenile offenders gave more variable and less adaptive emotional responses. Offenders provided victimization and emotional distance attributions, but the comparison group provided moral attributions or causal-dependent attributions such as fairness and justice.

• 아동학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2001

Data for this short-term longitudinal study were collected at 4 month intervals. Subjects were 423 children attending grades 4, 5, and 6 in Pusan and their mothers. Results showed that casual models of risk and protective factors differed by sex and types of behavior problems. For boys, mother's psychological problems, children's self-control, and their self-esteem directly influenced externalizing behavior problems while mother's psychological problems and children's perceived control parenting indirectly influenced externalizing behavior problems by way of self-esteem. Mother's psychological problems and boys' self-esteem directly influenced internalizing behavior problems. Girls' externalizing behavior problems were influenced directly mother's psychological problems, children's negative emotionality, and peer acceptance. Mother's psychological problems and girls' perceived support from teachers influenced internalizing behavior problems directly. Based on these results the authors proposed an intervention program against children's behavior problems.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.239-252
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• 2008

This study was to explore the causal relationship among teacher efficacy, teachers' approaches to instruction, and students' achievement goal orientation. Among the 278 6th grade students (average age: 12 years) who completed a self-report questionnaire during the second term, 230 (102 boys, 128 girls) returned the completed questionnaire (overall response rate : 82.7%). Measures of teacher efficacy, teachers' approaches to instruction, and students' achievement goal orientation were based on students' perceptions. Structural equation modeling tested relationships among the variables. Findings were that teacher efficacy influenced both students' achievement goal orientation and teachers' approaches to instruction. Teacher efficacy positively influenced teachers' mastery approach to instruction and students' mastery and performance approach goal orientations, whereas teacher efficacy negatively influenced teachers' performance approach to instruction.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.183-210
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• 2009

This study investigated the degrees of knowledge management processes according to the levels of social capital(i.e., inter-departmental communication, trust, cooperation and integration) as well as information technology(IT) infrastructure(i.e., knowledge storage and transfer IT, and knowledge search IT) in Korean manufacturing firms. We also demonstrated the differences in organizational performance under various degrees of knowledge management processes. Through cluster analysis with social capital variables, we classified sample firms into five groups; 'the highest firms', 'higher firms', 'middle firms', 'lower firms', and 'the lowest firms'. It was also observed that the degrees of knowledge management processes and organizational performance in 'the highest firms' is the highest. With a structural equation modeling technique, the causal relationships among social capital, IT infrastructure, knowledge management processes, and organizational performance were confirmed. Hence, it is concluded that social capital and IT infrastructure have direct effects on knowledge management processes, and indirectly influence organizational performance through the degrees of knowledge management processes.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.73-95
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• 2007

Causal relationships of kindergarteners' phonological awareness and processing to their ability to read words was investigated with the participation of 289 4- to 6-year-old children attending three kindergartens in Busan. Results showed gradual growth in reading ability with age. Children performed best in reading words and poorest in reading low frequency letters. They showed continuous development in skills of syllable deletion, phoneme substitution, phoneme insertion, phonological memory and naming. Discontinuous development was found in counting syllables. Longer syllables were difficult to count, and middle syllables of 3 syllable words were hard to delete. Children had poor perception of final consonants of Consonant-Vowel-Consonant syllables. Children's phonological awareness and processing were latent variables strongly related to ability to read words written in Hangul.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2008

This study used Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) to test causal relationships among perceived social supports, self-control, and subjective well-being in a sample of 325 5th and 6th grade elementary school children. Correlations of observed variables showed statistically significant among perceived social support, self-control, and subjective well-being. The goodness-of-fit of the hypothetical structural model in the study, perceived social support having direct effects on self-control and subjective well-being, and self-control, retaining the influence of perceived social support, having effects on subjective well-being-showed fairly acceptable levels. The results revealed that perceived social supports increase children's subjective well-being, and these supports also increase children's self-control, which indirectly influences children's subjective well-being.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2013

There is a growing evidence that gastroesophageal reflux disease is related to several upper gastrointestinal cancers, mainly the esophageal adenocarcinoma and a certain type of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Currently, the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease is rapidly increasing in Korea. Therefore, there is a possibility of such increasing cancerous incidents, similar to the western worlds. In this article, the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and several upper gastrointestinal cancers, the components of refluxate which has possible causal relationship with carcinogenesis, and the clinical implications of such relationship in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease patients are discussed through the review of literature.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

This study establishes a simple Causal Map in order to understand the structure of Social Network Services(SNS). From this, the paper proposes a simulation with drawing Simulation Model and it examines whether a Dunbar Number is available for the emergence of collective intelligence based on an on-line network. Through my analytical research, it turn out both Closed SNS and Open SNS have their own Dunbar Number. However, it appear that Open SNS can expand infinitely as it has a unique property namely weak tie. This implies that it is significant for a system or policy to be developed in order to overcome the problem of Dunbar Number, whereas restricting the extension of a network by considering the Dunbar Number would have a negative impact on emergence of collective intelligence.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.609-622
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• 2011

The pattern of methylation draws significant attention from cancer researchers because it is believed that DNA methylation and gene expression have a causal relationship. As the interest in the role of methylation patterns in cancer studies (especially drug resistant cancers) increases, many studies have been done investigating the association between gene expression and methylation. However, a model-based approach is still in urgent need. We developed a finite mixture model in the Bayesian framework to find a possible relationship between gene expression and methylation. For inference, we employ Expectation-Maximization(EM) algorithm to deal with latent (unobserved) variable, producing estimates of parameters in the model. Then we validated our model through simulation study and then applied the method to real data: wild type and hydroxytamoxifen(OHT) resistant MCF7 breast cancer cell lines.