• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 1998

Al alloy anode is mostly used for protecting marine structures such as pier steel piles and ship's body. Recently it has been reported that the life of Al alloy anode has been shortened significantly than the original design life. It is suggested that the suspected reasons for this problem mentioned above seems to be the improper protection design of alloy of anode on sea water regardless of environmental facotrs such as flow rate, temperature, contamination degree etc. However there is few paper about to the sea water contamination degree affecting to the life of Al alloy anode. In this study, the property of Al alloy anode was investigated as a parameter of sea water contamination degree such as variation of pH 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and each sea port's contaminated waters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.96-103
• /
• 1998

Lead-acid battery is being most widely used with secondary battery because of its low price, and long life cycles. But According to using for a long time, its voltage, capacity, and recovery ability is decreased gradually. Therefore there are many papers about improving the property of a lead-acid battery. One of them is to slow down sulfation due to formation of inner PbSO sub(4) by adding inhibitor to electrolyte, however it was not well known what is inhibitor's composition and its role acting on both cathodic and anodic electrode because of its know-how of every country and companies. The purpose of this paper is to study about improvement of property of lead-acid battery by adding one of the inhibitor to H sub(2) SO sub(4) electrolyte.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.224-234
• /
• 1999

An attempt was made to characterize the relationship between pretreatment processes, electrolysis conditions and behaviors of the plated gold layer. In order to investigate the effect of pretreatment processes on plating, rest potential measurements of various pretreated stainless steels and a.c.-impedance spectroscopy tests were carried out in the strike plating solution. Characteristics of plated gold layers and adhesions between plated gold layers and stainless steel substrates were examined by scratching tests and micro-Vickers hardness tests. The result shows that the strike plating enhanced the adhesion of interface, the cathodic electro-activation pretreatment process improving both corrosion resistance and adhesion strength. The preferred orientations of plated gold layers were examined by the X-ray diffraction technique. As the current density increases, [111] preferred orientation of plated gold layers was found to become well developed.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.363-365
• /
• 1999

The improved method comprises electrochemically deposition of nickel hydroxide into the sintered nickel plaque cathode from nickel aqueous electrolyte at acid pH in a treating zone containing an anode. The electrochemical impregnation was examined under various conditions. Deposition condition of fine active material was obtained from the impregnation of a high temperature and also high current density. This method also could be decreased swelling and buckling of the plaque. A nickel electrode prepared by electrochemical impregnation is useful as the positive in nickel-cadmium cells. The utilization of the active material indicated almost 100% based on a one electron charge.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.309-318
• /
• 2000

The 6063 Aluminium alloy were electrocolored and anodized at the same time in addition of $CoSO_4$, $FeSO_4$, in the electrolyte and investigated by AES/SAM. It was found that the thickness of anodic oxide film is increased linearly in DC type, and DC combined AC type, the more ratio of anodic Portion in AC, the more increased of anodic film thickness. The color of anodic film was changed from silver to yellow when the increase of the ratio of cathodic portion in AC. Also the increase of $CoSO_4$, $FeSO_4$ in the electrolyte, the coloring time is decreased. From the AES/SAM results, the element of anodic oxide film are Al,O and S. The result of depth profile, the most of the S distributed on the surface and the more S is in DC combined AC type than only DC type.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.168-168
• /
• 2009

핸드폰, 노트북과 같이 최신경량 전자재료로 만들어지는 전자제품의 수요가 급증함에 따라 반도체 배선의 폭이 점점 작아지고, 이로 인해 프린팅공정을 이용한 미세 배선기술이 활발히 개발되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 미세배선에 높은 전기전도도를 부여하기 위하여 전기도금을 실시하였으며, 균일한 도금층을 얻기 위하여 첨가제에 따른 분극거동을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 양극 및 음극 형상에 따른 구리의 성장 거동을 시뮬레이션을 통하여 분석하였다. 균일한 증착을 위해서는 첨가제의 역할도 중요하지만 양극과 음극의 형상에 따라서도 구리성장 거동에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.47 no.5
• /
• pp.252-256
• /
• 2014

The TiAlCrSiN film was deposited on the WC-20%TiC-10%Co carbide, and its oxidation behavior was examined at $700-1000^{\circ}C$. It displayed relatively good oxidation resistance owing to the formation of $TiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, $Cr_2O_3$, and $SiO_2$ up to $900^{\circ}C$. However, at $1000^{\circ}C$, the fast oxidation rate and partial oxidation of WC in the substrate led to the formation of the thick, fragile oxide scale.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.353-353
• /
• 2012

음극방식법은 가혹한 해수 환경에 노출된 항만 및 해양구조물 등의 부식을 방지함에 있어 매우 유용한 방식법이다. 여기서는 이러한 음극방식 응용 원리에 의해 무한한 자원인 해수를 이용하여 환경 친화적인 코팅막 제작-시도를 하였다. 즉, 본 연구에서는 해수 환경 중 선박 및 해양구조물 등에 주로 사용되는 강재를 기판으로 하여 양극 조건 및 인가 전류밀도를 달리하여 코팅막을 제작하였으며, 조건에 따라 제작된 코팅막을 SEM, EDS, XRD를 통해 조성원소 및 결정구조를 분석하였다. 또한 밀착성 및 내식성 평가를 통해 실용 코팅막으로써의 한계를 보완한 코팅막 제작 프로세스의 기초 설계 지침을 제시하고자 하였다.

• Coupled systems mechanics
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.75-96
• /
• 2017

As electron donor/acceptor materials for organic photovoltaic cells, small-molecules donors/acceptor are attracting more and more attention. In this work, we investigated the electronic structures, electrochemical properties, and charge carrier transport properties of four recently-synthesized small-molecule donors/acceptor, namely, DPDCPB (A), DPDCTB (B), DTDCPB (A1), and DTDCTB (B1), by a series of ab initio calculations. The calculations look into the electronic structure of singly oxidized and reduced molecules, the first anodic and cathodic potentials, and the electrochemical gaps. Results of our calculations were in accord with those from experiments. Using Marcus theory, we also computed the reorganization energies of hole/electron hoppings, as well as hole/electron transfer integrals of multiple possible molecular dimer configurations. Our calculations indicated that the electron/hole transport properties are very sensitive to the relative separations/orientations between neighboring molecules. Due to high reorganization energies for electron hopping, the hole mobilities in the molecular crystals are at least an order of magnitude higher than the electron mobilities.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.15 no.11
• /
• pp.945-949
• /
• 1994

Mixtures of cyano complexes of palladium(II) and platinum(II) were separated by capillary electrophoresis using a fused silica capillary as a separation column and 30 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7) containing 15 wt. % acetonitrile as a running buffer. By virtue of the high ionic mobilities of the negatively charged cyano complexes of Pd(II) and Pt(II), they were separated using a cathodic injection and anodic detection scheme. The metal complexes eluted through the capillary were detected by direct UV absorption at 214 nm. A linear relationship between peak area and concentration was obtained for both ions and the detection limit was lower than $10^{-14}$ mole. The proposed method was applied to real sample, e.g., anode slime obtained from an electrolytic copper refinary, as a method for the simultaneous determination of palladium and platinum.