• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1143-1157
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• 2004

이 연구의 목적은 STS에 대해서 우리 나라 고등학생들이 가지는 견해를 알아보기 위한 평가 도구인 HS-VOSTS(Korean Students' Views on STS)를 개발하는 것이다. HS-VOSTS 문항을 개발하기 위해서 다음과 같은 연구과정을 수행하였다. 우선, 문헌과 선행 연구 고찰을 통해 4가지 범주의 10가지 하위 범주와 관련하여 23개의 논제를 포함하는 STS 범주 체계를 설정하였다. STS 범주 체계는 정의 과학의 외적 사회학 과학의 내적 사회학 인식론의 네 가지의 커다란 범주로 구성되어 있다. 다음은 STS 범주 체계를 기초로 4단계에 걸쳐 문항을 개발하였다. 1단계에서는 각 논제에 대한 짝진술문을 기초로 학생진술 문항지를 작성하여 772명의 고등학생들(16.3세)에게 투입하였다. 2단계에서는 짝진술문 중 하나를 제거하여 문항의 진술문으로하고, 분류된 공통견해를 답지로 하여 1차 다지선다형 문항지를 구성하였다. 3단계에서는 고등학생 28명(16.5세)을 대상으로 반구조화 면담을 실시하여 그 결과 분석을 통해 2차 다지선다형 문항지를 구성하였다. 4단계에서는 2차 다지선다형 문항지를 고등학생 306명에게 적용하여 낮은 반응비율을 보인 답지들을 제거하여 최종 검사도구를 완성하였다. HS-VOSTS는 학생들의 STS에 대한 신념 및 견해를 알아볼 수 있는 유용한 도구로서, 그 결과는 교사뿐만 아니라 교육과정 개발자, 교과서 저자, 교육정책 입안자들에게 많은 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것이라 생각한다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.1-25
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among infants' nonverbal communication, maternal verbal behaviors and the infants' acquisition of vocabulary. The subjects were 93 pairs of 10 to 18 months old infants and their mothers residing in the Seoul and GyeongGi-Do area. The results were as follows : (1) In terms of the infants' nonverbal communicative means, it appeared that the group of 16~18 month olds utilized more gesture and vocalization. As regards the infants' nonverbal communicative functions in terms of social behavior and joint attention, the group of 16~18 month olds was found to perform more of the behaviors from this category than the other groups. There was a significant difference in the maternal verbal behavior among the different age groups. (2) Among the infants' nonverbal communicative means, gesture and vocalization, there appeared to be a significant relationship between vocalization and the infants' acquisition of vocabulary. In addition, there was an important relationship between the high usage of infants' nonverbal communicative functions with behavior regulation and the high usage of joint attention and the successful acquisition of vocabulary among infants. (3) Social play, which is a maternal verbal behavior categorized as one of the strategies for getting infants' attention, was significantly related to the acquisition of infants' vocabulary. (4) When mothers used more imitating sounds and mimetic words, requests for information, descriptions, conventional social expressions, and imitation to enhance responsiveness, infants were found to have acquired a larger vocabulary.

• 대한간호
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.54-68
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• 1991

This study was conducted to provide the basic information for nursing intervention in infant teach. ing and feeding situation. The subjects were 30 pairs of mother and her infant(9 month) who were normally delivered at 3 university hospital in Seoul area. The data collection was conducted by observation using videotaperecord from September 27, 1989 to Feburary 26, 1990 in their home. The measulsement tools used by this researcher were Nursing child Assessment Teaching scale (NCATS) and Nursing child Assessment Feeding Scale(NCAFS) which was developed by Barnard. The higher sum of "yes" score means the higher mother-infant interaction level. Mother-Infant interaction behaviors in both sitution were based on 6 subcategories; sensitivity to cue, response to distress, social-emotional growth fostering, cognitive growth 'fostering, clarity of + cues, and responsiveness to parent. The data collected through above method were analyzed by mean and t-test and the results were as follows. 1. The sum of maternal behavior score was 40.2 out of 50.0 in teaching situation and 37.9 out of 50.0 in feeding situation. Out of the 4 subcategories on maternal behavior in both situation, the highest subcategory was shown by response to infant's distress and the lowest subcategory by cegnitive growth fostering. 2. The sum of infant behavior score was 14.7 out of 23 in teaching situation and 17.9 out of 26 in feeding situation. Out of the 2 categories on infant behavior in both situation, the highest sub categroy was shown by the clarity of infant's cue in both situation. 3. There was a statistical significance between father's educational level and mother-infant interaction in teaching situation; college group was higher than high school group, particulary in category of sensitivity to infant's cue and congnitive growth fostering. 4. There was a statistical significance in teaching situation between mother's educational level and mother-infant interaction;college group was higher than high school group, particulary sensitivity to infant cue, social-emotional growth fostering and cognitive fostering. 5. There was no statistical difference in between parent educational level and mother.infant interaction in feeding situation.situation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.531-539
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• 2013

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korea has been increasing in adults, as well as in adolescents. Recently the prevalence of MetS in children has been reported to strongly link that of MetS in parents. Families are known to share similar food environment so that eating habits of parents closely resemble that of the children's. Therefore, the aim of this study to examine metabolic risk factors and dietary intake in children by with respect to mother's metabolic syndrome, based on the data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007-2010. Using the household variable and the eldest child per household, 1,341 pairs of mothers and children were selected. The mothers were defined by MetS criteria, and then the children were classified into the following three groups in accordance to the mothers' MetS; children whose mothers had none, 1-2, and 3 or more components of MetS. All dietary data were evaluated using the data from a food frequency questionnaire. The mean age was $42.6{\pm}4.2$ years for the mothers, and $14.9{\pm}2.0$ years for the children. Children whose mothers had 3 or more components of MetS showed a significantly higher prevalence of overweight and higher level of fasting triglyceride; conversely, they showed a lower level of serum HDL-cholesterol compared to the other two groups. Regarding an agreement of food consumption between the mothers and children, most food groups showed high agreement, except in the category of beverages. Regarding the dietary habits and family meals, children whose mothers had 3 or more components of MetS were more likely to skip breakfast and less likely to have family meals at breakfast or snack. In conclusion, the children's metabolic risk factors and dietary factors were different with respect to the status of mothers' MetS. Further studies are necessary to examine the causal effect of family environment in children's health status.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2022

Background: We compared the safety and effectiveness of robotic anatomical resection and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the records of 4,283 patients, in whom an attempt was made to perform minimally invasive anatomical resection for lung cancer at Seoul National University Hospital from January 2011 to July 2020. Of these patients, 138 underwent robotic surgery and 4,145 underwent VATS. Perioperative outcomes were compared after propensity score matching including age, sex, height, weight, pulmonary function, smoking status, performance status, comorbidities, type of resection, combined bronchoplasty/angioplasty, tumor size, clinical T/N category, histology, and neoadjuvant treatment. Results: In total, 137 well-balanced pairs were obtained. There were no cases of 30-day mortality in the entire cohort. Conversion to thoracotomy was required more frequently in the VATS group (VATS 6.6% vs. robotic 0.7%, p=0.008). The complete resection rate (VATS 97.8% vs. robotic 98.5%, p=1.000) and postoperative complication rate (VATS 17.5% vs. robotic 19.0%, p=0.874) were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The robotic group showed a slightly shorter hospital stay (VATS 5.8±3.9 days vs. robotic 5.0±3.6 days, p=0.052). N2 nodal upstaging (cN0/pN2) was more common in the robotic group than the VATS group, but without statistical significance (VATS 4% vs. robotic 12%, p=0.077). Conclusion: Robotic anatomical resection in lung cancer showed comparable early outcomes when compared to VATS. In particular, robotic resection presented a lower conversion-to-thoracotomy rate. Furthermore, a robotic approach might improve lymph node harvesting in the N2 station.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

Major deficiencies of current automation scheme including various robots for bioproduction include the lack of task adaptability and real time processing, low job performance for diverse tasks, and the lack of robustness of take results, high system cost, failure of the credit from the operator, and so on. This paper proposed a scheme that could solve the current limitation of task abilities of conventional computer controlled automatic system. The proposed scheme is the man-machine hybrid automation via tele-operation which can handle various bioproduction processes. And it was classified into two categories. One category was the efficient task sharing between operator and CCM(computer controlled machine). The other was the efficient interface between operator and CCM. To realize the proposed concept, task of the object identification and extraction of 3D coordinate of an object was selected. 3D coordinate information was obtained from camera calibration using camera as a measurement device. Two stereo images were obtained by moving a camera certain distance in horizontal direction normal to focal axis and by acquiring two images at different locations. Transformation matrix for camera calibration was obtained via least square error approach using specified 6 known pairs of data points in 2D image and 3D world space. 3D world coordinate was obtained from two sets of image pixel coordinates of both camera images with calibrated transformation matrix. As an interface system between operator and CCM, a touch pad screen mounted on the monitor and remotely captured imaging system were used. Object indication was done by the operator’s finger touch to the captured image using the touch pad screen. A certain size of local image processing area was specified after the touch was made. And image processing was performed with the specified local area to extract desired features of the object. An MS Windows based interface software was developed using Visual C++6.0. The software was developed with four modules such as remote image acquisiton module, task command module, local image processing module and 3D coordinate extraction module. Proposed scheme shoed the feasibility of real time processing, robust and precise object identification, and adaptability of various job and environments though selected sample tasks.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2018

Objective: To compare adverse event reporting patterns between ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs from community pharmacies and outpatient settings. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study using the adverse event reporting database, wherein data were collected from the regional pharmacovigilance centers of the Korean Pharmaceutical Association between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. The reported drugs were classified into either ethical-the-counter or over-the-counter drugs, and we compared the distribution of patient age and gender, frequent adverse events and medications, serious adverse events, and causality assessment results, where causality assessments were performed according to the World Health Organization-The Uppsala Monitoring Centre's system. Results: We included 17,570 reports (75,451 drug-adverse event pairs). Ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs accounted for 81.4% and 18.6% of the total adverse event reports, respectively. The use of over-the-counter drugs was higher in females and patients aged <18 years, whereas the use of ethical-the-counter drugs was higher in those aged >65 years. Alimentary tract and metabolism drugs, and respiratory system drugs were the most frequent ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs, respectively. From causality assessment results, "possible" (75.4%) was the most commonly assigned category for ethical-the-counter drugs, while "possible" (44.0%) and "unlikely" (47.7%) were the most common categories for over-the-counter drugs. The distribution of serious adverse events were similar for both ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs. Conclusion: Differences were observed in age, gender, reported medications, and symptoms for both ethical-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs. Further pharmacovigilance activities considering the adverse event characteristics of over-the-counter drugs, which are comparable to ethical-the-counter drugs, should be performed.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제15B권4호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2008

단백질의 세포 내 위치를 인식하는 것은 생물학 현상의 기술에 있어서 필수적이다. 생물학 문서의 양이 늘어남에 따라, 단백질의 세포 내 위치 정보를 문서 내용으로부터 얻기 위한 연구들이 많이 이루어졌다. 기존의 논문들은 문장의 구문 정보를 이용하여 정보를 얻고자 하였으며, 언어학적 정보가 단백질의 세포 내 위치를 인식하는 데 유용하다고 주장하고 있다. 그러나, 이전의 시스템들은 구문 정보를 얻기 위해 부분 구문분석기만을 사용하였고 재현율이 좋지 못했다. 그러므로 단백질의 세포 내 위치 정보를 얻기 위해 전체 구문분석기를 사용할 필요가 있다. 또한, 더 많은 언어학적 정보를 위해 의미 정보 또한 사용이 가능하다. 단백질의 세포 내 위치 정보를 인식하는 성능을 향상시키기 위하여, 본 논문은 전체 구문분석기와 어휘망(WordNet)을 기반으로 한 방법을 제안한다. 첫 번째 단계에서, 각 단백질 단어로부터 그 단백질의 위치후보에까지 이르는 구문 의존 경로를 구축한다. 두 번째 단계에서, 구문의존 경로의 루트 정보를 추출한다. 마지막으로, 단백질 부분트리와 위치 부분트리의 구문-의미 패턴을 추출한다. 구문 의존 경로의 루트와 부분트리로부터 구문태그와 구문방향을 구문 정보로서 추출하고, 각 노드 단어의 의미태그를 의미 정보로서 추출한다. 의미태그로는 어휘망의 동의어 집합(synset)을 사용한다. 학습데이터에서 추출한 루트 정보와 부분트리의 구문-의미 패턴에 따라서, 실험데이터에서 (단백질, 위치) 쌍들을 추출했다. 어떤 생물학적 지식 없이, 본 논문의 방법은 메드라인(Medline) 요약 데이터를 사용한 실험 결과에서 학습데이터에 대해 74.53%의 조화평균(F-measure), 실험데이터에 대해서는 58.90%의 조화평균을 보였다. 이 실험은 기존의 방법들보다 12-25%의 성능향상을 보였다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.45-69
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• 2016

최근에 빅 데이터를 활용하여 감성을 측정하는 시도가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 통신 매체와 SNS의 발달로 기업은 국민의 감성을 파악하고 즉시 대응해야할 필요성이 생겼다. 우리나라의 경제는 대기업에 대한 의존도가 높기 때문에 10대 기업에 대한 감성분석은 의미가 있다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 다 범주를 기준으로 구축한 감성사전을 활용하여 우리나라 10대 기업에 대한 감성을 분석하였다. 빅 데이터를 이용하여 감성을 분석한 기존의 선행연구는 감성을 차원으로 분류하는 경향이 있다. 차원적 감성으로 감성을 분류하는 것은 분류의 기준이 학술적으로 증명되었기에 감성 분석에 주로 사용되어 왔지만 전문가 정도의 지식이 있어야 분류할 수 있어 보편적인 감성을 대변하는 데 비효과적이기에 보완이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 개별 범주적 감성은 이 점을 보완할 수 있는 분류 방식으로 일정 수준의 주관성이 개입되지만 보편적으로 느낄 수 있는 감성을 측정하는데 효과적이다. 따라서 본 연구는 보편적인 감성의 측정을 위해 감성을 차원으로 분류하지 않고 개별 범주로 분류하여 9가지 영역으로 나누었다. 선행 연구에서 추출한 9가지 범주에 해당하는 감성 단어에 기초하여 감성사전을 구축하였으며 감성 단어가 검출된 빈도를 기준으로 감성을 분석했다. 대상 데이터는 2014년 1월부터 2016년 1월까지 우리나라 10대 기업에 대하여 축적된 뉴스 데이터이다. 대상 데이터에서 검출된 감성 단어의 빈도를 기준으로 각 기업에 대한 감성 순위를 나누고 분포를 확인하였다. 기업에 따라서 감성이 다를 수 있는지, 특정 사건이 각 기업에 대한 감성에 영향을 줄 수 있는지 가설을 세우고 검정하였다. 결론적으로, 다 범주 감성 사전을 활용한 감성 분석은 기업 간 비교와 시점 간 비교에 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 빅 데이터에 산재해있는 감성을 국민의 시각으로 측정하는 하나의 대안으로서 의의가 있다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2011

In an attempt to cope with widespread, dynamic, and accelerating changes in both internal and external business environments, companies often utilize information technologies such as SCM(Supply Chain Management). To date, SCM research has mainly focused on the effects of dynamic factors on SCM success and emphasized adoption strategies and critical success factors. Consequently, the effects of more static factors such as interdependency between SCM partners have been largely ignored. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine the effects of both dynamic and static factors on SCM performance by controlling for information quality and partnership quality. The five factors examined in this study include innovative ness, mutual dependency, quality of information, partnership quality, and SCM performance. All factors were examined from the perspective of part suppliers, except the mutual dependency which was examined from two aspects: supplier's dependency on customer and customer's dependency on supplier. Data was collected through five hundred survey questionnaires distributed to the part supplier companies that have implemented SCM systems for at least one year. As a result, a total of 170 valid responses were obtained. A structural equation research model was fitted using SAS 9.1.3 and SMART-PLS 2.0. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, innovativeness positively affected SCM information quality. SCM partnership quality, and ultimately SCM performance. The path coefficient between innovativeness and information quality was 0.387, with a t-value of 3.528. Innovativeness also had a positively direct effect on partnership quality. The path coefficient was 0.351 with a t-value of 3.366. The total effect of innovativeness on partnership quality was significant, although its indirect effect on partnership quality by altering information quality was negligible. The total indirect effect of innovativeness on SCM performance by affecting information quality and partnership quality was significant with a p-value of 0.014. Innovativeness played an important role in determining SCM performance. Second, mutual dependency showed no significant effect on SCM information quality. This result contradicts the earlier assertion that the more dependent two companies are, the more accurate and timely the information they exchange ought to be. This study showed that this may not be the case; a partner may provide information of poor quality even when it is strongly dependent on the other. Mutual dependency showed significant effect on partnership quality. However, when the mutual dependency perceived by suppliers was divided into two parts, one being a supplier's dependency on its customer company and the other being a customer's dependency on the supplier, the latter showed a significant impact on the perceived SCM partnership quality. This result indicates that a customer company can hardly improve the partnership quality perceived by suppliers by making them more dependent. It improves only when the suppliers perceive that their partners, typically having more bargaining power, are more dependent on them. The overall effect of mutual dependency of any kind on SCM performance, however, was not significant. Although mutual dependency has been mentioned as an important static factor influencing almost every aspect of cooperation on a supply chain, its influences may not be as significant as it was initially perceived to be. Third, the correlation between information quality and partnership quality was 0.448 with a p-value of less than 0.001. Information quality had a path coefficient of 0.256 to partnership quality with a t-value of 2.940. The quality of information exchanged between partners may have an impact on their partnership quality. Fourth, information quality also had a significant impact on SCM performance with a path coefficient of 0.325 with a t-value of 3.611. In this study, SCM performance was divided into four categories: product quality, cost saving, service quality, and order fulfillment. Information quality has Significant impacts on product quality, cost saving and service quality, but not on order fulfillment. Fifth, partnership quality, as expected, had a significant impact on SCM performance. The path coefficient was 0.403 with a t-value of 3.539. Partnership quality, like information quality, had positive impacts on product quality, cost saving and service quality, but showed no impact on order fulfillment. It seemed that order fulfillment is the hardest category of performance that SCM can satisfy. One major limitation of this study is that it surveyed only the suppliers. To better understand the dual aspects of SCM, it is important to survey both suppliers and the assemblers, especially in pairs. This research, to our best knowledge, was the first attempt to study the level of dependency between the two groups by measuring the dual aspects of SCM and studying mutual dependency from the categories of suppliers and assemblers each.. In the future, a more comprehensive and precise measurement of SCM characteristics needs to be achieved by examining from both the supplier's and assembler's perspectives.