• 대한지리학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.429-446
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• 2009

본 연구는 일본 시가현(자하현(滋賀懸)) 기류(동생(桐生))수문시험지의 1차곡 소유역인 마쯔자와 유역에서 유역 내 수문과정과 토양수, 지하수, 계류수의 수질 등의 관측을 실시, 산림유역 내 황(黃) 플럭스를 수문지형학적 관점에서 해석하여 온대 산림유역 내의 황 순환 과정을 밝히고자 실시하였다. 유역 상부 교란 구역의 토양은 ${SO_4}^{2-}$의 공급원으로 작용하고 있었으며, 사면 수문과정을 통해 유역 중부와 하부의 심층토양 및 지하수대에 ${SO_4}^{2-}$가 저장되고 있었다. 계류수의 ${SO_4}^{2-}$ 농도는 지하수위 변동과 음의 상관을 나타내고 있는 바, 이는 심층지하수에 저장된 ${SO_4}^{2-}$가 가뭄 등의 저수위시 혹은 평수위시에 유출되고 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 산림유역 내 각 수문과정이 ${SO_4}^{2-}$의 저장과 유출에 중요한 역할을 하고 있다는 것이 정량적으로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.199-203
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• 2005

지체시간은 중요한 수문학적 응답특성 중의 하나로서, 유역의 형태적 특성으로부터 영향을 받는 것으로 알려져 있다. 일반적으로 유역의 형상은 집수평면에 대한 각종 형상디스크립터를 통하여 표현할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 최근 집수평면에 대한 새로운 형상지수로서 Moussa(2003)에 의하여 제안된 등가타원의 기하학적 특성을 지체시간 해석에 적용하였다. 강우-유출 관측자료의 지체시간은 Nash(1960)의 적률법을 이용하여 추정하였고. 우리나라의 3개 유역에 대한 사례분석을 통하여, 유역의 형태적 특성과 지체시간 사이의 관계를 분석하였다. 또한 상류지역으로부터 하류지역까지 등가타원의 형상이 변환되어 가는 양상을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 등가타원을 기반으로 한 신집수형상디스크립터 a+b 및 $a+b+{\epsilon}OM$와 지체시간 사이에는 비교적 양호한 상관관계가 존재함을 확인할 수 있었고 등가타원의 형상은 하류방향을 따라 인의 형태로 접근해 감을 알 수 있었다. 또한 불규칙한 평면의 형상을 표현하기 위한 밀집도의 개념을 적용해 보고자 시도하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.553-561
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 돌발홍수예경보 시스템의 개념을 국내에 도입하고 미소유역 규모의 한계유출량을 산정할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하는데 있다. 입력자료 설정에서 돌발홍수예보 입력파일 생성 등 총 9단계로 구성된 한계유출량 산정 GUI 시스템은 약 5 $\textrm{km}^2$ 규모로 소유역을 구분하며, 구분된 각 미소유역별 수문특성인자, 제방월류유량, 단위도 첨두유량 및 한계유출량을 산정한다. 개발된 시스템을 평창강 유역에 적용한 결과, 지속시간 1시간의 토양이 포화된 상태에서 소하천이 범람하는데 요구되는 유효강우량을 나타내는 한계유출량은 18.72~81.96 mm의 범위를 갖으며, 평균값은 46.39 mm인 것으로 나타났다. 평창강 유역의 미소유역별 산정된 한계유출량을 국외의 타 연구 사례와 비교한 결과 평창강 유역에서 산정된 결과는 적절한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 구축된 ArcView/Avenue 기반의 한계유출량 산정 GUI 시스템은 국내 타 유역에도 적용 가능할 것으로 판단되어 향후 국내 돌발 홍수예경보 시스템의 일부로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.83-83
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• 1994

본 연구의 목적은 수자원 이용이 매우 복잡한 금강유역의 하류부에 위치한 금강하구호에 대하여 물수지를 분석함과 동시에 금강유역 전역의 용수수급 상황을 파악하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 금강 하구호의 월 유입량을 추정하였으며, 월유출량은 자연유출과 저수유출에 대해 평가하였다. 연구결과, 상류의 대청댐으로 인해 금강 하구호 유입지점의 자연유출에 따른 유입량은 댐 건설전에 비해 홍수기인 7월에는 8.4% 감소하며, 홍수기를 제외한 10월부터 6월까지는 0.4∼17.6%가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 저수유출에 따른 유입량의 월별 변동은 농업용수의 수요가 큰 5-6월에 비교적 크게 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.173-184
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• 2014

Riparian areas are significant functional grounds for inhabiting ecological system on the river such as the self-regulation of the water quality and the foundation of important corridors. For such functional device to operate, consecutive land purchase scheme that prioritizes targeted areas with high pollutant load rate imposes sustainable development of the ecological riparian belt. The purpose of this study is focused on measuring the methodology for selecting land purchse order before establishing riparian belt in accordance with pollution loading estimation and the basin approach. The Yeongsan and Seomjin river which includes targeted areas of the land purchase have been classified into the large-medium-small(standard basin) influence areas based on their catchment rage, which than sub-divided the research area of Juam lake by 38 small basins and 223 units. Small basins with the high pollution load rates have been assessed as the first prioritized targets. For the second priority, the condition of the point pollutant sources, original area of the targets, original restored area were concerned. The final decision of the land purchase order targeted only those within 50 meter range from the basin. To validate the accumulated data, the on-site investigation went along the targeted zones, which the result shows that all prioritized areas included both point and non-point pollutant sources, and had not a small originally restored areas.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2013

Recently, climate change causes climatic anomaly such as global warming, the typhoon and severe rain storm etc. and it brings damage frequently. Climate change and global warming are prevalent all over the world in this century and many researchers including hydrologists have studied on the climate change. In this study, Seonakdong river watershed in the Nakdong river basin was selected as a study area. Real-time monitoring system was used to draw the rating curves, which has 0.78 to 0.96 of $R^2$. To predict runoff change in Seonakdong river watershed caused by climate change, the change in hydrologic runoff were predicted using the watershed model, SWAT. As a result, the runoff from the Seonakdong river watershed was increased by up to 45 % in summer. Because of the non-point sources from the farmland and the urban area, the water quality will be affected by the climate change. In this study, the operating plan of the water gates in Seonakdong river will be suggested by considering the characteristics of the watershed runoff due to the climate change. The optimal watergate opening plan will solve the water pollution problems in the reservoir-like river.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.52-65
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• 1984

In general precise estimation of hourly of daily distribution of the long-term run-off should be very important in a design of source of irrigation. However, there have not been a satisfying method for forecasting of stationar'y long-term run-off in Korea. Solving this problem, this study introduces unit-hydrograph method frequently used in short-term run-off analysis into the long-term run-off analysis, of which model basin was selected to be Sumgin-river catchment area. In the estimation of effective rainfall, conventional method neglects the Soil moisture condition of catchment area, but in this study, the initial discharge (qb) occurred just before rising phase of the hydrograph was selected as the index of a basin soil moisture condition and then introduced as 3rd variable in the analysis of the reationship between cumulative rainfall and cumulative loss of rainfall, which built a new type of separation method of effective rainfall. In next step, in order to normalize significant potential error included in hydrological data, especially in vast catchment area, Snyder's correlation method was applied. A key to solution in this study is multiple correlation method or multiple regressional analysis, which is primarily based on the method of least squres and which is solved by the form of systems of linear equations. And for verification of the change of characteristics of unit hydrograph according to the variation of a various kind of hydrological charateristics (for example, precipitation, tree cover, soil condition, etc),seasonal unit hydrograph models of dry season(autumn, winter), semi-dry season (spring), rainy season (summer) were made respectively. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows; 1.During the test period of 1966-1971, effective rainfall was estimated for the total 114 run-off hydrograph. From this estimation results, relative error of estimation to the ovservation value was 6%, -which is mush smaller than 12% of the error of conventional method. 2.During the test period, daily distribution of long-term run-off discharge was estimated by the unit hydrograph model. From this estimation results, relative error of estimation by the application of standard unit hydrograph model was 12%. When estimating by each seasonal unit bydrograph model, the relative error was 14% during dry season 10% during semi-dry season and 7% during rainy season, which is much smaller than 37% of conventional method. Summing up the analysis results obtained above, it is convinced that qb-index method of this study for the estimation of effective rainfall be preciser than any other method developed before. Because even recently no method has been developed for the estimation of daily distribution of long-term run-off dicharge, therefore estimation value by unit hydrograph model was only compared with that due to kaziyama method which estimates monthly run-off discharge. However this method due to this study turns out to have high accuracy. If specially mentioned from the results of this study, there is no need to use each seasonal unit hydrograph model separately except the case of semi-dry season. The author hopes to analyze the latter case in future sudies.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.212-223
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• 2008

한라산 어리목의 어승생오름 표고 $965{\sim}1,169m$에 위치하는 실험 유역의 수문 자료와 인근 어리목 관측소의 기상 자료를 이용하여 제주도 단성화산에서 일어나는 강우의 분배 특성을 검토하였다. 어승생오름은 스코리아콘으로 실험 유역의 면적은 $51,000m^2$이며 식생은 낙엽활엽수인 서어나무와 졸참나무가 우점하고 있다. 수문 자료의 일부 결측으로 인하여 전반기(2007년 4월 30일$\sim$9월 12일)와 후반기(10월 7일$\sim$11월 19일)로 관측 기간을 구분하여 분석하였다. 실험 유역에서는 총강우량 2,296.5mm 가운데 20.2%에 해당하는 465mm가 유역 유출량으로 분배되며, 실제 증발산량은 강우량의 25.9%를 차지하는 595mm이다. 깊은 침루량은 1,236.5mm로서 총강우량의 53.8%가 실험 유역 하부의 지하로 이동하며, 특히 우기인 여름철에는 깊은 침루율이 62.2%로 높아진다. 한반도 편마암 유역에 비하여 적어도 2배 이상 높은 실험 유역의 지하수 함양률은 투수성이 높은 제주도의 화산 지질 특성을 잘 반영하고 있다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.4184-4194
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• 1976

Located in the southwestern part of Korea, the Yong San Gang river flows generally northeast to southwest, and because of the specific location, topography and climate, the basin area is subject to recurrent drought and flood damages. To eliminate the cause of such damages and ensure an increase in the farm income by means of effective irrigation supply and increased cropping intensity, efforts are being made to speed up implementation of an integrated agricultural development project which would include construction. of an estuary dam and irrigation facilities as well as land development and tidal reclarnation. In formulating a basin development project plan, it is necessary to study a series of long-term runoff data. The catchment area at the proposed estuary damsite is 3,471$\textrm{km}^2$ with the total length of the river channel up to this point reaching 138km. An analysis of runoff in this area was carried out. Rainfall was estimated by the Thiessen Network based on records available from 15 of the rainfall observation stations within the area. Out of the 15 stations, Kwang Ju and Mok Po stations were keeping long-term precipitation records exceeding some 60 years while the others were in possession of only 5-10 years records. The long-term records kept by those stations located in the center of the basin were used as base records and records kept by the remaining stations were supplemented using the coefficient of correlation between the records kept by the base stations and the remainder. The analyses indicate that the average annual rainfall measured at Kwang Ju during 1940-1972 (33 years) amounts to 1,262mm and the areal rainfall amounts to 1,236mm. For the purpose of runoff analysis, 7 observatories, were set up in the middle and lower reaches of the river and periodic measurements made by these stations permitted analysis of water levels and river flows. In particular, the long-term data available from Na Ju station significantly contributed to the analysis. The analysis, made by 4-stage Tank method, shows that the average annual runoff during 1940-1972 amounts to 2,189 million ㎥ at the runoff rate of 51%. As for the amount of monthly runoff, the maximum is 484.2 million ㎥ in July while the minimum is 48.3 million ㎥ in January.

• 기술사
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.99-116
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• 1997

In order to obtain safe drinking water, free from surface contamination, a study to determine the potential for developing a bank-filtrate system in the Iryong and Yongsan, Nakdong River Basin, Korea was conducted. The main type of aquifer In the study area is alluvial, consisting mostly of sand and gravel. The hydraulic conductivity(k) of the Iryong and Yongsan test areas were 8.63${\times}$10$^-2$cm/s and 9.90${\times}$10$^-2$cm/s, respectively, indicating that these areas are satisfactory for bank filtrate production. Pilot plants(IRPL and YSPL) were set up In Iryong and Yongsan to monitor the change in the quality of bank-filtered water and to determine the effect pumping had on the surrounding hydrogeologic system. The pilot plants operated continuously for about two months and the data obtained were used to validate the groundwater flow model. Computer simulations were conducted to predict the effects of producing bank filtrate using MODFLOW. MODPATH was also linked with the flow model to analyze particle tracking. According to the results of the model simulations and the hydrogeologlc study, long-term pumping, the minimization of drawdown and the availability of uncontaminated sell and groundwater conditions for the catchment area were all Important factors for successful bank-titrate system development.