• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.174-177
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• 2009

Parathyroid cyst are rare lesion of the neck and superior mediastinum. They are classified as either functional or nonfunctional based on the presence or absence of hyperparathyroidism. They typically present as a palpable neck mass, or as an incidental finding during neck surgery. So, it must be included within the differential diagnosis of a neck lump. A 48-year old woman was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of left anterior neck mass. Physical finding showed soft, movable, non-tender mass on the lower left third of the neck. Laboratory findings revealed normal thyroid function and normal serum calcium level. On previous history, patient underwent two times sono-guided fine needle aspiration at local clinic, and about 10cc clear watery aspirate was noted. Computerized tomography findings showed non-enhancing hypodense cystic lesion on left thyroid area with tracheal deviation to right side. Preoperative diagnosis was thyroid cyst, and thyroidectomy was planed. Intra-operative finding showed huge cystic mass occupying the left thyroid area and smooth, shiny, semitransparent thin cyst wall was noted, which was loosely attached to the thyroid. The cyst was easily dissected free from the thyroid and surrounding tissues. After cyst removal, pathological study confirmed as a parathyroid cyst.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.121-142
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• 2001

The goal of the National Assessment of Educational Achievement(NAEA) 2001 was to affirm the accountability of school education, to scientifically manage and elevate the quality of education at the national level, and to articulate the final design of the NAEA. It was implemented on June 28th of the year 2001. The assessment frame for NAEA includes the achievement standards, the assessment standards, the instruction for the item development, and the grading policy for mathematics subject. Most of items are multiple-choice types, but the performance-based items should be at least thirty percent of the total items, also 30% in case of mathematics. Approximately 1% of students among entire population of the Grades 6 were randomly selected. Therefore, the finally sampled examines were 8023 at Grade 6. The result of the analysis of the NAEA revealed that Grade 6 students was labelled as ‘average’ level in general (Number and Operation: average, Geometric figures: average, Patterns and Functions: excellent, Measurements: average, Letters and Expressions: average, Probability and Statistics: average). The most characteristic finding was that except for Grade 6(its average is 69.92), most secondary students obtained low test scores and its average of each grade is below 50 out of 100. Especially, the scores on the performance-based items were by and large very low. This finding implies that Korean students are not familiar with the kind of test items which requires expression of ideas and feelings and they are rather familiar with the multiple-choice items. Another interesting finding was that the students in small towns and remote areas showed significantly low scores in all four skills compared with Seoul, metropolitan cities and medium and small cities. This may be attributed from the fact that the remote areas do not have equal learning environment with regard to social and cultural experience, supply of various teaching materials, extracurricular lessons which are directly related to teaching and learning. These findings may be utilized as a reliable resource fur improving curriculum and teaching and learning in Mathematics.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2005

게임 법에서 NPC들이 목표 위치로 이동하기 위하여 A* 알고리즘을 비롯한 다양한 알고리즘들을 이용하여 탐색해 왔다. 그 중 가장 많이 사용하는 알고리즘은 탐색속도가 빠른 A*이다. 그러나 A*에는 다음과 같은 문제점들을 가지고 있다. 첫 번째는 무작위로 변화하는 법에서는 변할 때마다 모든 계산을 다시 해야하며 잘못될 경우에는 목표를 찾지 못할 경우도 있다. 두 번째는 장애물 같이 NPC에 피해를 입히는 위험요소들이 위치하는 곳을 피하여 이동하기가 힘이 든다. 물론 위험 요소들에게 가중치를 부여하며 가중치가 높은 곳은 이동하지 않게도 할 수 있지만 위험 요소들의 근처에 이동하는 경우에는 제어하기 힘이 든다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 Dynamic Programming을 이용하여 길찾기 알고리즘에 적용하였다. 적용한 결과 무작위로 변화하는 맵 상의 변화에 잘 적응하였으며, NPC들이 자신의 위험 요소들을 멀리 피해가는 모습을 볼 수 있었다. 또한 A*와 비교에서도 좋은 결과가 나왔다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.627-629
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• 2017

평면 상에 주어진 n개의 직사각형에 대한 합집합과 교집합을 구하는 문제에 대해 많은 연구 결과가 나와 있다. Lipski와 Preparata(1981)는 좌표축에 평행한 직사각형의 합집합을 구하는 문제에 대해서 O(nlogn) 시간과 O(nlogn) 공간의 순차 알고리즘을 제시하였고[1], Alevizos(2013)는 이를 개선한 O(nlogn) 시간과 O(n) 공간의 개선된 순차 알고리즘을 제시하였다[2]. 본 논문에서는 좌표축에 평행한 직사각형들의 교집합이 공집합이 아닌 경우에 대한 직사각형들의 합집합을 구하는 문제를 고려한다. 이 경우, 직사각형들의 합집합은 하나의 연결된 영역, 즉 직교다각형이 된다. 본 논문에서는 재구성가능한 메쉬(RMESH) 모델에서 상수 시간에 이 문제를 해결하는 병렬 알고리즘을 제시한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.245-248
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• 2009

최근 단말기 기반의 경로 탐색에서도 동적인 정보를 반영하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 제시하는 대부분의 알고리즘은 $A{\ast}$알고리즘을 기반으로 한다. 휴리스틱을 이용한 알고리즘에서는 다음과 같은 탐색 비용이 증가하는 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 휴리스틱에 의해 결정된 추정 경로에 실제 경로가 존재하지 않을 경우, 휴리스틱 가중치 값이 비슷한 2가지 이상의 경로가 존재할 경우 탐색 비용이 증가한다. 이 논문에서는 생성 방법이 다른 추상 그래프의 성능을 평가 하였다. 추상 그래프는 실제 도로 네트워크를 단순화한 그래프로, 휴리스틱의 의존성과 탐색 비용을 줄이기 위해 제안된 방법이다. 추상 그래프는 생성 방법에 따라 동일 특성 노드 합병을 통한 추상 그래프($AG^H$)와 연결 노드 합병을 통한 추상 그래프($AG^C$)로 구별된다. 성능 실험 결과 생성 비용 측면에서 $AG^C$가 좋은 성능을 보였지만, 탐색 성능 측면에서는 $AG^H$가 좋은 성능을 보였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권2호
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• pp.159-175
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• 2024

In order to solve the problem of calculating the reasonable completed bridge state of a self-anchored hybrid cable-stayed suspension bridge (SA-HCSB), this paper proposes an analytical method. This method simplifies the main beam into a continuous beam with multi-point rigid supports and solves the support reaction forces. According to the segmented catenary theory, it simultaneously solves the horizontal forces of the main span main cables and the stay cables and iteratively calculates the equilibrium force system on the main beam in the collaborative system bridge state while completing the shape finding of the main span main cable and stay cables. Then, the horizontal forces of the side span main cables and stay cables are obtained based on the balance of horizontal forces on the bridge towers, and the shape finding of the side spans are completed according to the segmented catenary theory. Next, the difference between the support reaction forces of the continuous beam with multiple rigid supports obtained from the initial and final iterations is used to calculate the load of ballast on the side span main beam. Finally, the axial forces and strains of each segment of the main beam and bridge tower are obtained based on the loads applied by the main cable and stay cables on the main beam and bridge tower, thereby obtaining analytical data for the bridge in the reasonable completed state. In this paper, the rationality and effectiveness of this analytical method are verified through a case study of a SA-HCSB with a main span of 720m in finite element analysis. At the same time, it is also verified that the equilibrium force of the main beam under the reasonably completed bridge state can be obtained through iterative calculation. The analytical algorithm in this paper has clear physical significance, strong applicability, and high accuracy of calculation results, enriching the shape-finding method of this bridge type.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.131-136
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• 2003

Landslide is a natural disaster frequently noticed In korea during monsoon season in flicting nationwise damages on human lives, properties, transportation networks, construction sites, etc. This study is about landslide characteristic in rainfall. This study selects seven sites that occured in 2001 and 2002. So elect areas divide and studied special quality by carcinoma by igneous rock, metamorphic rock, sedimentary rock. According to study finding, because igneous rock area is very thin into 1m interior and exterior soil layer, failures happened much rock and soil interface. There was place that depth of soil layer becomes about 2∼3m being area that receive serious weathering case of metamorphic rock. Therefore, at collapse much debriflow occurrence expect. Case that sedimentary rock area is broken through stratification looked. When see such results, it may become many helps to study characteristics of landslide occurrence area grasping collapse special quality by rock type.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.99-102
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• 2000

Pulmonary amyloid deposition generally occurs with concurrent primary systemic amyloidosis. Localized forms of pulmonary amyloidosis are rare and appear most frequently as an incidental finding on chest radiographs. We present a case of nodular pulmonary amyloid tumor suggested by fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) and confirmed by histology examination with the polarizing light microscopy. A 41-year-old woman presented with ill-defined nodules. In the middle and lower lobes of both lungs. FNAC of the nodules revealed waxy, acellular amorphous fragments. Thoracotomy for diagnosis may be avoided by FNAC diagnosis of this unusual lesion.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2002

The black triangle is a common clinical finding in aged people with gingival recessions. Among other prosthetic treatment molalities such as composite resin filling and laminate venners, the all ceramic restoration procedure can lead to most successful result. With improved bonding strength and ceramic properties, the tooth preparation design for all-ceramic crown can be modified to minimize the reduction of sound tooth structure without loosing properties of conventional preparation design. Case selection is an important factor in acheiving succesful prosthesis. In this case report, the leucite reinforced pressable ceramic, $Authentic^{TM}$ [Ceramay, Germany] was used to fabricate the prosthesis.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2015

The Purpose of this study is to analyze the green design strategies in residential building, based on case study of Solar Decathlon in USA. This study could provide the basic reference data and theocratical foundation for finding new green design strategies and applicability of green design for korea. The Solar Decathlon is an green design competition that challenges collegiate teams to design, build, and operate the green residential building with optimal energy production and maximum efficiency. As a result of the analysis of this study, the green design strategy is identified and analyzed design issues related in energy, materials, and indoor/outdoor environment. Also, it is useful to find best green design strategy with more economical and environmental benefits presented by renewable energy and design solutions. This study is based on selected 18 green housings of Solar Decathlon from 2002 to 2013. This result is helpful to understand the green design strategies for green residential building's design of modern residential building, and expect future green residential building design approach.