• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore fashion design and merchandising students' perception of creativity and the copyright protection of apparel design. A survey with open-ended questions was developed and distributed to a total of 100 fashion major students with specializations in apparel design and merchandising from three different universities located in a northwestern state of the United States. A majority of respondents showed their awareness that copying apparel design is ethically wrong and counterfeiting is legally wrong. They were able to distinguish between copying and interpreting and were aware that incorporating limited elements from inspirations was ethically acceptable. However, many of the students look for design inspiration from secondary sources, such as existing designers' works which they observe over the Internet, magazines, fashion shows, and store shopping, which may pose them to the temptation to copy such ideas. Although fashion copyright protection law has yet to become enacted, a majority of respondents support passage of fashion copyright protection law. The results give support to the needs for addressing the creative problem-solving processes and ethical decision-making jointly within apparel design and merchandising curriculum.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.159-179
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• 2011

이 논문의 목적은 독서치료의 지적 기반을 전통적인 도서관서비스인 독자상담에 두고, 독자상담 영역에서 그동안 활용해온 이론과 방법에 근거하여 독서치료를 우리 도서관 현장에 적용하기 위한 이론적 근거를 강구하는데 있다. 이를 위해 도서관 선진국인 미국의 도서관 현장을 사례로 하여 독자상담과 독서치료와의 논리적 연계성을 검토해보고, 독자상담의 연장선에서 치료적 독자상담의 개념을 제시하였다. 더불어 치료적 독자상담의 실천을 위해 사서가 수행하여야 하는 역할을 컬다우(Kuhlthau)가 제시한 중재역할(zone of intervention) 모델에 근거하여 제시하였다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2005

Biobehavioral nursing research is focused on generating knowledge that examines relations among biological, behavioral, and social dimensions of health to improve outcomes. In this paper we review the findings of a biobehavioral nursing study of individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) that was framed from the perspective of an individual human response model, the FM literature, and our previous studies in midlife women. We were particularly interested in the studying the role of 'arousal' secondary to pain or to dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormones during sleep and the impact on symptom expression. Unexpectedly, we did not find evidence of, arousal' or abnormal amounts of HPA axis hormones but we did find reduced amounts of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) and of sleep spindle activity, a biomarker of sleep maintenance. We discuss these new findings and how our thinking was re-shaped to better understand the role that disturbed sleep plays in symptom expression in FM. It is argued that disturbed sleep maintenance mechanisms coupled with dysregulated somatotrophic-growth hormone axis and sleep-related PRL render individuals vulnerable to the development of or exacerbations of FM symptoms.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2005

Recently there has been a rapid accumulation of knowledge of microbial life in cold and frozen ecosystems. This understanding has revealed the extensive diversity of psychrophilic prokaryotes. Cultivation-based and molecular-based surveys have been performed in Antarctic habitats ranging from glacial ice to continental shelf sediments. Results indicate that psychrophilic taxa permeate throughout the Bacteria while they represent a more mysterious element of diversity in the Archaea owing to a notable lack of cultured strains. In certain cold climate ecosystems the diversity of psychrophilic populations reach levels comparable to the richest temperate equivalents. Within these communities must exist tremendous genetic diversify that is potentially of fundamental and of practical value. So far this genetic pool has been hardly explored. Only recently have genomic data become available for various psychrophilic prokaryotes and more is required. This owes to the fact that psychrophilic microbes possess manifold mechanisms for cold adaptations, which not only Provide enhanced survival and Persistence but Probably also contributes to niche specialisation. These mechanisms, including cold-active and ice-active proteins, polyunsaturated lipids and exopolysaccharides also have a great interest to biotechnologists.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to investigate assisted living residents' perception of foodservice experience using a qualitative approach. A total of 14 residents who lived in assisted living units of a continuing care retirement community participated in interview sessions. The interviews were semi-structured with open-ended questions. The interviews were transcribed and coded to identify themes from the responses. The residents perceived the availability of choices, variety of foods, and service positively, but expressed concerns about food preparation, food quality, and repetitive menus. They were particularly concerned with tough and dry meats. The foodservice department should consider the older residents' ability to chew and their changing taste buds when determining quality of food purchased and preparation methods. The residents considered the service pleasing and described it as satisfactory. They stated that the service staff was friendly but needed more training in proper service techniques. Communication between the foodservice department and the residents was an area to be improved. The foodservice department should increase the residents' involvement in the menu planning and evaluation of the foodservice on a routine basis. Foodservice managers and dietitians working for the older adults can utilize the findings of the study to identify strategies to improve foodservice at their facilities

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2003

Television is a powerful and persuasive teacher. It has the potential to influence perceptions, knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors, thus nutritionists need to be aware of the nutrition-related information (NRI) in television programming and the effect this information has on viewers. The purpose of this article was to review research published in peer-reviewed journals between 1988 and 2003 that examined the NRI embedded in American television programming, which is exported to over 125 nations, and its impact on nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and/or behaviors. This review revealed that, for the past 15 years, NRI was commonly included in both television advertisements and shows. Advertised foods were mainly high in fat, sodium, and/or sugar. In addition, the NRI embedded in food advertisements tended to be misleading or inaccurate. Prime-time television shows included numerous NRI containing scenes every hour, with situation comedies having the most and real-life re-enactment shows the least. Overall, low nutrient density foods accounted for approximately 40 percent or more of all food references on prime-time television shows. In television shows, foods were mostly consumed as snacks rather than meals and children often ate more nutritious foods than adults. Although relatively few studies have examined the impact of television programming on viewers, those that do exist indicate that as children watch more television, nutrition knowledge and understanding declines while misconceptions about nutrition increase. Advertising influences children's food purchase requests and subsequent purchases by adults, with the most requested and purchased foods being high in sugar, fat, and/or salt foods. Existing research indicates that television must be acknowledged as a major source of NRI and a potentially powerful influence on dietary practices.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to investigate assisted living residents' perception of foodservice experience using a qualitative approach. A total of 14 residents who lived in assisted living units of a continuing care retirement community participated in interview sessions. The interviews were semi-structured with open-ended questions. The interviews were transcribed and coded to identify themes from the responses. The residents perceived the availability of choices, variety of foods, and service positively, but expressed concerns about food preparation, food quality, and repetitive menus. They were particularly concerned with tough and dry meats. The foodservice department should consider the older residents' ability to chew and their changing taste buds when determining quality of food purchased and preparation methods. The residents considered the service pleasing and described it as satisfactory. They stated that the service staff was friendly but needed more training in proper service techniques. Communication between the foodservice department and the residents was an area to be improved. The foodservice department should increase the residents' involvement in the menu planning and evaluation of the foodservice on a routine basis. Foodservice managers and dietitians working for the older adults can utilize the findings of the study to identify strategies to improve foodservice at their facilities.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.20-43
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• 2017

While the Internet has been used to galvanise people for the collective good, many have voiced concerns over the noise and vitriol present online and polarisation. In Singapore where the government regulates traditional mainstream media such as print and broadcast, the online space has been described as a "Wild Wild West" rife with rumours, untruths and misinformation. Such developments do not only exert a potential negative effect on the deliberative nature of public discourse but also skew bias towards the online space, affecting the ability of online users to communicate with authority and power. This study seeks to examine the rationality of the cyberspace through using a new "rationality" framework to analyse political discourse online. Comprising objectivity, emotionality and partisanship, the rationality framework was applied to a content analysis of 197 blogs with political content in 2014. The analysis indicated that the online political space was not the Wild Wild West that it was touted to be with significant levels of objectivity and non-partisanship. There was a stark absence of emotional discourse, and relationships were observed between bloggers' anonymity and rationality. Cognisant of academia's and policymakers' interest on the quality and effects of online discourse, the proposed analytical framework and the study findings hold implications for both developed and developing countries.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2006

This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the nutrient contributions of the five meal components of school lunch menus planned for elementary students in two school districts (District A and B) in the Midwestern state of the United States. The 4-week cycle menu was planned for two time periods (Period 1 and Period 2) following guidelines for NuMenus and general menu planning principles. Menu components of planned and served menus for two time periods were analyzed using $Nutri-Kids^{TM}$. No significant differences in the nutrient content of between Periods 1 and 2 were found for District A. District B served significantly more vitamin A and total fat in Period 1 and significantly more calories, iron, vitamin A, protein, and total fat in Period 2 than was planned. The major nutrients provided by the entree component included protein, calories, cholesterol, total fat, saturated fat, and sodium. Milk was an important source of calcium and provided approximately one-third of the total protein and vitamin A in the meal. The vegetable/fruit component was the major source of vitamins A and C. The grain/bread component provided approximately 20% of the carbohydrates among five meal components. The miscellaneous component affected the sodium and fat content of the menus. Menu planners can use the results of this study to enhance their knowledge of the nutrient contributions of each meal component and as inputs for planning menus that meet children's nutritional requirements.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.402-406
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• 2017

Transit workers constitute a blue-collar occupational group that have elevated smoking rates relative to other sectors of employed adults in the United States. This study analyzed cross-sectional tobacco survey data from 935 workers (60% African American; 37% female) employed at an urban public transit agency in California. Prevalence of current and former smoking was 20.3% and 20.6%, respectively. Younger workers were less likely than older workers to be current or former smokers. Having a complete home smoking ban was associated with decreased likelihood of being a smoker [odds ratio (OR) = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.01-0.17], as were neutral views about whether it is easy for a smoker to take a smoking break during their shift (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.28-0.88). Current smoking among the sample is > 50% higher than the adult statewide prevalence. Potential points of intervention identified in this study include perceived ease of worksite smoking breaks and establishing home smoking bans. Tailored cessation efforts focusing on older transit workers more likely to smoke are needed to reduce tobacco-related disparities in this workforce.