• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.803-806
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• 2008

너스 수술은 미용적으로 우수한 수술법이나 전종격동 박리 시 출혈과 장기 손상을 유발할 수 있다. 저자들은 기존의 전종격동 통과방법이 갖고 있는 단점을 극복하기 위해 노력해 왔고, 보다 안전하고 간편하게 양측에 1cm의 수술 창으로 수술을 진행 할 수 있는 광투시 진입기구를 개발하게 되었다. 총 67명의 환자가 광투시 진입기구를 이용한 너스 수술을 시행 받았다. 36명은 광투시 진입기구만을 사용하였고(나이 <14), 31명은 흉강경을 추가로 이용하였다(나이 ${\geq}14$). 너스 수술 중이나 후에 흉강내 대량 출혈이나 장기손상 같은 주요합병증은 얼었다. 너스 수술에서 광투시 진입기구를 사용함으로써 출혈과 장기 손상 등 치명적인 합병증 없이 안전하고 간단하게 전종격동 박리를 할 수 있었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Objectives : This study investigated stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors for stroke, stroke complications and Sasang constitutions in both sexes. Methods : 307 patients with acute stroke within 14 days onset were included, who were admitted to Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from October 2005 to May 2007. Stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors for stroke, stroke complications and Sasang constitutions in both sexes were examined. Results : Mean age was higher among women than men (64.82${\pm}$10.21 years versus 62.18${\pm}$11.52 years for the 137 female and 170 male patients, respectively, p=0.037). There were no significant differences in stroke type, ischemic stroke subtypes, or stroke risk factors except smoking and Sasang constitutions. Current smoking was more frequent in male patients (p<0.001). Stroke complications, especially urinary tract infection (UTI), were significantly more common in women (p=0.002). Conclusion : Sex does not seem to influence stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, or stroke risk factors except current smoking and Sasang constitutions. UTI should be taken into consideration to manage female stroke patients. Smoking cessation is indicated to prevent stroke in men.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.174-179
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• 2015

Background: The endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) method has been used in coronary artery bypass surgery in many countries. We started using the EVH method recently, and investigated the results during the early learning period. Methods: Between March 2012 and June 2014, 75 patients (31 patients in the EVH method group, and 44 patients in the open method group) who underwent isolated first-time coronary artery bypass grafting using vein grafts were retrospectively analyzed with respect to the early outcomes including graft patency and risk factors for leg wound complications. For assessing the patency of vein graft, we performed coronary computed tomography angiography during the immediate postoperative period and 6 months later. Results: Mean harvesting time of endoscopic method was about 15 minutes. Patency rate during the immediate operative period and the 6-month patency rate were similar between the two groups (postoperative period: EVH 100% vs. open method 94.4%, p=0.493; at 6 months: EVH 93.3% vs. open method 90.9%, p=0.791). Leg wound complications occurred more frequently in the open method group (EVH 3.2% vs. open method 13.6%, p=0.127). According to the analysis, age was an independent risk factor for leg wound complications. Conclusion: EVH is a feasible method even for beginners and can be performed satisfactorily during their learning period.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.338-342
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• 2011

Background: The axillary artery is frequently used for cardiopulmonary bypass, especially in acute aortic dissection. We have cannulated the axillary artery using a side graft or by directly using Seldinger's technique. The purpose of this study was to assess the technical problems and complications of both cannulation techniques. Materials and Methods: From January 2003 to December 2009, 53 patients underwent operations using the axillary artery for arterial cannulation. The axillary artery was cannulated with a side graft in 35 patients (side graft group) and directly using Seldinger's technique in 18 patients (direct group). Results: The results were compared between two groups, focusing on cannulation-related morbidities including neurologic morbidity. Arterial damage or dissection of the axillary artery occurred in 1 (2.9%) patient in the side graft group and in 1 (5.6%) patient in the direct group. Malperfusion and insufficient flow did not occur in either group. There were no postoperative complications related to axillary cannulation, such as brachial plexus injury, compartment syndrome, or local wound infection, in either group. Conclusion: Technical problems and complications of the axillary arterial cannulation in both techniques were rare. Direct arterial cannulation using Seldinger's technique was done safely and more simply than the previous technique. It was concluded that both axillary arterial cannulation techniques are acceptable and it remains the surgeon's preference which technique should be used.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.606-609
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• 1995

We have experienced ten cases of emergent operation for the complications of cardiac catheterization during the period from 1985 to September 1994.Catheterization was done for the evaluation of the cardiac or vascular problem in 8 cases and 2 cases of neurosurgical problem. The extracardiac injection of contrast material have occurred in 3 cases[primum ASD,Trilogy,VSD . Six cases were unable to remove the catheter from femoral artery or vein. The catheters were knotted, coiled, impacted or broken. An embolectomy was done 40 years old man who suffered from chronic left subclavian artery obstruction a day after angiography. Open heart surgery was performed in 5 cases of cardiac perforation,impacted catheter in left inferior pulmonary vein and broken catheter of VSD. Arteriotomy was done in 4 cases to remove the knotted and coiled catheter. There was no complication or mortality for the emergent operation.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권3호통권71호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2007

Objectives : The objective of this study was to assess whether there were sex differences in stroke types, risk factors, warning signs, and stroke complications among patients with first-ever stroke. Methods : Six-hundred seventy six patients with first-ever stroke were recruited at the Department Cardiovascular and Neurologic Diseases (Stroke center) of KyungHee University Oriental Hospital, DongGuk University International Hospital, and Kyungwon University In-cheon Oriental Medical Hospital from September 2005 to June 2007. Patients were hospitalized within 28 days after the onset of stroke. We investigated their stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes by TOAST classification, risk factors, warning signs, stroke complications, general characteristics such as age, sex, etc. Results : Overall, 347 patients were male and 279 female. Compared with males, female patients were significantly older (mean age 67.3${\pm}$1.1 versus 62.4${\pm}$1.6 years) (P=0.000). We did not find significant sex differences in stroke types or ischemic stroke subtypes by TOAST classification. History of hypertension was significantly more frequent in female than male patients (P=0.000). Among stroke complications, urinary tract infection was significantly more frequent in female than male patients (P=0.003). Among warning signs, blepharospasm was significantly more frequent in female than male patients (P=0.006). Conclusions : Knowledge of sex differences of stroke patients can help us gain better insights on the characteristics of stroke patients. We need further and larger scale research to acquire more concrete conclusions on this theme.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 1987

This report provides follow-up data on 557 patients [73 aortic, 357 mitral, and 127 multiple valve replacements] undergone lonescu-Shiley pericardial Xenograft valve replacement at Seoul National University Hospital between January, 1979 and December, 1985. There were 35 early death [6.3%] and 522 operative survivors were observed, and the cumulative follow-up is 1,140 patient-years [mean: 2.18 years per patient] The thromboembolic complications occurred in 34 cases [3.0% per patient-year] and the rate was 2.1% per patient-year for mitral and 0.3% per patient-year for aortic valve replacement in the presence of anticoagulation therapy. Among the 34 embolic episodes, 9 patients were dead [0.8% per patient-year] and the cause of death were 5 cerebral thromboembolism, 2 pulmonary embolism, and 2 intracerebral hemorrhage due to inappropriate anticoagulation after thromboembolic episode. Actuarial probability [+ SEM] of remaining free of thromboembolism for AVR is 88.1 x 11.1% at 5 years, for MVR 79.1 a 13.4% at 7 years and for multiple valve replacement 77.2 e 5.21% at 7 years. The incidence rate of thromboembolic complications after AVR is not less than that of MVR [0.3 Among the potential thromboembolic risk factors, atrial fibrillation is possible risk factor to increase the thromboembolic complication [0.05 < P < 0.1], but the importance of other factors, such as atrial clot, large left atrial size, mitral position, NYHA functional class, and age is less definite. A careful follow-up and the proper control of anticoagulation without omission, poor control, and arbitrary withdrawal is important for the successful management of the thromboembolic complications and the anticoagulation-related morbidity and mortality.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2000

The patient with findings of diffuse infiltrative lung on chest X-ray has various causes; therefore, the prognosis is different and the treatment should be changed according to the cause. We are trying to identify the meaning of operative lung biopsy and to 11nd a more accurate and effective procedure. We reviewed 46 medical records of patients with the findings of diffuse infiltrative lung on chest X-ray who had undergone operative lung biopsy or biopsies for 8 years. The open lung biopsy were done in 22 cases(47.8%) and thoracoscopic lung biopsy in 24 cases(52.2%). There is no significant difference in the rate of diagnosis(p=0.452) and the incidence of complications(p=0.155) between these groups. The number of cases with more than two biopsies are 9(19.6%) and that of one biopsy are 37(80.4%). There are no statistical difference in the rate of diagnosis(p=0.928) and the incidence of complications(p=0.125). The postoperative complications occurred in 8 cases,7 cases of air leak more than 7 days and 1 case of respiratory insufficiency. In the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with findings of infiltrative lung on chest X-ray, the operative lung biopsy is the very necessary course, and shows satisfactory rate of diagnosis with negligible complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 1996

심장수술후 복부장기의 합병증은 드물게 발생하나 발병시에는 높은 사망률을 야기할 수 있다. 1985년부터 1993년까지 인제의대 부속 부산백병 원에서 인공심폐기를 이용하여 수술한심혈관수술 1241례를 대상으로 하였으며 그중 16명이 복부장기의 합병증이 발생하였고 발병률은 1.3 %였다. 대장염이 6례, 간염이 3례, 위장출혈이 2례, 미란성위염이 1례, 담낭염이 1례, 비장파열이 1례, 부고환염이 1례, 서혜부 탈장이 1례 였다. 16례중 2례가 사망하여 전체적인 사망률은 12.5%였다. 16명의 환자중 3명은 복부장기의 합병증 치료를 위해 수술을 시행하였으며 이중 1명이 사망하였다. 심장수술후 복부장기의 합병증은 높은 사망률을 야기하므로 급성복증이 관찰되거나 내과적인 치료를 통해 증상호전이 없으면 적절한 시기에 적극적인 수술적 치료를 필요로 한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2024

Since its outbreak in late 2019, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly caused global morbidity and deaths. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has major complications in cardiovascular and pulmonary system. The increased rate of mortality is due to delayed detection of certain biomarkers that are crucial in the development of disease. Furthermore, certain proteins and enzymes in cellular signaling pathways play an important role in replication of SARS-CoV-2. Most cases are mild to moderate symptoms, however severe cases of COVID-19 leads to death. Detecting the level of biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, cardiac troponin, creatine kinase, creatine kinaseMB, procalcitonin and Matrix metalloproteinases helps in early detection of the severity of disease. Similarly, through downregulating Renin-angiotensin system, interleukin, Mitogen-activated protein kinases and Phosphoinositide 3-kinases pathways, COVID-19 can be effectively controlled and mortality could be prevented. Ginseng and ginsenosides possess therapeutic potential in cardiac and pulmonary complications, there are several studies performed in which they have suppressed these biomarkers and downregulated the pathways, thereby inhibiting the further spread of disease. Supplementation with ginseng or ginsenoside could act on multiple pathways to reduce the level of biomarkers significantly and alleviate cardiac and pulmonary damage. Therefore, this review summarizes the potential of ginseng extract and ginsenosides in controlling the cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases by COVID-19.