• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1404-1408
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• 2016

In recent years, foot-and-mouth disease has occurred in all parts of the world. The animals with the disease are buried in the ground; therefore, their concentration could affect ground or groundwater. Moreover, the complete degradation of carcasses is not a certainty, and their disposal is important to prevent humans, livestock, and the environment from being affected with the disease. The treatment of Corynebacterium glutamicum is a feasible method to reduce the risk of carcass decomposition affecting humans or the environment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of C. glutamicum on the soil environment with a carcass. The composition of amino acids in the soil treated with C. glutamicum was generally higher than those in the untreated soil. Moreover, the plant root in the soil samples treated with C. glutamicum had 84.0% amino acids relative to the standard value and was similar to that of the control. The results of this study suggest the possibility to reduce the toxicity of a grave land containing animals with this disease.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.861-866
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 가축사체 매몰지 토양에서 추출된 미생물을 이용하여, 가축사체 매몰지 오염 토양 유래 유기탄소의 분해 효과를 분석하고, 분해에 관여하는 미생물의 종을 규명하는 것이다. 경기도 안성에 위치한 가축 매몰지 토양 유래 용존 유기탄소를 대상으로 토양 서식 미생물의 생분해율을 평가한 결과(56일 동안), 1번 용액(초기 용존 유기탄소 농도 = 19.88 mg C/L)에서는 13일 이내에 48%의 용존 유기탄소가 감소하였으며, 56일째 용존 유기탄소는 $8.8{\pm}0.4$ mg C/L로 56% 분해되었다. 2번 용액(초기 용존 유기탄소 농도 = 19.80 mg C/L)에서도 초기 13일 이내에 용존 유기탄소 농도가 급격히 감소하였으며, 56일째 용존 유기탄소는 $6.0{\pm}1.6$ mg C/L로 70%가 분해되었다. 생분해 실험과정에서, 전체 유기탄소 물질에서 방향족 탄소구조의 비율을 나타낸 지표인 $SUVA_{254}$값은 용존 유기탄소와는 다르게, 일정기간(21일) 동안 증가하다가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. $SUVA_{254}$값은 1번 용액과 2번 용액 모두, 21일째 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 생분해 실험 14일째 미생물 분석 결과, 토양에서 쉽게 발견되는 Pseudomonas fluorescens, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Nocardioides simplex, Pseudomonas mandelii, Bosea sp. 등 미생물이 검출되었다. 그리고, 56일째 미생물 분석 결과, Pseudomonas veronii가 우점종으로 나타났다.

• 지질공학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2013

가축 매몰지내 침출수의 누출은 인간과 다른 가축들에게 쉽게 질병을 확산시킬 수 있는 중요한 문제이다. 본 연구에서는 매몰된지 5개월 이내의 초기 16개 가축매몰지에 대한 침출수의 물리화학적 특성과 분자미생물학적 방법을 이용하여 침출수내 존재하는 호기성 미생물을 분석하였다. 총대장균군, 총유기탄소, 암모니아이온 및 질산성질소가 관련된 참고문헌자료에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 또한 암모니아 이온과 질산성질소는 국내 먹는물 기준치를 초과하여 나타났다. 16S rNA 서열 분석법을 사용하여 호기성 조건에서 침출수의 미생물 분포를 분석한 결과, 높은 빈도의 Bacillus pumilus, Lysinibacillus sphaericus 및 Bacillus sphaericus이 관찰되었지만, Bucillus cereus와 Salmonella와 같은 식중독 미생물은 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구는 가축매몰지로부터 형성되는 침출수에 대한 지질 매체 내에서의 거동특성, 처리 및 위해성 평가에 대한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다.

• 분석과학
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2018

2010년 11월말 5번째 구제역이 발생하여 가축 매몰지로 인한 악취물질, 지하수, 음용수 등에 2차 환경오염 발생 가능성에 대한 문제제기 등 환경영향 저감 방안 마련이 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 축종별, 토성별 파일럿 규모 가축매몰지 5기를 설치하여 2012년 2월부터 2015년 2월까지 약 3년 동안 침출수를 채취하여 90 항목을 분석하였으며, 매몰사체의 유기물 분해특성, 사체관련 미량원소 특히 대사체 물질 농도변화, 사체분해정도 등을 정밀 조사하였다. 그 결과 비소, 카드뮴 등 대부분의 중금속은 검출되지 않았으며 토성에 따른 축종별 분해정도를 파악한 결과 돼지보다는 소가 더 빨리 분해되고 사질 > 식양질 > 사양질 토양 순으로 사체분해가 이루어지는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2017

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is highly infectious disease of cloven-hoofed animals, particularly problematic in cattle, sheep, pigs and goats for economic reasons. Last FMD outbreak in February, 2017 caused tremendous social and economical impacts. The Korean FMD policy aims to vaccinate intact animals and euthanize and bury infected animals to prevent the disease spread. However, there was a problem that the buried livestock did not decompose after several years. Therefore, the study was purposed to investigate the effect of Corynebacterium glutamicum and Bacillus licheniformis on the degradation of buried cow carcasses and on the soil condition; such as temperature, decomposition course of carcasses, composition of amino acids in the soil around carcasses, and plant root elongation to measure soil conditions. As a result, the composition of amino acids in the soil treated with C. glutamicum and B. licheniformis was generally higher than those in the untreated soil. Plant roots in soil treated with C. glutamicum and B. licheniformis grew longer than in non-treated soil. The results suggested that the toxic effect on a grave land buried with FMD infected livestock is reduced when treated with C. glutamicum and B. licheniformis in regard of odor reduction, promoted decaying process, and soil fertilization.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2018

Burials for the rapid disposal of carcasses have diverse and profound effects on the rural living condition, natural environment, and local economy throughout construction, management and final destruction of burials. In this study, possible residue excavated from standard burials, storage using FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic) tanks, and microbial-treated burials are characterized as carcasses, contaminated soil by leachate, and wasted plastic film. Treatment technologies for volume reduction of the residue including composting, rendering, and thermal hydrolysis were investigated. If the solid and liquid residues generated during volume reduction treatment are directly transferred to the environmental facilities, it may cause disorder due to high concentrations of organics, antibiotics, and lipid. Benefits and drawbacks of composting as a volume reduction techniques are extensively investigated. We also discussed that proper treatment of excavated soils and the reusing the treated soil as agricultural purpose. For the protection of public health and worker's hygiene, treatment criteria including produced residue qualities, and quality standards for the treated soil as agricultural use are required. In addition, Scientific manual for the proper treatment of residues is required. It is necessary to consider the establishment of a pretreatment facility to the occurrence of large-scale residue treatment.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2013

Outbreak of animal infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, avian influenza are becoming prevalent worldwide. For prevent the further infection, tremendous numbers of the infected or culled stocks are buried around farm. This burial method can generate a wide range of detrimental components such as leachate, nutrient, salt, and pathogenic bacteria, consequently. In this study, for the stabilization of livestock carcasses leachate, advanced oxidation processes utilizing the Fenton reaction was investigated in lab-scale experiments for the treatment for $COD_{Cr}$ of livestock carcass leachate. $COD_{Cr}$ reduction by the Fenton oxidation was investigated response surface methodology using the Box-Begnken methods were applied to the experimental results. A central composite design was used to investigate the effects of the independent variables of pH ($x_1$), dosage of $FeCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O$ ($x_2$) and dosage of $H_2O_2$ ($x_3$) on the dependent variables $COD_{Cr}$ concentration ($y_1$). A 1 M NaOH and $H_2SO_4$ was using for pH control, $FeCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O$ was used as iron catalyst and NaOH was used for Fenton reaction. The optimal conditions for Fenton oxidation process were determined: pH, dosage of $FeCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O$ and dosage of $H_2O_2$ were 3, 0.6 g (0.0151 M) and 7 mL(0.259 M), respectively. Statistical results showed the order of significance of the independent variables to be pH > initial concentration of ferrous ion > initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide.