• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2004

철도차량의 내장재료로 사용되는 페놀수지의 laminate Panel과 sandwich panel의 화재특성을 콘칼로리미터를 이용하여 착화시간, 열방출율과 일산화탄소방출량을 비교, 조사하였다. 또한 기존 철도차량용 내장재료로 사용된 불포화 폴리에스터와 페놀수지와의 화재특성을 비교하였다. 페놀수지의 중량감소 및 열분해능을 DSC & TGA를 이용하여 측정하였다. 콘칼로미터 실험결과 착화시간, 열방출율 및 일산화탄소 생성량은 50kW 복사조건에서 더 높게 나타남을 알 수 있었으며, 동일한 복사열소건 하에서는 sandwich-페놀수지가 laminate-페놀수지보다 더 빨리 착화되었다. 기존 철도차량에 적용되었던 불포화 폴리에스터와 페놀수지와의 비교시험 결과 페놀수치의 화재성능이 발열량 및 일산화탄소 방출 모두에서 우수한 것으로 조사되었다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2003

Carbon/carbon composites were developed using PAN based carbon fibres and phenolic resin as matrix in different volume fractions and heat treated to temperatures between $1000^{\circ}C$ to $2500^{\circ}C$. Although both the starting precursors are nongraphitizing hard carbons individually, their composites lead to very interesting properties e.g. x-ray diffractograms show the development of graphitic phase for composites having fibre volume fractions of 30~40%. Consequently the electrical resistivity of such composites reaches a value of $0.8\;m{\Omega}cm$, very close to highly graphitic material. However, it was found that by increasing the fibre volume fraction to 50~60%, the trend is reversed. Optical microscopy of the composites also reveals the development of strong columnar type microstructure at the fibre (matrix interface due to stress graphitization of the matrix. The study forcasts a unique possibility of producing high thermal conductivity carbon/carbon composites starting with carbon fibres in the chopped form only.

• 융복합기술연구소 논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2013

Spherical active carbon materials have been used for the removal of pollutants in the area of food processing, water treatment, air purification, oral administration. Moreover, they are now expected to make an epoch in the areas of electronics, life science, environmental technology, and so on due to their superior physical properties. Carbon particles should be requested for the edgeless spherical shapes in order to minimize the loss due to the abrasion during the process and/or practical use, but the carbon particles manufactured from petroleum-based pitch do not meet these needs. Nowadays, thus, the spherical active carbon particles carbonized from various spherical polymer beads are studied with thermoplastic and/or thermosetting polymers. In this paper, the synthesis of spherical phenolic beads and furan beads, which are thermosetting polymers, and their carbonization techniques are examined.

• Carbon letters
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2004

In spite of unparalleled combination of essential material properties for brake linings and clutch facings, replacement for asbestos is seriously called for since it is a health hazard. Once asbestos is replaced with other material then composition and properties of brake pad changes. In certain cases hardness of the material may be high enough to affect the rotor material. In this study, hardness of the brake pad has been controlled using suitable reinforcement materials like glass, carbon and Kevlar pulp. Brake pad formulations were made using CNSL (cashew net shell liquid) modified phenolic resin as a binder, graphite or cashew dust as a friction modifier and barium sulphate, talc and wollastonite as fillers. Influence of each component on the hardness value has been studied and a proper formulation has been arrived at to obtain hardness values around 35 on Scleroscopic scale. Friction and wear properties of the respective brake pad materials have been measured on a dynamometer and their performance was evaluated.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.220-222
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• 1998

페놀수지인 resole을 유일 탄소원으로 분해할 수 있는 능력을 가진 3개의 미생물 컨소시염이 분리되었다. 이들 마생물 컨소시 염은 페놀수지 resole 제조공장 주변의 토양샘플로 부터 유래하였다.그들 컨소시엄 가운데 MS2로 명명된 미생물 컨소시엄은 배양 12일 이내에 초기에 배지내에 주어진 resole (100 mg/L) 의 70%까지 분해되었으나, 완전분해는 이루어지지 않았다 배양 기간동안 pH가 7.0에서 2.7로 감소되었으며 이러한 조건하에서 resole 분해는 억제되었다 UV /vis-spectrophotometer가 잔존 resole의 정량적 측정을 위하여 이용되었으며, 배양가간중에 채 취된 시료에서 resole의 농도는 UV-scans으로 261 nm에서 최대 흡광치룹 토대로 측정되었다.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.178-181
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• 2004

In this work, the carbon fabric reinforced phenolic composite is applied for heavy-duty journal bearings. The through thickness compressive strength (TTCS), which is one of the most important characteristics for the bearing material, is measured and analyzed with respect to the stacking sequence and composite thickness. Also, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and thermal conductivity of the composite in the thickness direction were measured with respect to stacking sequence.

• Carbon letters
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2009

The adsorption of phenolic compound resorcinol on activated carbons prepared from Moringa oleifera (Drumstick bark) has been investigated. Activated carbon was prepared by impregnating Moringa oleifera with 50% phosphoric acid in the ratio of 1:1 and 1:2(w/w), designated as MOAC1 and MOAC2. Equilibrium and isotherm studies were carried out. The influences of variables such as contact time, initial concentration of resorcinol, carbon dosage in the solution on percentage adsorption and adsorption capacity of the bark have been analysed. The equilibration time was found to be 4 h. Kinetics of resorcinol onto activated carbons was checked for pseudo first order and pseudo second order model. It was found that the adsorption of resorcinol follows pseudo second order kinetics for both MOAC1 and MOAC2. The isotherm data were correlated with isotherm models, namely Langmuir and Freundlich. Adsorption isotherms were satisfactorily fitted by both the Langmuir and Freundlich model for MOAC1 and MOAC2.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.98-101
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• 2005

The mechanical and thermal properties of PAN-based/Rayon-based carbon fabrics interply hybrid composite materials have been studied. Mechanical properties was improved with increasing amount of continuous PAN-based carbon fabrics. The erosion rate was calculated through torch test. The thermal conductivity of hybrid of spun PAN-based/continuous rayon-based carbon fabric is lower than others.

• Carbon letters
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.21-23
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• 2003

In this work, the effect of anodic oxidation treatment on Cr(VI) ion adsorption behaviors of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) was investigated. The aqueous solutions of 10 wt% $H_3PO_4$ and $NH_4OH$ were used for acidic and basic electrolytes, respectively. Surface characteristics and textural properties of ACFs were determined by XPS and $N_2$ adsorption at 77 K. The heavy metal adsorption of ACFs was conducted by ICP. As a result, the adsorption amount of the anodized ACFs was improved in order of B-ACFs > A-ACFs > pristine-ACFs. In case of the anodized treated ACFs, the specific surface area was decreased due to the pore blocking or pore destroying by acidic electrolyte. However, the anodic oxidation led to an increase of the Cr(VI) adsorption, which can be attributed to an increase of oxygen-containing functional groups, such as, carboxylic, lactonic, and phenolic groups. It was clearly found that the Cr(VI) adsorption was largely influenced by the surface functional groups, in spite of the reduced specific surface area of the ACFs.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제67권
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• pp.448-460
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• 2018

Copper nanoparticle-doped and graphitic carbon nanofibers-covered porous carbon beads were used as an efficient catalyst for treating synthetic phenolic water by catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) in a packed bed reactor over 10-30 bar and $180-230^{\circ}C$, with air and water flowing co-currently. A mathematical model based on reaction kinetics assuming degradation in both heterogeneous and homogeneous phases was developed to predict reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) under a continuous operation with recycle. The catalyst and process also showed complete COD reduction (>99%) without leaching of Cu against a high COD (~120,000 mg/L) containing industrial wastewater.