• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the possible effects of some plants protecting intact rat liver damaged by $CCl_4$. The extract of mugwort (Artemsiae capillaris), soybean sprout and pine leaf (Pinus strobus) inhibited markedly the in vitro activities of rat liver fatty acid synthase, whereas those of shiitake (Lentinus ododes), Houttuynia cortata, Acanthopanacis cortex and buckwheat leaves had less effects. Treatment with the water extract of pine leaf and soybean sprout caused a marked decrease in the $CCl_4$-induced toxicity in rat liver, judged from their effects on the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvic transaminase(GPT) in the serum. The extract of mugwort and soybean sprout reduced markedly the content of liver microsomal peroxides induced by $CCl_4$ treatment and serum TBA values, respectively. The extract of soybean sprout decreased efficiently the content of liver triglyceride elevated by $CCl_4$ treatment. Nevertheless, the extracts did not exert the supression of hepaticmegaly induced by $CCl_4$. The results suggest that soybean sprout and pine leaf may be potential sources improved the biochemical parameters like as peroxidation value or serum GOT and GPT, although these extracts had minimal effects in the increase of liver size induced by carbon tetrachloride.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.102-106
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• 2001

To investigate the effects of leek green juice on the damaged liver of $CCl_{4}$-treated rats, Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing about 100g, were divided into 4 groups ; control group (CON), leek green juice-administered group (LGJ), $CCl_{4}$-treated group (CCL) and leek green juice and $CCl_{4}$-treated group (LCL). After 6 weeks, the activities of sGPT and sGOT, and content of hepatic TBA-reactants, elevated by $CCl_{4}$ treatment, were markedly decreased by administering leek green juice, compared to CCL. It was also observed that activities of hepatic SOD and GSH-Px were elevated by $CCl_{4}$-treatment as compared to CON, but concomitant treatment of leek green juice and $CCl_{4}$ decreased those levels adjacent to CON, whereas catalase activity did not show significant decreasing effects compared to CCL. The hepatic content of glutathione, decreased by $CCl_{4}$, was more abundantly increased by leek green juice administration than by CCL. These results suggest that leek green juice is believed to b a possible protective effect for the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat liver.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.156-161
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• 1997

For the search of hepatoprotective compounds from the folk medicines, 14 natural products which have been traditionally used as hepatoprotective drugs in Korea were extracted with methanol. The extracts were screened for the antioxidant activity on lipid peroxidation induced by Fenton reaction in rat homogenate and Ac2F cell toxicity by t-hydroperoxide. Dendrobium moniliforme and Castanea crenata were chosen for the further investigation and its therapeutic effects on the liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats were evaluated. Oral administration of the extracts reduced the aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) activities in the serum of the carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rat. And the treatment of the extracts prevented the decrease of aminopyrine N-demethylation and aniline hydroxylation activities of the carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rat liver. These results suggest that oral administration of Dendrobium moniliforme and Castanea crenata is effective in recovering the liver function in $CCl_4-treated$ rats.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.87-90
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find the effect of 36 traditional medicinal plant species on hepatoprotective activity screening. For this study, carbon tetrachloride $(CCl_{4})$ intoxificated rats were used. Test extracts were made with the traditional medicinal plants refluxed in 95% MeOH and orally administered to the rats. Sixteen species, such as Mentha arvensis, Sophora japonica, Benincasa hispida, Lonicera japonica (Lonicerae Flos), Agaricus blazei, Epimedium koreanum, Aralia continentalis, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Cimicifuga foetida, Gastrodia elata, Sanguisorba officinalis, Cephalonoplos segetum, Bupleurum falcatum, Alisma plantago-aquatica var. orientale, Lonicera japonica (Lonicerae Folium) and Sinomenium acutum showed protective effect against increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or serum asparteate aminotransferase (AST) activities.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.154-158
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• 1996

To investigate the protective effect of Korean red ginseng (RG) against oxidative damage, rats were intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride and liver tissues and blood were taken and analyzed histopathologically and biochemically. Light microscopy of the liver showed that RG prevented the necrosis of hepatocytes remarkably and reduced the change of fat. RG increased the capability for serum to suppress oxygen radical in the generating system. It is suggested that RG enhanced the antioxidative potential of the body against $CCl_4$, which would prevent the necrosis of hepatocytes in vivo.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.684-692
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• 2002

Cordyceps militaris has been known as a Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of tuberculosis, asthma, kidney disease, debility and fatigue etc. This study was attempted to investigate the therapeutic effect of C. militaris extract on the cytotoxic activity of HepG2, human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in SD rats. C. militaris extracts inhibited significantly the proliferation of HepG2 cells in vitro. Carbon tetrachloride(CCl₄) caused a significant an increase in liver weight, serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) activity, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), microsomal TBARS, and decrease in microsomal detoxification enzymes (cytochrome P-450, P-450 reductase, cytochrome b5, b5 reductase). TBARS and ALP in serum pretreated with C. militaris extracts (300mg/kg/day, 600mg/kg/day) was significantly reduced compared to control group(CCl₄). Cytochrome b5 and b5 reductase activities were significantly increased in CM300 (300 mg/kg/day) and CM600 group(600 mg/kg/day), and cytochrome P-450 reductase was significantly increased in CM300 group. Pretreatment (100, 300, and 600 mg/kg/day for 7 days) of C. militaris with CCl₄ was significantly inhibited the accumulation microsomal TBARS and the significantly increased in the cytochrome P-450 activity. These results suggested that C. militaris (300mg/kg/day for 7 days) has appreciable therapeutic effect on CCl₄ induced hepatotoxicity.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 1991

To clarify a cause of increased serum level of acid phosphatase in CCl$_{4}$-treated rats, the acid phosphatase activity of liver was compared with that serum. Concomitantly, the serum and liver acid phosphatase activity of CCl$_{4}$-treated rats were compared with that of CCl$_{4}$-treated rats pretreated with prednisolone or actinomycin D. In CCl$_{4}$-treated rats, the activity of serum acid phosphatase was significiantly increased whereas that of liver acid phosphatase was rather slightly decreased. the pretreatment of prednisolone led to the decreased activity of serum and liver acid phosphatase in CCl$_{4}$-treated rats. But the pretreatment of actinomycin D rather increased the activity of liver and serum enzyme. In conclusion, it is likely the increased activity of serum acid phosphatase is based on the excess leaking of acid phosphatase into blood by the increased membrane permeability of both liver cell and lysosome in it.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.251-258
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• 2015

Curcumin, a major polyphenolic compound of turmeric, is well known to prevent non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) related to obesity. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) in obese mice. $CCl_4$ was administrated in mice fed a normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) for 7 weeks together with or without curcumin. It was conducted to examine for metabolic profiles, adipocyte size, and liver fibrosis by serum biochemistry, histology and immunohistochemistry. Also, Apoptosis of hepatic cells was determined by the TUNEL method. Treatment with curcumin significantly lowered the body weight, fasting glucose, serum AST and ALT, and decreased the adipocyte size, the number of macrophage and mast cells in adipose tissue, and collagen deposition in liver tissue in the HFD+$CCl_4$ group compared with the findings of the HFD+$CCl_4$ group. In contrast, treatment with curcumin on the ND+$CCl_4$ group did not show a significant difference except the body weight and mast cell number when compared with the ND+$CCl_4$ group. Furthermore, curcumin significantly reduced the number of parenchymal apoptotic cells, whereas it increased the number of non-parenchymal apoptotic cells, especially resembling an activated hepatic stellate cell in the liver. Taken together, this data suggests that curcumin might be an effective antifibrotic drug for the prevention of liver disease progression in obese mice. Thus, the development of curcumin as a therapy for obesity and liver fibrosis is supported.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.53-65
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• 2023

Objectives : Present study investigated the hepatoprotective effects and the optimal mixing ratio of fermented Schizandrae Fructus Pomace (fSFP) and Hoveniae Semen Cum Fructus (HSCF) extract combination in carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced acute liver injury mice. Methods : ICR mice were orally administered with 200 mg/kg of fSFP, HSCF and mixtures of fSFP and HSCF [MSH (w:w); 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 2:1, 4:1, 6:1, and 8:1] for 7 consecutive days. Silymarin (100 mg/kg) was administered as a reference drug. 0.5 mL/kg of CCl₄ was injected intraperitoneally to induce acute liver injury. Body weight gain, relative liver weight, serum chemistry, histopathological analysis, and hepatic endogenous antioxidants capacities were observed. Results : All diverse combinations of MSH significantly reduced relative liver weight increase by CCl₄. In addition, MSH administrations significantly decreased the elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities by CCl₄. Histopathological observation indicated that all MSH treatments significantly reduced the increase of degenerated hepatocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and histological activity index score by CCl₄. Moreover, all MSH administrations reduced the elevation of malondialdehyde contents, and ameliorated the reduction of hepatic glutathione contents, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity. Among the various mixing ratio of MSH combinations, MSH 1:1 and 2:1 showed the most potent anti-oxidative stress, and hepatoprotective effect. Conclusion : Present results suggest that 1:1 and 2:1 combinations of MSH is promising herbal formulation with the hepatoprotective effect against oxidative stress.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2009

The purpose of this study evaluated the immunoregulatory effect of phellinus linteus ethanol (PLE) extracts on liver damage on carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) induced in rats. Four-week old Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the three experimental groups randomly; Control group, $CCl_4$ group, $CCl_4$ + PLE group. We found that effect of PLE on $IFN-\gamma$, STAT1 and pSTAT1 was decrease in vivo. Several genes were demonstrated to be IL-4 inducible prior to the discovery of STAT6. IL-4, STAT6 and pSTAT6 decreased significantly lower in $CCl_4$ + PLE than the $CCl_4$ group. Our data indicated that cytokine protein production were increased in $CCl_4$ group with $CCl_4$ + PLE group. In our data indicate that IgA levels in MLN lymphocytes were low, while IgE was high in $CCl_4$ + PLE group compared with $CCl_4$ group. Therefore, the results of this study show that PLE can be proposed to protect the liver against $CCl_4$-induced immunoregulatory activity in rats.