• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.106-111
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• 2001

This paper is a study on the heat generation characteristics of the carbon heating source with high temperature. The main variables of this study are the input current and the amount of carbon heating source. As the results of the experiment in the waste rate of carbon heating source. The case of carbon heating source 300g was large than 500g. As the input current and the temperature are increased, the resistance values of carbon heating source were large. The Joule heat was represented the large value as the amount of heating source decrease with the input current. Finally, the heating source was represented the electrical steady state as the input current is increase.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2003

This paper is a study on application of warm air circulator by using the carbon heating element with particle type. The main variables are the input current and amount of carbon heating source for experimental characteristics. The experimental results are obtained as follows. As the input current and temperature are increased, the resistance of heat source is decreased about $20{\sim}25%$ by the effect of negative resistance. As the amount of heating source is small, Joule heat is large with the input current. When the amount of heating source is 300 and the input current is 15A, the value of Joule heat is about 4604.6kJ/h. The heat production efficiency of carbon heating source is larger about 10% than the sheath heater.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2006

This paper represents the numerical analysis in unsteady state on the variation of diameter and environmental velocity of carbon heating source. In general heating system, the oil and sheath heater is widely used, but these systems have many problems. So, the heating source with carbon ingredient has been researched in many country about manufacture, thermal and electrical properties. In this research, the carbon heating source was studied through numerical analysis on several conditions of unsteady state, heat generation, diameter and environmental velocity. The temperature distributions at steady state are appeared as a non-proportional linear pattern with variations of environmental velocity due to the Nesselt number with convective heat flux is proportioned to 0.805 of Reynolds number. As the radius is increasing, the temperature distributions is appeared the minus tilt because of the environmental condition is cooling by constant temperature. So, the correlation equation between temperature at steady state and environmental velocity was obtained.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.928-933
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission & energy cost of district heating using sewage source. The annual TOE of heat pump using sewage source save 37.1 percent than city gas boiler. And annual carbon dioxide emission of heat pump cut down 41.3 percent than city gas boiler. If it charges the rate schedule for district heating to apartment resident, collected amount are 3,127,170 thousand won. As energy cost of heat pump & circulation pump are 1,378,072 thousand won. the profits are 1,749,098 thousand won. As payback period is 8.97years, applicability is low level. However, it has advantages in energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission & energy cost. Therefore, it needs to proceed through government assistance.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2004

This paper represents the numerical analysis on effect of the environmental velocity for circular heating source with heat generation. In general heating system, the oil and sheath heater is widely used, but these systems have many problems. So, the heating source with carbon ingredient has been researched in many country about manufacture, thermal and electrical properties. In this research, a circular heating source was studied through numerical analysis on several conditions of unsteady state, beat generation and environmental velocity. The temperature distributions at steady state is appeared as a non-linear pattern with variations of environmental velocity. So, the correlation equation between temperature at steady state and environmental velocity was obtained.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.564-570
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• 2008

Nanostructured carbon materials have been found to have applications in fuel cell electrodes, field emitters, electronic devices, sensors and electromagnetic absorbers, etc. Especially, the CNF (carbon nanofiber) can be expected to play an important role in catalyst supporters for fuel cell electrodes and chemical reactions. In this study, we synthesized CNF from a liquid phase carbon source by a solvothermal method. In addition, we studied the parameters for the preparation of CNF by controlling heating and cooling rates, synthesis temperature and time. We characterized the CNF by SEM/TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy and EDS. We found that the heating and cooling rate have strong effects on the CNF formation and growth. We were able to prepare the best CNF at the heating rate of $10^{\circ}$/min, at $450^{\circ}$ for 60 minutes, and at the cooling rate of $4^{\circ}$/min. As a result of Raman spectra, we found that the sample showed two characteristic Raman bands at ${\sim}1350cm^{-1}$ (D band) and ${\sim}1600cm^{-1}$ (G band). The G band indicates the original graphite feature, but the D band has been explained as a disorder feature of the carbon structure. The diameter and length of the CNF was about $15{\sim}20nm$, and over $1{\mu}$, respectively.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2018

본 논문은 세탁물 건조기의 고효율과 건조성능 향상을 위한 탄소나노섬유의 열원(히팅모듈)을 설명하였고, 이 열원의 적용 가능성을 평가하는데 집중하였다. 제안된 히팅모듈의 설계를 위해, 탄소나노섬유램프의 표면온도와 표면온도분포특성에 관한 실험이 수행되었다. 그 램프의 표면온도는 램프에 흐르는 전류의 증가와 함께 선형적으로 증가하였고, 그 램프의 길이가 짧을수록 증가하는 패턴을 보였다. 제안된 히팅모듈은 건조효율, 세탁물의 수분증발률, 건조동작 중 드럼의 내부온도를 기반으로 평가되었다. 건조효율은 KS C 9319의 기준인 45%를 충족하였고, 수분증발률과 드럼의 내부온도는 각각 98.88%와 평균 $61.1^{\circ}C$로 S사의 제품과 대등한 건조성능을 보였다. 그 평가와 실제 건조실험 결과로부터, 제안된 탄소나노섬유램프 히팅모듈은 건조효율과 건조성능의 측면에서 세탁물 건조기의 열원으로 적용 가능할 것으로 판단되며, 높은 온도의 열원, 우수한 발열량, 원적외선 방출에 의한 건조성능의 향상과 세탁물의 살균효과를 얻을 수 있다. 추가적으로, 그 건조기들 사이에 건조효율 성능차이가 열원의 소비전력을 기반으로 상세히 분석되었다.

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.114-117
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• 2003

Conventional heating the heat source cause the molecules to react from the surface toward the center so that successive layers of molecules heat in turn. The product surfaces may be in danger of over heating by the time heat penetrates the material. Microwave, however, produce a volume heating effect. All molecules are set in action at the same time. It also evens temperature gradients and offers other important benefits such as selective heating. (omitted)

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.24-36
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• 2024

This study analyzed the feasibility of the air source heat pump in residential buildings based on operational performance and carbon emissions. The operational performance and carbon emissions were compared between a gas boiler and an air source heat pump by calculating the annual heating and hot water load based on the 21A and 36A models for actual residential buildings. For the operational performance of the air source heat pump, the lowest (2.3) and highest COP (5.9) were attained during the winter and summer seasons, respectively. The carbon emissions depend on the amount of energy consumed during operations. An air source heat pump consumed 65.10% and 65.4% less energy per year in the 21A and 36A models, respectively compared to the existing gas boiler. Consequently, for air source heat pump carbon emissions were also reduced by 13.3% and 15.1% per year for the 21A and 36A models, respectively. It shows the effectiveness of applying an air source heat pump compared to an existing gas boiler.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.228-231
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• 2011

열원으로 열풍과 마이크로파를 이용하여 비극성 ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer(EPDM)/카본블랙 컴파운드 제조에 있어서 시편의 두께 및 첨가제 함량에 따른 가황속도의 영향을 비교 조사하였다. 열풍가황의 경우, 컴파운드의 두께가 가장 중요한 인자로서 EPDM의 나쁜 열전도도 특성으로 인하여 컴파운드의 두께가 증가할수록 가황속도는 느려졌으며 두께 3 mm 컴파운드의 완전 가황은 $250^{\circ}C$에서 7분 이상이 소요되었다. 반면에 마이크로파 가황에서는 컴파운드의 두께에 의한 영향은 없었으나 극성첨가제인 카본블랙 함량에 큰 영향을 받았다. 카본블랙이 80 phr 이상인 컴파운드는 30초간 마이크로파 노출에 의해 거의 100% 가황이 일어남을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 극성물질을 포함하는 컴파운드의 가황열원으로서 마이크로파가 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.