• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.633-641
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• 2018

A viscoelastic wave equation in canonical form weakly nonlinear time dependent dissipation and source terms is investigated in this paper. And we establish a general decay result which is not necessarily of exponential or polynomial type.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1097-1102
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• 2018

Let A and B be matrices which are polynomials in r pairwise commuting nilpotent matrices over a field. We give a sufficient condition for the null space of $A^i$ to equal that of $B^i$ for all i, in particular, for A and B to be similar.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.509-514
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• 2016

By constructing a canonical basis for the space $M_k^{\sharp}({\Gamma}_0(N))$ explicitly, we find a basis of the space of cusp forms for ${\Gamma}_0(N)$ consisting of $Poincar{\acute{e}}$ series.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.1017-1041
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• 2011

This study investigates Korean EFL learners' awareness and use of the English existential there-construction by examining data collected from 54 Korean EFL learners of English by means of a pragmalinguistic judgment task and a controlled discourse completion task. The results of the judgment task reveal that lower proficiency learners rated canonical sentences and existentials with a preposed locative best in the communicative situations where the use of existentials would have been most appropriate. A comparison of the ratings by more proficient learners and native speakers shows that existentials received highest ratings by both groups where they are the most natural option, while canonical sentences received significantly higher ratings by the learners. With regard to the production data, learners tended to avoid existentials, but rather relied on canonical sentences. Existentials were rarely used by lower proficiency learners and not used productively even by more proficient learners in the situations where existentials would have been the most natural option. These results suggest that Korean learners' difficulty with the use of existentials is not merely a product of performance limitations, but attributable to limited knowledge about existentials and their syntactic alternatives in terms of contextual appropriateness. Lower proficiency learners lack such knowledge, and more proficient learners, while showing better awareness of the use of existentials, have problems as to the placement of new information when engaging in writing tasks that place lower level of demands on attention to the information status of noun phrases compared to communicative, oral tasks.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.1019-1045
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• 2006

As a natural generalization of a Sasakian space form, we define a contact strongly pseudo-convex CR-space form (of constant pseudo-holomorphic sectional curvature) by using the Tanaka-Webster connection, which is a canonical affine connection on a contact strongly pseudo-convex CR-manifold. In particular, we classify a contact strongly pseudo-convex CR-space form $(M,\;\eta,\;\varphi)$ with the pseudo-parallel structure operator $h(=1/2L\xi\varphi)$, and then we obtain the nice form of their curvature tensors in proving Schurtype theorem, where $L\xi$ denote the Lie derivative in the characteristic direction $\xi$.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1443-1449
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• 2003

Primary goal of adaptive observers would be to estimate the true states of a plant. Identification of unknown parameters is of secondary interest and is achieved frequently with the persistent excitation condition of some regressors. Nevertheless, two problems are linked to each other in the classical approaches to adaptive observers; as a result, we get a good state estimate once after a good parameter estimate is obtained. This paper focuses on the state estimation without parameter identification so that the state is estimated regardless of persistent excitation. In this direction of research, Besancon (2000) recently summarized that most of adaptive observers in the literature share one common canonical form, in which unknown parameters do not affect the unmeasured states. We enlarge the class of linear systems from the canonical form of (Besancon, 2000) by proposing an adaptive observer (with additional dynamics) that allows unknown parameters to affect those unmeasured states. A recursive algorithm is presented to design the proposed dynamic observer systematically. An example confirms the design procedure with a simulation result.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.135-140
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• 1998

The concept of dissipativity and passivity are of interest to us from a theoretical as well as a practical point of view. It is well known that the Riccati equation is derived from the dissipation inequality which expresses the fact that the system is dissipative; the energy stored inside the system doesn't exceed the amount of supply which flows into the system. The pencil model is regarded as a representation based on behavioral approach introduced by J.C. Willems. It has first order in the internal variable and zeroth order in the external variable. In general, any matrix pencil is transformed into a canonical form which is consist of several kind of sub-pencils, One of them has row full rank for $^\forall S\;\in\;\mathds{C}\;\bigcup{\infty}$, we call it under-determined mode of the model. In our opinion, most important properties of dynamical system lay in the mode. According to the properties of canonical form for pencil, it is shown that the storage function which characterizes the dissipativity of the system can be written as a LMI for the under-determined mode, if the system doesn't include impulse mode.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.793-798
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• 2013

Let ${\phi}$ be a map of a manifold M into another manifold N, L(N) the bundle of all linear frames over N, and ${\phi}^{-1}$(L(N)) the bundle over M which is induced from ${\phi}$ and L(N). Then, we construct a structure equation for the torsion form in ${\phi}^{-1}$(L(N)) which is induced from a torsion form in L(N).

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.99-112
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• 1995

This study aimed (1) to classify Korean kindergarten childrens' attachment to their mothers based on a system for classifying attachment organization developed by Main and Cassidy (1988), and (2) to investigate the relationship of attachment and temperament and mothers' child rearing behavior. 76 kindergarteners and their mothers were observed and videotaped in the strange situation. The modified PTQ(Parent and Teacher Temperament Questionnaire) for children 3-7 years of age and the IPBI(Iowa Parent Behavior Inventory: Mother Form) were administered respectively to 76 mothers to assess their parenting behavior and their children's temperament. The data were analyzed by percentiles, Pearson's correlations, and canonical correlation analysis. Results indicated that there was a little difference between the attachment classification of Main and Cassidy(1988) and that of Korean kindergarten children. There were significant correlations between children's temperament and the attachment to their mother. And mothers' parenting behavior was significantly related to the security of attachment. The canonical correlation analysis indicated that independent variables all together accounted for about 7.5% of the variation in attachment-variables.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.653-658
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• 2001

In this paper, we find the necessary and sufficient conditions for the discrete time nonlinear system to be transformed into observable canonical form by state coordinates change. Unlike the continuous time case, our theorems give the desired state coordinates change without solving partial differential equations. Also, our approach is applicable to both autonomous systems and control systems by slight change of the definition of the vector field.